使用python和firmata从Arduino端口动态更新Tkinter Widget比例

10

我在尝试获取Arduino数字端口值并将这些值设置为Python Tkinter Widget Scale时遇到麻烦。

我正在将Python和Arduino与Firmata一起使用。我可以使用python代码访问arduino板。例如在标签小部件中，我可以像以下代码一样实时获取并设置Arduino模拟端口值到标签，而没有任何问题：

import Tkinter
import pyfirmata

def onStartButtonPress():
    while True:
        if flag.get():
            analogReadLabel.config(text=str(a0.read()))
            analogReadLabel.update_idletasks()
            top.update()
        else:
            break
    board.exit()
    top.destroy()

def onExitButtonPress():
    flag.set(False)

port = 'COM7'
board = pyfirmata.Arduino(port)

it = pyfirmata.util.Iterator(board)
it.start()

a0 = board.get_pin('a:0:i')

top = Tkinter.Tk()
top.title("Reading Analog pins")

descriptionLabel = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Potentiometer input:- ")
descriptionLabel.grid(column=1, row=1)

analogReadLabel = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Press Start..")
analogReadLabel.grid(column=2, row=1)

flag = Tkinter.BooleanVar(top)
flag.set(True)

startButton = Tkinter.Button(top, text="Start", command=onStartButtonPress)
startButton.grid(column=1, row=2)

exitButton = Tkinter.Button(top, text="Exit", command=onExitButtonPress)
exitButton.grid(column=2, row=2)

top.mainloop()

到现在为止还可以，GUI会显示类似以下内容：

Python Gui接口从模拟0读取实时值

但是我想做但没有得到的是：

我正在尝试使用数字引脚更新Scale

这是代码：

import Tkinter
import pyfirmata
import serial; 

def onStartButtonPress():
    while True:
        if flag.get():
            analogReadLabel.config(text=str(d8.read()))
            analogReadLabel1.config(text=str(d9.read()))
            analogReadLabel2.config(text=str(d10.read()))
            analogReadLabel.update_idletasks()

        pos1 = d8.read()
        if pos1 == True:
            pos1 = int(pos1)
            pos1 = 0
            brightnessScale.set(pos1)

        pos2 = d9.read()
        if pos2 == True:
            pos2 = int(pos2)
            pos2 = 100
            brightnessScale.set(pos2)

       ''' and so on '''

        brightnessScale.update_idletasks()
        top.update()
    else:
        break
board.exit()
top.destroy()


def onExitButtonPress():
    flag.set(False)

port = 'COM7'
board = pyfirmata.Arduino(port)

it = pyfirmata.util.Iterator(board)
it.start()

a0 = board.get_pin('a:0:i')

d4 = board.get_pin('d:4:i')
d5 = board.get_pin('d:5:i')
d6 = board.get_pin('d:6:i')
d7 = board.get_pin('d:7:i')
d8 = board.get_pin('d:8:i')
d9 = board.get_pin('d:9:i')
d10 = board.get_pin('d:10:i')

top = Tkinter.Tk()
top.geometry("800x600")
top.title("Reading Analog pins")

descriptionLabel = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Potentiometer input:- ")
descriptionLabel.grid(column=1, row=1)

analogReadLabel = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Level 1")
analogReadLabel.grid(column=2, row=1)

analogReadLabel1 = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Level 2")
analogReadLabel1.grid(column=3, row=1)

analogReadLabel2 = Tkinter.Label(top, text="Level 3")
analogReadLabel2.grid(column=4, row=1)

brightnessScale = Tkinter.Scale(top, from_ = 500, 
                            to = 0, 
                            length = 500, 
                            width = "30",
                            tickinterval = 50, 

                            bg = "lightskyblue",
                            highlightcolor = "darkblue",
                            highlightbackground = "royalblue",
                            troughcolor = "darkblue",

                            state = Tkinter.DISABLED,
                            sliderlength = 50,
                            relief = "sunken",
                            label = "Volume do Reservatorio em %",
                            orient = Tkinter.VERTICAL)
brightnessScale.grid(column=1, row=5)
Tkinter.Label(top,text="Volume da Caixa em (%)").grid(column=1, row=6)

flag = Tkinter.BooleanVar(top)
flag.set(True)

startButton = Tkinter.Button(top, text="Start", command=onStartButtonPress)
startButton.grid(column=1, row=2)

exitButton = Tkinter.Button(top, text="Exit", command=onExitButtonPress)
exitButton.grid(column=2, row=2)

top.mainloop()

总结一下：我在代码中声明的每个数字端口中都装有磁簧开关。这些簧片开关通常处于打开状态，当我在它们附近施加磁场时，它会关闭，并且该值会从False变为True发生变化。我想做的是实时更新Tkinter Scale Widget作为标签，但我不明白。

python代码中有什么技巧可以解决我的问题？因为我在互联网上进行了大量研究，但无法完成，如您在图2中看到的那样，当第二个数字引脚的状态更改时，标签更改为True，并且在标尺代码中，它对应于该值100，但仍在0标记上。

我对命令和scale小部件的可变参数的用法也不满意。

简而言之，我想使用Firmata根据来自arduino的数字端口的值实时更新python Tkinter规模小部件。

我正在使用Python 2.7

PS：出于完整性考虑：

这是我的没有固件的arduino代码（Sketch），可以正常运行。

int level; 
int position; 

void setup() {

pinMode(8, INPUT); 
pinMode(9, INPUT);
pinMode(10, INPUT);
pinMode(11, INPUT);
pinMode(12, INPUT);

Serial.begin(9600); // ativa a porta serial

void loop() {
digitalWrite(8, LOW); 
digitalWrite(9, LOW);
digitalWrite(10, LOW);
digitalWrite(11, LOW);
digitalWrite(12, LOW);


position = digitalRead(8); 
if ( position == HIGH) {level=0;}

position = digitalRead(9); 
if ( position == HIGH) {Level=100;}

position = digitalRead(10); 
if ( position == HIGH) {level=200;}

position = digitalRead(11); 
if ( position == HIGH) {level=300;}

position = digitalRead(12); 
if ( position == HIGH) {level=400;}

Serial.println(level); 
delay(500);

}

我在这里还能做的是通过python中的serial获取这些值，并以这种方式使用它们来更新刻度，但是我不知道这种方法是否还能工作！

我在Python中的想法：但是我在算法和数据结构方面仍有很多知识要学习。只是伪代码：

def setScaleValue():
while True:
    if flag.get():
         pos1 = d4.read()
        if pos1 == True: #or 1 
        #Here is the problem i don't know for sure what comes in my digital port
        #If is a True bool or a 1 as HIGH value from arduino
        #And probably i don't know if it's possible to change the values of a scale in this way !!!
        #or if i'm mistaken the Cast stuff in Python
            pos1 = int(pos1)
            pos1 = 0
            brightnessScale.set(pos1)

        pos2 = d8.read()
        if pos2 == True:
            pos2 = int(pos2)
            pos2 = 100
            brightnessScale.set(pos2)

        brightnessScale.update_idletasks()
        top.update()
    else:
        break
board.exit()
top.destroy()

return


d4 = board.get_pin('d:4:i')
d5 = board.get_pin('d:5:i')
d6 = board.get_pin('d:6:i')
d7 = board.get_pin('d:7:i')
d8 = board.get_pin('d:8:i')

brightnessScale = Tkinter.Scale(top, from_ = 500, 
                            to = 0, 
                            length = 500, 
                            width = "30",
                            tickinterval = 50, 

                            bg = "lightskyblue",
                            highlightcolor = "darkblue",
                            highlightbackground = "royalblue",
                            troughcolor = "darkblue",

                            state = Tkinter.DISABLED,
                            sliderlength = 50,
                            relief = "sunken",
                            label = "Volume do Reservatorio em %",
                            orient = Tkinter.VERTICAL)
brightnessScale.grid(column=1, row=5)
Tkinter.Label(top,text="Volume da Caixa em (%)").grid(column=1, row=6)
arduino-uno  usb  analogread  python  firmata 
— 维尼修斯·比斯科拉（Vinicius Biscolla）
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您的第三个文件格式不正确，例如def setScaleValue（）：定义不正确，您需要在函数定义后更改缩进级别。
— esoterik
代码运行时，您可以单击停止按钮吗？
— MertGülsoy18年

Answers:

-1

在您的代码中：

pos2 = d8.read()
print("pos2 is {} type {}".format(pos2, type(pos2)))  # This way, you'll know the var type you're getting on the console
    if posX == True:
        posX = int(posX)          # You then cast to an integer
        posX = 100                # You discard pos2 value by setting it to 100
        brightnessScale.set(posX) # You set the scale always to value 100

通过添加打印行，可以确保变量值和类型。
然后，您可能必须相应地调整if语句。
当心这两条线会影响posX，然后您要做什么，这可能不是在更新比例之前要执行的操作。

— 中小企业
source
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