为什么线性定界图灵机比有限状态自动机更强大？

我的印象是，我们的计算机是有限的，最终没有比（非常大的）有限状态机更强大。但是，线性定界图灵机也是有限的，但似乎正规语言严格来说是上下文相关语言的不适当子集。

显然，我在这里错过了一些东西。到底是怎么回事？

finite-automata computation-models linear-bounded-automata

— 本。
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线性有界图灵机仅限于磁带，磁带的长度是输入长度的线性函数。

如果长度限制为常数，则该机器将不比DFA强大。但是，DFA不能增加更多状态来应对更长的输入，实际上LBTM可以做到（将状态作为整个计算机配置）。因此LBTM严格更强大。

— 里奇
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o (\log \log n)

$o(\log \log n)$

@ skankhunt42，为什么呢？

— 本一。

k \log \log n

$k \log \log n$

2^{k \log \log n} = 2^{\log (\log^{k} n)} = \log^{k} n

$2^{k \log \log n} = 2^{\log (\log^k n)} = \log^k n$

o (n)

$o(n)$

O (1)

$\mathcal O(1)$

c \in N

$c \in \mathbb N$

c

$c$

⋃_{0 \leq i \leq c} {0, 1}^{i}

$\bigcup_{0 \leq i \leq c} \{ 0, 1 \}^i$

@Choirbean需要使用交叉序列的证明。您可以在此处cs.stackexchange.com/questions/7372/…中查找它。

— skankhunt42

2^{k \log \log n}

$2^{k \log \log n}$

n 2^{k \log \log n}

$n 2^{k \log \log n}$

我认为我们必须首先了解机器的描述和输入大小，以便仅对有效对象进行比较。假设N是输入大小。这意味着计算机将具有这些资源范围。

\begin{array}{lll} Resource & Finite Automata: A & LBTM: M \\ Input Tape Size & O (N) & O (N) \\ Tape Operations & Read Only & Read, Write \\ Tape Movement & Left to right, One pass only & Both directions, No pass limit \\ # of Locations (States) & M & M \\ Input Alphabet & Σ & Σ \\ Acceptance Condition & Reach finite location: ℓ_{f} & Reach finite location: ℓ_{f} \end{array}

$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline \mbox{Resource} & \mbox{Finite Automata:}\quad \mathcal{A} & \mbox{LBTM:} \quad \mathcal{M}\\ \hline \mbox{Input Tape Size} & O(N) & O(N)\\ \mbox{Tape Operations} & \mbox{Read Only}& \mbox{Read, Write}\\ \mbox{Tape Movement} & \mbox{Left to right, One pass only}& \mbox{Both directions, No pass limit}\\ \mbox{# of Locations (States)} & M & M\\ \mbox{Input Alphabet} & \Sigma & \Sigma\\ \mbox{Acceptance Condition} & \mbox{Reach finite location: }\ell_f & \mbox{Reach finite location: }\ell_f\\ \hline \end{array}$

$\mathcal{M}$ $\mathcal{A}$ $\mathcal{A}$

\begin{array}{lll} Resource & Finite Automata: A^{'} & LBTM: M \\ Input Tape Size & O (N) & O (N) \\ Tape Operations & Read Only & Read, Write \\ Tape Movement & Left to right, One pass only & Both directions, No pass limit \\ # of Locations (States) & M \times 2^{N} & M \\ Input Alphabet & Σ & Σ \\ Acceptance Condition & Reach finite location: ℓ_{f}^{'} & Reach finite location: ℓ_{f} \end{array}

$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline \mbox{Resource} & \mbox{Finite Automata:}\quad \mathcal{A'} & \mbox{LBTM:} \quad \mathcal{M}\\ \hline \mbox{Input Tape Size} & O(N) & O(N)\\ \mbox{Tape Operations} & \mbox{Read Only}& \mbox{Read, Write}\\ \mbox{Tape Movement} & \mbox{Left to right, One pass only}& \mbox{Both directions, No pass limit}\\ \mbox{# of Locations (States)} & M \times 2^N & M\\ \mbox{Input Alphabet} & \Sigma & \Sigma\\ \mbox{Acceptance Condition} & \mbox{Reach finite location: }\ell'_f & \mbox{Reach finite location: }\ell_f\\ \hline \end{array}$

$\mathcal{A}'$ $\mathcal{M}$ $\mathcal{A}'$ $N$ $\mathcal{A}$ $N$ $\mathcal{M}$ $\mathcal{M}$

— 德文德拉·贝夫（Devendra Bhave）
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