统计资料全天随机消失/清空

9

我有一个SQL Server 2017（CU9）数据库，该数据库存在一些与性能相关的问题，我认为这与索引统计信息有关。在进行故障排除时，我发现统计信息尚未更新（这意味着DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS将返回所有NULL值）。

我在受影响的表上执行了UPDATE STATISTICS，并验证SHOW_STATISTICS昨天在4:00 PM返回了实际值。今天早上8:00 AM，统计信息再次为空（返回NULL值）。

客户端确实有安排在每天凌晨4:00运行的维护作业，该维护作业将为数据库重新索引，然后针对整个数据库执行sp_updatestats。我已经验证了使用探查器跟踪在4:00 AM更新统计信息。

我不知道为什么统计信息将为空，维护工作是否在4:00 AM运行？在此版本的SQL Server上是否存在我不知道的错误？

提前感谢你的帮助。

更多信息：

  • 自动更新统计信息已启用。
  • “异步自动更新统计信息”已禁用。
  • 自动创建增量统计信息已禁用。

重新编制索引脚本（混淆）：

USE DBNAME;
DECLARE @CERTENG_Lock INT
DECLARE @WebSite_Control_ProcessRunning_Lock INT
DECLARE @WebSite_Control_Disabled_Lock INT
DECLARE @LogMessage VARCHAR(1024)

SELECT @CERTENG_Lock = Lock FROM application.CERTENG_Lock

SELECT @WebSite_Control_Disabled_Lock = MAX(CAST(Disabled AS INT)), 
       @WebSite_Control_ProcessRunning_Lock = MAX(CAST(ProcessRunning AS INT)) 
  FROM application.WebSite_Control 
 WHERE Webname = 'Reports'

IF(@CERTENG_Lock = 0 AND @WebSite_Control_Disabled_Lock = 0 AND 
@WebSite_Control_ProcessRunning_Lock = 0)
BEGIN
    EXECUTE Dba.ReIndex
END

ELSE
BEGIN
SET @LogMessage = 'The reindex job did not run because the following locks were set: '
IF(@CERTENG_Lock = 1)
BEGIN
    SET @LogMessage = @LogMessage + 'The CERTENG_Lock was set to 1;'
END

IF(@WebSite_Control_Disabled_Lock = 1)
BEGIN
    SET @LogMessage = @LogMessage + 'The WebSite_Control_Disabled_Lock was set to 1;'
END

IF(@WebSite_Control_ProcessRunning_Lock = 1)
BEGIN
    SET @LogMessage = @LogMessage + 'The WebSite_Control_ProcessRunning_Lock was set to 1;'
END

INSERT INTO [Dba].[ReindexLog] ([LogMessage]) VALUES (@LogMessage)

END

数据库索引

USE [Database]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [Dba].[ReIndex]    Script Date: 12/20/2018 11:15:33 AM ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

--Create procedure to perform reindexing

ALTER PROCEDURE [Dba].[ReIndex] (
    -- Only rebuild if fragmentation is above ___
    @REBUILD_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD FLOAT = 30,
    -- Or only reorganize if fragmentation is above ___
    @REORG_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD FLOAT = 10
    )
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE @WorkingId BIGINT, @ReindexId BIGINT, @Sql VARCHAR(2000);
DECLARE @TableId INT, @IndexId INT;
DECLARE @ExecutionTime DATETIME

SET @ExecutionTime = GETDATE()

-------------Identify tables------------------------------------------------------------
TRUNCATE TABLE Dba.ReindexList;

-- List all the tables and their indexes in the database by the number of rows
-- in order to do the largest tables first.
INSERT INTO Dba.ReindexList (SchemaName, TableName, IndexName, TableId, IndexId, IndexType, NumberOfRows)
SELECT s.NAME AS [SchemaName], t.NAME AS [TableName], i.NAME AS [IndexName], i.object_id, i.index_id, i.type_desc, p.row_count
  FROM sys.schemas AS s
 INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t
    ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
 INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i
    ON i.object_id = t.object_id
 INNER JOIN sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS p
    ON p.object_id = i.object_id
   AND p.index_id = i.index_id
-- Ignore heaps because they can't be rebuilt or reorganized
 WHERE i.type_desc != 'HEAP'
    -- Skip individual schemas owned by domain accounts
   AND charindex('\', s.NAME) = 0
    -- Skip DBA schema
   AND s.NAME != 'Dba'
 ORDER BY p.row_count DESC, s.NAME, t.NAME, i.index_id;

----------------Check fragmentation---------------------------------------------------
DECLARE
    -- Separate table to keep track of only the indexes that need to be now
    @FragmentationWorkingList TABLE (ReindexId BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED);

INSERT INTO @FragmentationWorkingList (ReindexId)
SELECT r.ReindexId
  FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
-- Skip fragmentation check for this specific index or table?
  LEFT JOIN Dba.ReindexSetting AS st
    ON st.DatabaseName = db_name()
   AND st.SchemaName = r.SchemaName
   AND st.TableName = r.TableName
   AND st.IndexName IS NULL
  LEFT JOIN Dba.ReindexSetting AS si
    ON si.DatabaseName = db_name()
   AND si.SchemaName = r.SchemaName
   AND si.TableName = r.TableName
   AND si.IndexName = r.IndexName
 WHERE r.IsFragmentationChecked = 'N'
   AND r.IsReindexed = 'N'
    -- Index setting overrides table setting if both are specified
   AND coalesce(si.SkipFragmentationCheck, st.SkipFragmentationCheck, 'N') = 'N'
 ORDER BY r.ReindexId;

SELECT @ReindexId = min(w.ReindexId)
  FROM @FragmentationWorkingList AS w;

WHILE @ReindexId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    -- Pull IDs into variables because the physical stats DM function can't
    -- cross-apply values from a JOIN.
    SELECT @TableId = r.TableId, @IndexId = r.IndexId
      FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
     WHERE r.ReindexId = @ReindexId;

    -- Load the fragmentation for each index individually
    -- with duration-tracking so we can figure out whether or not
    -- this is really worthwhile.
    UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
       SET FragmentationCheckStartTime = getdate()
     WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;

    UPDATE r
       SET Fragmentation = p.avg_fragmentation_in_percent
      FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
    -- Use LIMITED for fastest scan
     INNER JOIN sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id(), @TableId, @IndexId, NULL, 'LIMITED') AS p
        -- Should only return one row for this index
        ON 1 = 1
     WHERE r.ReindexId = @ReindexId;

    UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
       SET IsFragmentationChecked = 'Y', FragmentationCheckEndTime = getdate()
     WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;

    SELECT @ReindexId = min(w.ReindexId)
      FROM @FragmentationWorkingList AS w
     WHERE w.ReindexId > @ReindexId;
END

------------------------------Reindex------------------------------------
DECLARE
    -- Separate table to keep track of only the indexes that need to be now
    @ReindexWorkingList TABLE (
    -- Order differently based on row count and fragmentation
    WorkingId BIGINT NOT NULL identity(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED, ReindexId BIGINT NOT NULL
    );

INSERT INTO @ReindexWorkingList (ReindexId)
SELECT r.ReindexId
  FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
-- Skip fragmentation check for this specific index or table?
  LEFT JOIN Dba.ReindexSetting AS st
    ON st.DatabaseName = db_name()
   AND st.SchemaName = r.SchemaName
   AND st.TableName = r.TableName
   AND st.IndexName IS NULL
  LEFT JOIN Dba.ReindexSetting AS si
    ON si.DatabaseName = db_name()
   AND si.SchemaName = r.SchemaName
   AND si.TableName = r.TableName
   AND si.IndexName = r.IndexName
 WHERE r.IsReindexed = 'N'
    -- Index setting overrides table setting if both are specified
   AND coalesce(si.SkipReindex, st.SkipReindex, 'N') = 'N'
    -- Process tables in order of the most fragmented, largest
   AND r.Fragmentation >= @REORG_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD
 ORDER BY r.Fragmentation DESC, r.NumberOfRows DESC, r.ReindexId;

SELECT @WorkingId = min(w.WorkingId)
  FROM @ReindexWorkingList AS w;

WHILE @WorkingId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @ReindexId = w.ReindexId
      FROM @ReindexWorkingList AS w
     WHERE w.WorkingId = @WorkingId;

    -- Skip index because of low fragmentation?
    IF @REORG_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD > (
            -- Assume that an index is highly fragmented if the exact %
            -- wasn't calculated to save time
            SELECT isnull(r.Fragmentation, 100)
              FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
             WHERE r.ReindexId = @ReindexId
            )
    BEGIN
        UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
           SET IsReindexed = 'Y', IsSkipped = 'Y', ReindexStartTime = getdate(), ReindexEndTime = getdate()
         WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;
    END
            -- Rebuild or reorganize...
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        -- Try/catch inside a loop causes slower performance, but reindexing
        -- should continue on the next index if an error occurs.
        BEGIN TRY
            -- Rebuild or reorganize?
            -- 1) Ignore heaps
            -- 2) Always rebuild a clustered index
            -- 3) Rebuild nonclustered if > __, otherwise reorganize it
            -- According to Kalen Delaney (http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/sqldatabaseengine/thread/dd612296-5b3a-40f1-829f-c654b835efed),
            -- rebuild always updates statistics with FULLSCAN while reorgnize does not.
            SELECT @Sql = 'alter index [' + r.IndexName + '] on [' + r.SchemaName + '].[' + r.TableName + '] ' + 
                   CASE WHEN IndexType = 'HEAP'                               THEN 'rebuild'
                        WHEN IndexType = 'CLUSTERED'                          THEN 'rebuild'
                        WHEN Fragmentation > @REBUILD_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD THEN 'rebuild'
                        ELSE 'reorganize; update statistics [' + r.SchemaName + '].[' + r.TableName + '] [' + r.IndexName + ']'
                    END +
                -- TODO: Handle partitions properly
                ';'
             FROM Dba.ReindexList AS r
            WHERE r.ReindexId = @ReindexId;

            UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
               SET ReindexStartTime = getdate(), Sql = @Sql
             WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;

            EXECUTE (@sql);

            UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
               SET ReindexEndTime = getdate(), IsReindexed = 'Y'
             WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;
        END TRY

        BEGIN CATCH
            UPDATE Dba.ReindexList
               SET ReindexEndTime = getdate(),
                -- Mark as reindexed to show that an attempt was made...
                   IsReindexed = 'Y', ErrorNumber = error_number(), ErrorMessage = error_message()
             WHERE ReindexId = @ReindexId;
        END CATCH
    END

    SELECT @WorkingId = min(w.WorkingId)
      FROM @ReindexWorkingList AS w
     WHERE w.WorkingId > @WorkingId;
END

INSERT INTO Dba.ReindexHistory (HistoryTime, TableId, IndexId, SchemaName, TableName, IndexName, IsClustered, IsReindexed, NumberOfRows, Fragmentation)
SELECT isnull(@ExecutionTime, getdate()), l.TableId, l.IndexId, l.SchemaName, l.TableName, l.IndexName, 
       CASE l.IndexType WHEN 'CLUSTERED' THEN 'Y'
                        ELSE 'N'
       END AS IsClustered, 
       l.IsReindexed, l.NumberOfRows, l.Fragmentation
  FROM Dba.ReindexList AS l
  LEFT JOIN Dba.ReindexHistory AS h
    ON h.HistoryTime = l.FragmentationCheckStartTime
   AND h.TableId = l.TableId
   AND h.IndexId = l.IndexId
 WHERE h.HistoryTime IS NULL
 ORDER BY l.FragmentationCheckStartTime, l.TableId, l.IndexId;

更新：我禁用了数据库的自动更新统计信息，并昨天手动更新了统计信息。今天早上，他们仍然居住。我认为这意味着自动更新中发生了一些不好的事情。

sql-server  statistics 
— 蒂姆·拜特纳（Tim Bytnar）
source
1
这可能是有益的- brentozar.com/archive/2018/09/...
— 健沙阿
5
旁注，我真的会花点时间考虑使用Ola的脚本。
— scsimon

Answers:

1

使用默认的系统跟踪信息来查看正在删除和重新创建统计信息的进程。

以下查询将显示删除了统计对象的跟踪事件：

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE @trcfilename nvarchar(260);
DECLARE @trcPath nvarchar(260);

SELECT @trcPath = t.path
FROM sys.traces t
WHERE t.is_default = 1;

SET @trcPath = LEFT(@trcPath, LEN(@trcPath) - (CHARINDEX(N'\', REVERSE(@trcPath))));-- + '\log_*.trc';
print @trcPath
IF OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#TraceFiles', N'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #TraceFiles;
END
CREATE TABLE #TraceFiles
(
    TraceFileName nvarchar(260) NOT NULL
    , depth int
    , [file] int
);

INSERT INTO #TraceFiles (TraceFileName, depth, [file])
EXEC sys.xp_dirtree @trcPath, 1, 1; --level 1, show files.

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#trctemp', N'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #trctemp;
END

DECLARE cur CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY STATIC READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT @trcPath + N'\' + TraceFileName 
FROM #TraceFiles tf
WHERE tf.TraceFileName LIKE 'log_%'
    AND tf.depth = 1
    AND tf.[file] = 1
ORDER BY tf.TraceFileName;

OPEN cur;
FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @trcFilename
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
    PRINT N'Fetching trace events from ' + @trcFilename;
    IF OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#trctemp', N'U') IS NULL
    BEGIN
        SELECT *
        INTO #trctemp
        FROM sys.fn_trace_gettable(@trcfilename, default) tt
    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO #trctemp
        SELECT *
        FROM sys.fn_trace_gettable(@trcfilename, default) tt
    END
    FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @trcFilename
END
CLOSE cur;
DEALLOCATE cur;


SELECT tt.*
FROM #trctemp tt
WHERE tt.ObjectType = 21587 --Statistics
    AND tt.EventClass = 47 --Object Deleted
ORDER BY tt.EventSequence;
— 马克斯·弗农
source
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