如何故意对SQL Server索引进行分段？

9

我想在我拥有的SQL Server 2017测试数据库上有意创建坏索引条件，只是为了更好地理解这些维护脚本？SQL Server索引和统计信息维护

是否有快速/自动的方式来破坏索引完整性或增加索引碎片？您知道我有什么有用的资源可以实现这一目标吗？

sql-server  index  clustered-index 
— 莫罗罗
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根据您对丑陋的定义，您可能还希望弄乱填充因子，这样不会弄乱碎片，但会产生
— 不良
3
您要数据库中的一个索引还是所有索引？如果你想为所有的索引，然后收缩数据库 -DBCC SHRINKDATABASE ([yourNONProdDB])
— 健沙阿
所有的数据库索引都是完美的。感谢@KinShah
— mororo '19

Answers:

10

我可以想像的一种快速方法是创建一个表UNIQUEIDENTIFIER作为主键并插入许多随机值。可以使用以下脚本来实现：

CREATE TABLE dbo.Tests (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER PRIMARY KEY);
GO
INSERT INTO dbo.Tests (Id)
WITH x AS (SELECT n FROM (VALUES (0),(1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9)) v(n))
SELECT NEWID()
FROM x AS x1, x AS x2, x AS x3, x AS x4, x AS x5, x AS x6;

这将产生一百万行。

知道这NEWID()不能保证任何顺序，SQL Server将不得不将其插入表中的随机位置-这将使主键不成碎片。

— 伊瓦达斯（Evaldas Buinauskas）
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1
这行不通或至少不能保证：SQL Server可以并且很可能会在将行添加到索引之前对行进行排序（如果需要，由于行数而将其缓存到磁盘）。要强制碎片化，您需要执行许多单独的插入操作-在SSMS中：INSERT dbo.Tests (Id) SELECT NEWID(); GO 1000000;-很显然，这将花费更多时间。请参阅pastebin.com/SVLtiRnP，以获取我提出另一个问题的示例。使用可变长度的行并随机更新它们可能会更有效地产生碎片？
— David Spillett
3

我想创建几个“丑陋”的索引，所以我做了以下工作。运作良好

-- Create databases to test index job, each database is about 800MB with 100,000 GUID primary keys, in each of two tables
-- Create 6 database to test index job for DatabasesInParallel Database design based on example https://dba.stackexchange.com/q/9821/21924

--Drop last test
USE [master]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_1]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_2]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_3]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_4]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_5]
exec asp_kill_user_connections [IndexTest_6]
GO

DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_1]
GO
DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_2]
GO
DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_3]
GO
DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_4]
GO
DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_5]
GO
DROP DATABASE [IndexTest_6]
GO

-- create [IndexTest_1]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_1];
GO

USE IndexTest_1

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END

-----------------------------------------------

-- create [IndexTest_2]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_2];
GO

USE IndexTest_2

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END

------------------------------------

-- create [IndexTest_3]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_3];
GO

USE IndexTest_3

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END

----------------------------------------
-- create [IndexTest_4]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_4];
GO

USE IndexTest_4

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END

------------------------------------------------
-- create [IndexTest_5]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_5];
GO

USE IndexTest_5

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END
--------------------------------------------

-- create [IndexTest_6]
USE [master];
GO

CREATE DATABASE [IndexTest_6];
GO

USE IndexTest_6

SET NOCOUNT ON

CREATE TABLE TestGuidA (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

CREATE TABLE TestGuidB (Id UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID() PRIMARY KEY,
SomeDate DATETIME, batchNumber BIGINT, FILLER CHAR(100))

DECLARE @BatchCounter INT = 1
DECLARE @Numrows INT = 100000


WHILE (@BatchCounter <= 20)
BEGIN 
BEGIN TRAN

DECLARE @LocalCounter INT = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidA (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @LocalCounter = 0

    WHILE (@LocalCounter <= @NumRows)
    BEGIN
    INSERT TestGuidB (SomeDate,batchNumber) VALUES (GETDATE(),@BatchCounter)
    SET @LocalCounter +=1
    END

SET @BatchCounter +=1
COMMIT 
END
-------------------------------
use master
DBCC FREEPROCCACHE -- Clear plan cache for next text.
— 詹姆士·詹金斯
source
1

通常，索引碎片会在表上存在Update或Insert发生操作时发生。

如果你想快速地生产问题（索引碎片），创建一个Index在您的测试表少fill factor做重Update或Insert操作该表。您可以使用这些脚本。

— 谢卡·科拉
source
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