IO_STALL的问题和理解

我每5分钟从sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats中收集IO_STALLS，然后做一个增量查看哪些文件受IO影响最大。

在5分钟内，我得到了5826331毫秒的增量，即97分钟。

我对此有些困惑，这是说一次操作开始于97分钟之前才刚刚完成，因此记录了等待时间吗？

谢谢

根据要求添加了代码：

/*

USE [SysDBA]
GO
*/
/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[DISKIOPS]    Script Date: 04/07/2013 11:40:15 ******/
/*
DROP TABLE [dbo].[DISKIOPS]
GO
*/
--Create the table
/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[DISKIOPS]    Script Date: 04/07/2013 11:40:15 ******/
/*
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[DISKIOPS](
    [IO_STALL] [bigint] NULL,
    [IO_STALL_READ_MS] [bigint] NULL,
    [IO_STALL_WRITE_MS] [bigint] NULL,
    [NUM_OF_READS] [bigint] NULL,
    [NUM_OF_WRITES] [bigint] NULL,
    [SIZE_ON_DISK_MB] [bigint] NULL,
    [DBNAME] [varchar](max) NULL,
    [NAME] [varchar](max) NULL,
    [FILE_ID] [int] NULL,
    [DB_FILE_TYPE] [varchar](max) NULL,
    [DISK] [varchar](max) NULL,
    [FILE_LOCATION] [varchar](max) NULL,
    [TIMESTAMP] [datetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO

*/

--Capture IO information from DMV and query to find deltas over time.
/*
USE [SysDBA]
GO

INSERT INTO [dbo].[DISKIOPS]
           ([IO_STALL]
           ,[IO_STALL_READ_MS]
           ,[IO_STALL_WRITE_MS]
           ,[NUM_OF_READS]
           ,[NUM_OF_WRITES]
           ,[SIZE_ON_DISK_MB]
           ,[DBNAME]
           ,[NAME]
           ,[FILE_ID]
           ,[DB_FILE_TYPE]
           ,[DISK]
           ,[FILE_LOCATION]
           ,[TIMESTAMP])
SELECT a.io_stall, a.io_stall_read_ms, a.io_stall_write_ms, a.num_of_reads, 
a.num_of_writes, 
--a.sample_ms, a.num_of_bytes_read, a.num_of_bytes_written,
( ( a.size_on_disk_bytes / 1024 ) / 1024.0 ) AS size_on_disk_mb, 
db_name(a.database_id) AS dbname, 
b.name, a.file_id, 
db_file_type = CASE 
                   WHEN a.file_id = 2 THEN 'Log' 
                   ELSE 'Data' 
                   END, 
UPPER(SUBSTRING(b.physical_name, 1, 2)) AS disk_location,
b.physical_name AS File_location,
GETDATE() AS Timestamp
FROM sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats (NULL, NULL) a 
JOIN sys.master_files b ON a.file_id = b.file_id 
AND a.database_id = b.database_id
GO
*/
DECLARE @File_Name VARCHAR(8000),
        @Disk VARCHAR(5)
SET @File_Name = 'DBTEST'
SET @Disk = 'I:'
--Code to pull out deltas between collected IO stats.
;WITH IOPS   ([IO_STALL]
           ,[IO_STALL_READ_MS]
           ,[IO_STALL_WRITE_MS]
           ,[NUM_OF_READS]
           ,[NUM_OF_WRITES]
           ,[SIZE_ON_DISK_MB]
           ,[DBNAME]
           ,[NAME]
           ,[FILE_ID]
           ,[DB_FILE_TYPE]
           ,[DISK]
           ,[FILE_LOCATION]
           ,[TIMESTAMP]
           ,[ROW])
AS
(
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY FILE_LOCATION ORDER BY TIMESTAMP DESC) AS [ROW]
FROM dbo.DISKIOPS 
)

SELECT MAX([IO2].[IO_STALL] - [IO1].[IO_STALL])
FROM IOPS IO1 JOIN IOPS IO2 ON IO1.ROW = (IO2.ROW+1)
WHERE IO1.NAME = IO2.NAME
AND IO1.Disk = @Disk

问题评论粘贴在下面：

io_stall本身并不意味着太多。如果在10秒内您有1000次操作停滞1秒，那么您将停滞1000秒。那将是10秒内16分钟以上的停顿。您需要将此与IO操作相关联...

上面是一个很好的例子，说明了如何查看具有纪念意义的数字和看似夸张的数字。就其本身而言，io_stall并不意味着什么。您需要知道该累积停顿的I / O操作规模。

而不是这样：

SELECT MAX([IO2].[IO_STALL] - [IO1].[IO_STALL])
FROM IOPS IO1 JOIN IOPS IO2 ON IO1.ROW = (IO2.ROW+1)
...

您需要将停顿除以I / O操作，以获得每个I / O（或每个读，写或您要查找的粒度）的平均停顿。换句话说，我的建议是将您的查询修改为如下所示：

SELECT
    MAX(([IO2].[IO_STALL] - [IO1].[IO_STALL]) / (IO2.NUM_OF_READS + IO2.NUM_OF_WRITES - IO1.NUM_OF_READS - IO1.NUM_OF_WRITES))
FROM IOPS IO1 JOIN IOPS IO2 ON IO1.ROW = (IO2.ROW+1)

然后，您需要有一个额外的谓词子句以确保不被零除：

...
WHERE IO1.NAME = IO2.NAME
and (IO2.NUM_OF_READS + IO2.NUM_OF_WRITES - IO1.NUM_OF_READS - IO1.NUM_OF_WRITES) > 0
AND IO1.Disk = @Disk

这基本上是计算每个I / O操作的平均值io_stall。就其本身而言，高io_stall可能只是意味着更高的工作量，并不一定是问题的征兆。