一次将多个数据库从C：移动到D：

17

我有带有323个数据库的SQL Server 2008 R2，在我的C：驱动器（快速SSD）上消耗了大约14 GB。

因为我想在C：驱动器上回收一些空间，所以我想将它们移动到D：驱动器上。

我已经找到此MSDN文章，但这似乎是仅移动一个数据库的过程。

是否有自动方式或脚本一次移动所有数据库？

sql-server  sql-server-2008-r2  alter-database 
— 生物怪胎
source

Answers:

20

我使用Powershell进行此类工作。实际上，我使用Powershell生成Powershell，因为我有一个脚本可以遍历数据库并生成最终的移动脚本。您必须一次移动一个数据库，但这至少可以帮助您编写90％的工作脚本。

#load SMO
Add-PSSnapin SqlServerCmdletSnapin100
Add-PSSnapin SqlServerProviderSnapin100
#Added line if using SQL Server 2012 or later
Import-module SQLPS
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO') | out-null

#Create server object and output filename 
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server "localhost"
$outputfile=([Environment]::GetFolderPath("MyDocuments"))+"\FileMover.ps1"

#set this for your new location
$newloc="X:\NewDBLocation"

#get your databases
$db_list=$server.Databases

#build initial script components
"Add-PSSnapin SqlServerCmdletSnapin100" > $outputfile
"Add-PSSnapin SqlServerProviderSnapin100" >> $outputfile
"Import-Module SQLPS" >> $outputfile 
"[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO') `"localhost`" | out-null" >> $outputfile
"`$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server " >> $outputfile

foreach($db_build in $db_list)
{
    #only process user databases
    if(!($db_build.IsSystemObject))
    {
        #script out all the file moves
        "#----------------------------------------------------------------------" >> $outputfile
        "`$db=`$server.Databases[`""+$db_build.Name+"`"]" >> $outputfile

        $dbchange = @()
        $robocpy =@()
        foreach ($fg in $db_build.Filegroups)
        {
            foreach($file in $fg.Files)
            {
                $shortfile=$file.Filename.Substring($file.Filename.LastIndexOf('\')+1)
                $oldloc=$file.Filename.Substring(0,$file.Filename.LastIndexOf('\'))
                $dbchange+="`$db.FileGroups[`""+$fg.Name+"`"].Files[`""+$file.Name+"`"].Filename=`"$newloc`\"+$shortfile+"`""
                $robocpy+="ROBOCOPY `"$oldloc`" `"$newloc`" $shortfile /copyall /mov"

            }
        }

        foreach($logfile in $db_build.LogFiles)
        {
            $shortfile=$logfile.Filename.Substring($logfile.Filename.LastIndexOf('\')+1)
            $oldloc=$logfile.Filename.Substring(0,$logfile.Filename.LastIndexOf('\'))
            $dbchange+="`$db.LogFiles[`""+$logfile.Name+"`"].Filename=`"$newloc`\"+$shortfile+"`""
            $robocpy+="ROBOCOPY `"$oldloc`" `"$newloc`" $shortfile /copyall /mov"
        }

        $dbchange+="`$db.Alter()" 
        $dbchange+="Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query `"ALTER DATABASE ["+$db_build.Name+"] SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;`" -Database `"master`"" 

        $dbchange >> $outputfile
        $robocpy >> $outputfile

        "Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query `"ALTER DATABASE ["+$db_build.Name+"] SET ONLINE;`" -Database `"master`""  >> $outputfile
    }
}

输出将是MyDocuments文件夹中的FileMover.ps1脚本，如下所示：

    Add-PSSnapin SqlServerCmdletSnapin100
    Add-PSSnapin SqlServerProviderSnapin100
    Import-Module SQLPS
    [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO') "localhost" | out-null
    $server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server 
    #----------------------------------------------------------------------
    $db=$server.Databases["AdventureWorks2012"]
    $db.FileGroups["PRIMARY"].Files["AdventureWorks2012_Data"].Filename="X:\NewDBLocation\AdventureWorks2012_Data.mdf"
    $db.LogFiles["AdventureWorks2012_Log"].Filename="X:\NewDBLocation\AdventureWorks2012_log.ldf"
    $db.Alter()
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query "ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012] SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;" -Database "master"
    ROBOCOPY "C:\DBData" "X:\NewDBLocation" AdventureWorks2012_Data.mdf /copyall /mov
    ROBOCOPY "C:\DBFiles\Log" "X:\NewDBLocation" AdventureWorks2012_log.ldf /copyall /mov
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query "ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012] SET ONLINE;" -Database "master"
    #----------------------------------------------------------------------
    $db=$server.Databases["AdventureWorks2012DW"]
    $db.FileGroups["PRIMARY"].Files["AdventureWorksDW2012_Data"].Filename="X:\NewDBLocation\AdventureWorksDW2012_Data.mdf"
    $db.LogFiles["AdventureWorksDW2012_Log"].Filename="X:\NewDBLocation\AdventureWorks2012DW_log.ldf"
    $db.Alter()
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query "ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012DW] SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;" -Database "master"
    ROBOCOPY "C:\DBData" "X:\NewDBLocation" AdventureWorksDW2012_Data.mdf /copyall /mov
    ROBOCOPY "C:\DBData" "X:\NewDBLocation" AdventureWorks2012DW_log.ldf /copyall /mov
    Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query "ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012DW] SET ONLINE;" -Database "master"

...

注意事项

  • 该脚本将所有文件（无论它们的源位置如何）都移到同一目标位置。您将需要调整自定义位置路径。
  • 该脚本旨在在您需要在其上移动文件的服务器上运行（请参阅localhost'的所有用法）。如果远程运行本地主机，请用实例名称替换localhost。
  • 运行该用户的用户需要访问移动中涉及的所有文件夹路径，以更新SQL Server文件名信息和移动文件。
  • 由于.SetOffline（）和.SetOnline方法的时髦特性，我将InvokeSQLCmd用于脱机/在线执行。我发现这更可靠。
— 迈克·法尔
source
@MikeFal我看到您批准了修改。由于问题是用2008R2标记的，因此添加的内容是否应该更明显（粗体或其他）？（我不知道，但是我猜想它可能在2012年以后的版本中不起作用或破坏某些功能）。
— ypercubeᵀᴹ
1
我考虑了这一点，并在SQL Server 2012 R2上运行了它-它确实使用Add-PSSnapin SqlServerCmdletSnapin100 cmdlet引发了错误，但是只要您在脚本的主要部分之前包含了Import-Module SQLPS，它就可以进行处理。流程运行。从技术上讲，应该对此进行更好的错误检查，但是我认为，这将是一个很好的快速编辑方法，可以帮助其他可能无法找到需要Import-Module SQLPS的用户（如果他们使用的是SQL Server）较新的版本。
— 乍得雷辛
1
万分感谢。小问题。robocopy文件名未在此处引用。.如果用户创建的数据库名称带有空格，则无法正常使用。
— 蒂姆·布里格姆
7

您可以使用Alter database Modify File或Detach / Attach方法。

注意：两者都需要一些停机时间，因此必须在维护时段内完成。

假设您在新驱动器上具有相同的目录结构，例如C：\ data \和D：\ Data。

-将Alter数据库与Modify方法一起使用（首选）

SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @datafile VARCHAR(255)
    ,@logfile VARCHAR(255)
    ,@dbid TINYINT
    ,@SQLText VARCHAR(max)
    ,@dbname VARCHAR(255)
    ,@sqltext1 VARCHAR(max)
    ,@SQLText2 VARCHAR(max)

--2. Prepare for modify
IF EXISTS (
        SELECT 1
        FROM tempdb..sysobjects
        WHERE NAME LIKE '%#filetable%'
        )
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #filetable
END

CREATE TABLE #filetable (
    mdf VARCHAR(255)
    ,ldf VARCHAR(255)
    ,dbid TINYINT
    ,dbname VARCHAR(100)
    ,fileid TINYINT
    ,logicalname SYSNAME
    )

--
INSERT #filetable (
    mdf
    ,dbid
    ,fileid
    ,logicalname
    )
SELECT physical_name
    ,database_id
    ,data_space_id
    ,NAME
FROM sys.master_files
WHERE data_space_id = 1

INSERT #filetable (
    ldf
    ,dbid
    ,fileid
    ,logicalname
    )
SELECT physical_name
    ,database_id
    ,data_space_id
    ,NAME
FROM sys.master_files
WHERE data_space_id = 0

UPDATE u
SET u.dbname = s.NAME
FROM #filetable u
INNER JOIN master..sysdatabases s ON u.dbid = s.dbid

UPDATE #filetable
SET mdf = replace(mdf, 'C:', 'D:')
    ,ldf = replace(ldf, 'C:', 'D:')
FROM #filetable

SELECT @dbid = min(dbid)
FROM #filetable
WHERE dbid > 4

WHILE @dbid IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQLText = 'alter database [' + dbname + '] MODIFY FILE (Name = ' + logicalname + ' , FileName = N''' + ldf + ''');'
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = convert(VARCHAR, @dbid)
        AND fileid = 0 -- Log file

    PRINT @SQLText

    --Exec(@SQLText)
    SELECT @SQLText2 = 'alter database [' + dbname + '] MODIFY FILE (Name = ' + logicalname + ' , FileName = N''' + mdf + ''');'
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = convert(VARCHAR, @dbid)
        AND fileid = 1 -- data file

    PRINT @SQLText2

    --Exec(@SQLText)
    SELECT @dbid = min(dbid)
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid > 4
        AND dbid > @dbid
END

---使用Old Detach / Attach方法（不是首选方法，但仍然有人使用它。不幸的是，我最近在NON产品服务器上使用了它）。

DECLARE @datafile VARCHAR(255)
    ,@logfile VARCHAR(255)
    ,@dbid TINYINT
    ,@SQLText VARCHAR(8000)
    ,@dbname VARCHAR(255)
    ,@SQLText2 VARCHAR(8000)

--2. Detach All Local Databases and prepare for Attach
IF EXISTS (
        SELECT 1
        FROM tempdb..sysobjects
        WHERE NAME LIKE '%#filetable%'
        )
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #filetable
END

CREATE TABLE #filetable (
    mdf VARCHAR(255)
    ,ldf VARCHAR(255)
    ,dbid TINYINT
    ,dbname VARCHAR(100)
    ,fileid TINYINT
    )

--
INSERT #filetable (
    mdf
    ,dbid
    ,fileid
    )
SELECT physical_name
    ,database_id
    ,data_space_id
FROM sys.master_files
WHERE data_space_id = 1

INSERT #filetable (
    ldf
    ,dbid
    ,fileid
    )
SELECT physical_name
    ,database_id
    ,data_space_id
FROM sys.master_files
WHERE data_space_id = 0

UPDATE u
SET u.dbname = s.NAME
FROM #filetable u
INNER JOIN master..sysdatabases s ON u.dbid = s.dbid

UPDATE #filetable
SET mdf = replace(mdf, 'C:', 'D:')
    ,ldf = replace(ldf, 'C:', 'D:')
FROM #filetable

SELECT @dbid = min(dbid)
FROM #filetable
WHERE dbid > 4

WHILE @dbid IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQLText = 'alter database [' + dbname + ']'
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = convert(VARCHAR, @dbid)

    SELECT @SQLText = @SQLText + CHAR(10) + ' set single_user with rollback immediate;'

    SELECT @SQLText = @SQLText + CHAR(10) + ' exec master..sp_detach_db ' + dbname
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = convert(VARCHAR, @dbid)

    PRINT @SQLText

    --Exec(@SQLText)
    SELECT @SQLText2 = 'exec master..sp_attach_db ''' + dbname + ''''
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = @dbid

    SELECT @SQLText2 = @SQLText2 + ',''' + mdf + ''''
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = @dbid
        AND mdf IS NOT NULL

    SELECT @SQLText2 = @SQLText2 + ',''' + ldf + ''''
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid = @dbid
        AND ldf IS NOT NULL

    PRINT @SQLText2

    --Exec(@SQLText)
    SELECT @dbid = min(dbid)
    FROM #filetable
    WHERE dbid > 4
        AND dbid > @dbid
END

DROP TABLE #filetable
— 金沙
source
6

我知道一次执行多个数据库的唯一方法是一次编写多个数据库的移动脚本。

ALTER DATABASE database_nameA SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
ALTER DATABASE database_nameB SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
ALTER DATABASE database_nameC SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
-------

在这里，您可以手动移动文件，也可以编写脚本来完成。可能使用xp_cmdshell或某些工具。不过，手动移动文件可能更容易。标记一堆，然后拖放。

-------
ALTER DATABASE database_nameA MODIFY FILE ( NAME = logical_name, FILENAME = 'new_path\os_file_name' );
ALTER DATABASE database_nameB MODIFY FILE ( NAME = logical_name, FILENAME = 'new_path\os_file_name' );
ALTER DATABASE database_nameC MODIFY FILE ( NAME = logical_name, FILENAME = 'new_path\os_file_name' );

ALTER DATABASE database_nameA SET ONLINE;
ALTER DATABASE database_nameB SET ONLINE;
ALTER DATABASE database_nameC SET ONLINE;

当然，如果移动数据文件和日志文件，则必须确保对每个部分都执行“修改文件”部分。

— 肯尼斯·费舍尔
source
0 
------------------------------
--erezbensimon@gmail.com - July 2016


use master;
go 

SET NOCOUNT ON

print '----------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
print '--Script for Moving Multiple database files to a new drive / ' + CONVERT(varchar(256),getdate() )
print '----------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
print ''


DECLARE @dbname nvarchar(128)
DECLARE @DestPath nvarchar(256)


--Set here the new destination path of the file
set @DestPath =  'T:\Data\'

------------------------------------------------
--Filter: HD Databases
------------------------------------------------
DECLARE DBList_cursor CURSOR FOR 

Select name from sys.databases

--where name like '<FIlter Something>'

----------------------------------------------

OPEN DBList_cursor

FETCH NEXT FROM DBList_cursor 
 INTO @dbname

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

  declare @output_script varchar(max) --Output of the generated script
  declare @mdf_orig_path nvarchar(256) --Original datbase file path
  declare @cmdstring nvarchar(256) --Command String
  declare @CursorDeclare varchar(max) --Cursor declaration command
  declare @Originalfilename varchar(max) -- local @CursorDeclare command
  declare @filename varchar(max) -- local @CursorDeclare command
  declare @LogicalFileaame varchar(max) -- Logical FileName

  --Set null into @output script
  set @output_script=''
  --Generate Databse Cursor declaration command
  set @CursorDeclare='DECLARE DBFiles_cursor CURSOR FOR select [filename], [name] from '+ @dbname + '.sys.sysfiles'
  --Cursor Declaration
  execute (@CursorDeclare) 


  OPEN DBFiles_cursor
  FETCH NEXT FROM DBFiles_cursor INTO @filename, @LogicalFileaame

  --For RollBack Option
  select @Originalfilename = @filename

  --Modify Physical FileName
  if (@filename like '%.mdf') begin 
         select @mdf_orig_path = @filename
          IF(CHARINDEX('\', @filename) > 0)
          select @filename = RIGHT(@filename, CHARINDEX('\', REVERSE(@filename)) -1) 

         select @filename = @DestPath + @filename
         select @cmdstring = ' ''copy' + ' ' + '"'+ @mdf_orig_path + '"' + ' ' + '"' + @filename +'"' + ''''
  --Get Logical FileNAme


  end




print CHAR(10)
print '-----------------------------------------'
print  @dbname 
print '-----------------------------------------'
print CHAR(10)
print 'print  ''Start'' + CONVERT(varchar(256), getdate() ) '
print '---Offline Database' + @dbname      
print 'ALTER DATABASE ' + @dbname + ' SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE' + CHAR(10) + 'GO'
print 'exec master..xp_cmdshell' + ' ' + @cmdstring + CHAR(10)
print '--For RollBack Use this:ALTER DATABASE ' + @dbname +' MODIFY FILE ( NAME =' + @LogicalFileaame +', FILENAME =' + @Originalfilename + ')' + CHAR(10)
print 'ALTER DATABASE ' + @dbname +' MODIFY FILE ( NAME =' + @LogicalFileaame +', FILENAME =' + '''' + @DestPath + @dbname + '.mdf'' )' +CHAR(10)


print '---ONline Database' + @dbname
print 'ALTER DATABASE ' + @dbname + ' SET ONLINE WITH
ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
GO' 

  WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
  BEGIN   
   set @output_script=@output_script+' (FILENAME = '''+ @filename +'''),' 
      FETCH NEXT FROM DBFiles_cursor INTO @filename, @LogicalFileaame
  END

set @output_script=SUBSTRING(@output_script,0,len(@output_script))

CLOSE DBFiles_cursor
DEALLOCATE DBFiles_cursor

FETCH NEXT FROM DBList_cursor 
INTO @dbname

END 


CLOSE DBList_cursor
DEALLOCATE DBList_cursor
— 埃雷兹·本·西蒙
source
您应该格式化代码（=> dba.stackexchange.com/help/formatting）并添加一些单词，以解释它如何回答问题...（=> dba.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer）
— 朱利安·瓦瓦瑟
0

该脚本将返回一批可以运行的语句。

SELECT d.name as db, f.name, physical_name, f.state_desc,
'ALTER DATABASE ['+d.name+'] MODIFY FILE (name='''+f.name+''' ,filename='''+replace(physical_name,'C:\database','D:\whatever')+'''); ' as DetachCommand,
'ALTER DATABASE ['+d.name+'] SET ONLINE' as ReattachCommand
from sys.master_files f 
inner join sys.databases d on d.database_id=f.database_id
— 麦克·尼尔森
source
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