没有PARTITION BY的ROW_NUMBER（）仍会生成细分迭代器

我正在写我即将发表的有关排名和聚合窗口函数的博客文章，特别是Segment和Sequence Project迭代器。据我了解，Segment会识别流中构成组末尾的行，因此请执行以下查询：

SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY someGroup ORDER BY someOrder)

将使用Segment来区分某行何时属于上一行以外的其他组。然后，Sequence Project迭代器根据Segment迭代器输出的输出进行实际的行号计算。

但是，使用该逻辑的以下查询不必包含细分，因为没有分区表达式。

SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY someGroup, someOrder)

但是，当我尝试此假设时，这两个查询都使用Segment运算符。唯一的区别是第二个查询不需要GroupBy在细分上输入。难道不是一开始就不需要细分吗？

例

CREATE TABLE dbo.someTable (
    someGroup   int NOT NULL,
    someOrder   int NOT NULL,
    someValue   numeric(8, 2) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (someGroup, someOrder)
);

--- Query 1:
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY someGroup ORDER BY someOrder)
FROM dbo.someTable;

--- Query 2:
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY someGroup, someOrder)
FROM dbo.someTable;

我发现这个6岁的博客文章提到了相同的行为。

ROW_NUMBER()无论是否PARTITION BY使用，似乎总是包括一个段运算符。如果我不得不猜测，那是因为它使在引擎上创建查询计划更加容易。

如果在大多数情况下都需要该细分，并且在不需要该细分的情况下，这实际上是零成本的非操作，那么在使用开窗功能时始终将其包括在计划中会容易得多。

根据执行计划的showplan.xsd，GroupBy出现时没有minOccurs或没有maxOccurs属性，因此默认为[1..1]，使元素为必选元素，而不一定是内容。ColumnReference类型（ColumnReferenceType）的子元素具有minOccurs0，并且是maxOccurs无界的[0 .. *]，使其成为可选元素，因此是允许的空元素。如果您手动尝试删除GroupBy和强制执行计划，则会出现预期的错误：

Msg 6965, Level 16, State 1, Line 29
XML Validation: Invalid content. Expected element(s): '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan}GroupBy','{http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan}DefinedValues','{http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan}InternalInfo'. Found: element '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan}SegmentColumn' instead. Location: /*:ShowPlanXML[1]/*:BatchSequence[1]/*:Batch[1]/*:Statements[1]/*:StmtSimple[1]/*:QueryPlan[1]/*:RelOp[1]/*:SequenceProject[1]/*:RelOp[1]/*:Segment[1]/*:SegmentColumn[1].

有趣的是，我发现您可以手动删除Segment运算符以获得有效的强制计划，如下所示：

但是，当您使用（使用OPTION ( USE PLAN ... )）运行该计划时，分段运算符就会神奇地重新出现。只是说明优化器仅将XML计划作为粗略指南。

我的测试台：

USE tempdb
GO
SET NOCOUNT ON
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.someTable') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.someTable
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.someTable (
    someGroup   int NOT NULL,
    someOrder   int NOT NULL,
    someValue   numeric(8, 2) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (someGroup, someOrder)
);
GO

-- Generate some dummy data
;WITH cte AS (
SELECT TOP 1000 ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY ( SELECT 1 ) ) rn
FROM master.sys.columns c1
    CROSS JOIN master.sys.columns c2
    CROSS JOIN master.sys.columns c3
)
INSERT INTO dbo.someTable ( someGroup, someOrder, someValue )
SELECT rn % 333, rn % 444, rn % 55
FROM cte
GO


-- Try and force the plan
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY someGroup, someOrder)
FROM dbo.someTable
OPTION ( USE PLAN N'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<ShowPlanXML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" Version="1.2" Build="12.0.2000.8" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan">
  <BatchSequence>
    <Batch>
      <Statements>
        <StmtSimple StatementCompId="1" StatementEstRows="1000" StatementId="1" StatementOptmLevel="TRIVIAL" CardinalityEstimationModelVersion="120" StatementSubTreeCost="0.00596348" StatementText="SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY someGroup, someOrder)&#xD;&#xA;FROM dbo.someTable" StatementType="SELECT" QueryHash="0x193176312402B8E7" QueryPlanHash="0x77F1D72C455025A4" RetrievedFromCache="true">
          <StatementSetOptions ANSI_NULLS="true" ANSI_PADDING="true" ANSI_WARNINGS="true" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="true" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false" QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="true" />
          <QueryPlan DegreeOfParallelism="1" CachedPlanSize="16" CompileTime="0" CompileCPU="0" CompileMemory="88">
            <OptimizerHardwareDependentProperties EstimatedAvailableMemoryGrant="131072" EstimatedPagesCached="65536" EstimatedAvailableDegreeOfParallelism="4" />
            <RelOp AvgRowSize="15" EstimateCPU="8E-05" EstimateIO="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="1000" LogicalOp="Compute Scalar" NodeId="0" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Sequence Project" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00596348">
              <OutputList>
                <ColumnReference Column="Expr1002" />
              </OutputList>
              <SequenceProject>
                <DefinedValues>
                  <DefinedValue>
                    <ColumnReference Column="Expr1002" />
                    <ScalarOperator ScalarString="row_number">
                      <Sequence FunctionName="row_number" />
                    </ScalarOperator>
                  </DefinedValue>
                </DefinedValues>

                <!-- Segment operator completely removed from plan -->
                <!--<RelOp AvgRowSize="15" EstimateCPU="2E-05" EstimateIO="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="1000" LogicalOp="Segment" NodeId="1" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Segment" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00588348">
                  <OutputList>
                    <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someGroup" />
                    <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someOrder" />
                    <ColumnReference Column="Segment1003" />
                  </OutputList>
                  <Segment>
                    <GroupBy />
                    <SegmentColumn>
                      <ColumnReference Column="Segment1003" />
                    </SegmentColumn>-->


                    <RelOp AvgRowSize="15" EstimateCPU="0.001257" EstimateIO="0.00460648" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="1000" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" NodeId="0" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00586348" TableCardinality="1000">
                      <OutputList>
                        <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someGroup" />
                        <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someOrder" />
                      </OutputList>
                      <IndexScan Ordered="true" ScanDirection="FORWARD" ForcedIndex="false" ForceSeek="false" ForceScan="false" NoExpandHint="false" Storage="RowStore">
                        <DefinedValues>
                          <DefinedValue>
                            <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someGroup" />
                          </DefinedValue>
                          <DefinedValue>
                            <ColumnReference Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Column="someOrder" />
                          </DefinedValue>
                        </DefinedValues>
                        <Object Database="[tempdb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[someTable]" Index="[PK__someTabl__7CD03C8950FF62C1]" IndexKind="Clustered" Storage="RowStore" />
                      </IndexScan>
                    </RelOp>

                <!--</Segment>
                </RelOp>-->
              </SequenceProject>
            </RelOp>

          </QueryPlan>
        </StmtSimple>
      </Statements>
    </Batch>
  </BatchSequence>
</ShowPlanXML>' )

从测试装备中切出XML计划，并将其另存为.sqlplan，以查看该计划减去该细分后的结果。

PS：我不会花太多时间手动修改SQL计划，就像您了解我一样，您会知道我认为这是耗时的忙碌工作，而我却永远不会做。哦，等等！:)