使用相同的项目列表执行多个Ansible任务

我正在使用ansible剧本来为站点列表配置Apache。剧本必须将每个站点的虚拟主机配置模板复制到位，然后使用a2ensite以下命令启用每个站点：

- name: Install apache site conf
  template: src=apache-sites-{{item}}-conf.j2 dest=/etc/apache2/sites-available/{{item}}.conf mode=0644
  with_items:
  - sitea
  - siteb
  - sitec
  - sited
- name: Enable site apache conf
  command: a2ensite {{item}}
  args:
    creates: /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/{{item}}.conf
  with_items:
  - sitea
  - siteb
  - sitec
  - sited

我不想为每个任务重复相同的列表。如何配置剧本以执行具有相同项目列表的两个任务？

制作单独的任务文件make_site.yml：

---
- name: Install apache site conf
  template:
    src: apache-sites-{{ site }}-conf.j2
    dest: /etc/apache2/sites-available/{{ site }}.conf
    mode: 0644

- name: Enable site apache conf
  command: a2ensite {{ site }}
  args:
    creates: /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/{{ site }}.conf

在您的剧本中：

- include_tasks: make_site.yml
  with_items:
    - sitea
    - siteb
    - sitec
    - sited
  loop_control:
    loop_var: site

我找到了使用文件组的解决方案。由于每个站点都有一个配置文件，因此我可以简单地使用这些文件的列表来遍历所有这些文件。这样，即使在一次任务文件中，我也没有站点列表，更不用说两次了。添加站点所需要做的就是添加文件。

为了使事情变得容易一些，我为模板创建了一个目录：

• roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/sitea.conf.j2
• roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/siteb.conf.j2
• roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/sitec.conf.j2
• roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/sited.conf.j2

然后，roles/webserver/tasks/main.yml我可以使用该文件列表和一些正则表达式：

---
- block:
  - name: Install apache site conf
    template: src={{item}} dest=/etc/apache2/sites-available/{{item|regex_replace(".*/","")|regex_replace("\.j2$","")}} mode=0644
    with_fileglob:
    - "roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/*"
  - name: Enable site apache conf
    command: a2ensite {{item|regex_replace(".*/","")|regex_replace("\.conf\.j2$","")}}
    args:
      creates: /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/{{item|regex_replace(".*/","")|regex_replace("\.j2$","")}}
    with_fileglob:
    - "roles/webserver/templates/apache-sites/*"
  become: yes

该技术甚至可以与空的虚拟文件一起使用，以创建其他应用程序的列表。

康斯坦丁给出了一个很好的答案。这是它的另一种风味。

我通常将列表定义为变量，并在同一变量上编写两个单独的循环：

┌─[jamesph@geror] - [~/temp] - [Sat Jan 13, 10:06]
└─[$]> cat loops-1.yml
- hosts: localhost
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    menu:
      - Egg and Spam
      - Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam
      - Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam
  tasks:
    - debug:
        msg: "We have {{ item }}"
      with_items: "{{ menu }}"
    - debug:
        msg: "I love {{ item }}!"
      with_items: "{{ menu }}"
┌─[jamesph@geror] - [~/temp] - [Sat Jan 13, 10:06]
└─[$]> ansible-playbook loops-1.yml
 [WARNING]: Unable to parse /etc/ansible/hosts as an inventory source

 [WARNING]: No inventory was parsed, only implicit localhost is available

 [WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: all

 [WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available


PLAY [localhost] **********************************************************************************************************************

TASK [debug] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => (item=Egg and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Egg and Spam",
    "msg": "We have Egg and Spam"
}
ok: [localhost] => (item=Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam",
    "msg": "We have Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam"
}
ok: [localhost] => (item=Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam",
    "msg": "We have Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam"
}

TASK [debug] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => (item=Egg and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Egg and Spam",
    "msg": "I love Egg and Spam!"
}
ok: [localhost] => (item=Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam",
    "msg": "I love Spam, bacon, sausage and Spam!"
}
ok: [localhost] => (item=Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam) => {
    "changed": false,
    "item": "Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam",
    "msg": "I love Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, baked beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam!"
}

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

这可以很好地与变量优先级配合使用，例如通过为每个环境定义不同的服务器集。当您需要在两个循环之间执行各种其他非循环任务时，它也可以工作。