LibGDX使相机保持在TiledMap的范围内

我有一个简单的TiledMap，可以很好地渲染它。我有一个玩家在跳来跳去（使用Box2D），而我的相机跟随着该玩家：

cam.position.set(
    player.position().x * Game.PPM + Game.V_WIDTH / 4,
    player.position().y * Game.PPM,
    0
);
cam.update();

但是，摄像机将“移出” TiledMap。如何将相机保持在TiledMap上，所以当我靠近地图边缘时，相机停止滚动，并且播放器移向相机边缘？

好了，所以您在这里使用两个矩形。其中较大的静态对象（地图）和较小的活动对象（相机）。您想要的是不要让较小矩形的边界移到较大矩形的内部边界之外。

// These values likely need to be scaled according to your world coordinates.
// The left boundary of the map (x)
int mapLeft = 0;
// The right boundary of the map (x + width)
int mapRight = 0 + map.getWidth();
// The bottom boundary of the map (y)
int mapBottom = 0;
// The top boundary of the map (y + height)
int mapTop = 0 + map.getHeight();
// The camera dimensions, halved
float cameraHalfWidth = cam.viewportWidth * .5f;
float cameraHalfHeight = cam.viewportHeight * .5f;

// Move camera after player as normal

float cameraLeft = cam.position.x - cameraHalfWidth;
float cameraRight = cam.position.x + cameraHalfWidth;
float cameraBottom = cam.position.y - cameraHalfHeight;
float cameraTop = cam.position.y + cameraHalfHeight;

// Horizontal axis
if(map.getWidth() < cam.viewportWidth)
{
    cam.position.x = mapRight / 2;
}
else if(cameraLeft <= mapLeft)
{
    cam.position.x = mapLeft + cameraHalfWidth;
}
else if(cameraRight >= mapRight)
{
    cam.position.x = mapRight - cameraHalfWidth;
}

// Vertical axis
if(map.getHeight() < cam.viewportHeight)
{
    cam.position.y = mapTop / 2;
}
else if(cameraBottom <= mapBottom)
{
    cam.position.y = mapBottom + cameraHalfHeight;
}
else if(cameraTop >= mapTop)
{
    cam.position.y = mapTop - cameraHalfHeight;
}

因此逻辑很简单。将小盒子放在大盒子里。一旦您了解了这个主意，就可以随意折叠该代码。如果愿意，您甚至可以在相机位置跟踪中将其移动到一系列嵌套的Min / Max语句中。

您可以像这样轻松地将相机位置固定在地图边界上：

camera.position.x = MathUtils.clamp(camera.position.x, camViewportHalfX, mapWidth - camViewportHalfX);
camera.position.y = MathUtils.clamp(camera.position.y, camViewportHalfY, mapHeight - camViewportHalfY);

要移动Camera的TiledMap界限，OrthogonalTiledMapRenderer被使用。

我还注意到它的行为异常：Camera到达地图边界时，平铺的地图会像惯性一样将某些像素移得太远（取决于滑动的速度）。

作为解决方案，每次Camera移动都Camera被强制置于地图范围内。参见putInMapBounds()方法。

为避免TiledMap渲染出现毛刺，请使用Math.min(float, float)。

使用此侦听器来处理您的Camera：

/**
 * @author Gram <gram7gram@gmail.com>
 */
public class CameraListener extends InputAdapter {

    private final UIStage stage;
    private final Camera camera;
    private final Vector3 curr;
    private final Vector3 last;
    private final Vector3 delta;
    private final int mapWidth;
    private final int mapHeight;

    public CameraListener(UIStage stage) {
        this.stage = stage;
        this.camera = stage.getViewport().getCamera();

        curr = new Vector3();
        last = new Vector3(-1, -1, -1);
        delta = new Vector3();

        TiledMapTileLayer layer = stage.getLevel().getMap().getFirstLayer();
        mapWidth = layer.getWidth() * DDGame.TILE_HEIGHT;
        mapHeight = layer.getHeight() * DDGame.TILE_HEIGHT;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean touchDragged(int x, int y, int pointer) {

        camera.unproject(curr.set(x, y, 0));

        if (!(last.x == -1 && last.y == -1 && last.z == -1)) {
            camera.unproject(delta.set(last.x, last.y, 0));
            delta.sub(curr);
            camera.translate(Math.min(delta.x, 5), Math.min(delta.y, 5), 0);
            if (isInMapBounds()) {
                stage.moveBy(Math.min(delta.x, 5), Math.min(delta.y, 5));
            }
        }

        last.set(x, y, 0);

        putInMapBounds();

        return false;
    }


    private boolean isInMapBounds() {

        return camera.position.x >= camera.viewportWidth / 2f
                && camera.position.x <= mapWidth - camera.viewportWidth / 2f
                && camera.position.y >= camera.viewportHeight / 2f
                && camera.position.y <= mapHeight - camera.viewportHeight / 2f;

    }

    private void putInMapBounds() {

        if (camera.position.x < camera.viewportWidth / 2f)
            camera.position.x = camera.viewportWidth / 2f;
        else if (camera.position.x > mapWidth - camera.viewportWidth / 2f)
            camera.position.x = mapWidth - camera.viewportWidth / 2f;

        if (camera.position.y < camera.viewportHeight / 2f)
            camera.position.y = camera.viewportHeight / 2f;
        else if (camera.position.y > mapHeight - camera.viewportHeight / 2f)
            camera.position.y = mapHeight - camera.viewportHeight / 2f;

        stage.moveTo(
                camera.position.x,
                camera.position.y);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean touchUp(int x, int y, int pointer, int button) {
        last.set(-1, -1, -1);
        Log.info("Camera at " + camera.position.x + ":" + camera.position.y);
        return false;
    }
}

如果您有足够的缩放系数，我发现它可以更好地工作：

public void fixBounds() {
    float scaledViewportWidthHalfExtent = viewportWidth * zoom * 0.5f;
    float scaledViewportHeightHalfExtent = viewportHeight * zoom * 0.5f;

    // Horizontal
    if (position.x < scaledViewportWidthHalfExtent)
        position.x = scaledViewportWidthHalfExtent;
    else if (position.x > xmax - scaledViewportWidthHalfExtent)
        position.x = xmax - scaledViewportWidthHalfExtent;

    // Vertical
    if (position.y < scaledViewportHeightHalfExtent)
        position.y = scaledViewportHeightHalfExtent;
    else if (position.y > ymax - scaledViewportHeightHalfExtent)
        position.y = ymax - scaledViewportHeightHalfExtent;
}