Answers:
来自人口普查局的TIGER数据可从http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/获得。
有点老，但是有帮助。
http://www.census.gov/geo/cob/bdy/cc/cc00shp/cc99_d00_shp.zip
检查TIGER / Line文件。您想为每个州寻找“放置”层，您可以通过选择每个州在基于国家的shapefile下进行细化。或者，对于2012版本，您可以从此页面获取所有状态。
获取数据
您可以在此处获取美国人口普查位置数据，其中包括城市。
例如，可在此处获取罗德岛州的2017年地点数据。
为了便于批量下载，2017年场所数据的完整列表为：
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_01_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_02_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_04_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_05_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_06_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_08_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_09_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_10_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_11_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_12_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_13_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_15_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_16_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_17_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_18_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_19_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_20_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_21_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_22_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_23_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_24_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_25_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_26_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_27_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_28_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_29_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_30_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_31_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_32_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_33_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_34_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_35_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_36_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_37_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_38_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_39_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_40_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_41_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_42_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_44_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_45_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_46_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_47_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_48_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_49_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_50_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_51_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_53_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_54_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_55_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_56_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_60_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_66_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_69_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_72_place.zip
https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/PLACE/tl_2017_78_place.zip
解释数据
可在此处获得2017年美国人口普查数据的技术文档。我是通过在Google上搜索“ namelsad classfp”（先前获取的shapefile中的异常字段名称）找到的。
在文件中搜索“ _place”（带下划线），以查找先前获取的shapefile中字段的含义。这些是：
Field Length Type Description
STATEFP 2 String Current state FIPS code
PLACEFP 5 String Current place FIPS code
PLACENS 8 String Current place GNIS code
GEOID 7 String Place identifier; a concatenation of the current state FIPS code and place FIPS code
NAME 100 String Current place name
NAMELSAD 100 String Current name and the translated legal/statistical area description for place
LSAD 2 String Current legal/statistical area description code for place
CLASSFP 2 String Current FIPS class code
PCICBSA 1 String Current metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area principal city indicator
PCINECTA 1 String Current New England city and town area principal city indicator
MTFCC 5 String G4110 (incorporated place) and G4210 (census designated place)
FUNCSTAT 1 String Current functional status
ALAND 14 Number Current land area
AWATER 14 Number Current water area
INTPTLAT 11 String Current latitude of the internal point
INTPTLON 12 String Current longitude of the internal poin
然后，您将想知道该CLASSFP列的值。这些在这里可用。一些相关的是：
C1 An incorporated place that is governmentally active, is not related to an
Alaska Native village statistical area (ANVSA), and does not serve as a
minor civil division (MCD) equivalent.
C2 Incorporated place that also serves as a minor civil division (MCD)
equivalent because, although the place is coextensive with an MCD, the U.S.
Census Bureau, in agreement with state officials, does not recognize that
MCD for presenting census data because the MCD cannot provide governmental
services (applies to Iowa and Ohio only).
C3 Incorporated place that is a consolidated city.
C5 Incorporated place that also serves as a minor civil division (MCD)
equivalent because it is not part of any MCD or a county subdivision
classified as Z5.
C6 Incorporated place that coincides with or approximates an Alaska Native
village statistical area (ANVSA).
C7 An incorporated place that is an independent city; that is, it also
serves as a county equivalent because it is not part of any county and a
minor civil division (MCD) equivalent because it is not part of any MCD.
C8 The portion ("balance") of a consolidated city that excludes the
separately incorporated place(s) within that jurisdiction.
C9 An incorporated place whose government is operationally inactive and is
not included in any other C subclass.
U1 Census designated place (CDP) with a name that is commonly recognized for
the populated area, and designated as a populated place by the U.S.
Geological Survey.
U2 Census designated place (CDP) with a name that is not commonly recognized
for the populated area (e.g., a combination of the names of two or three
commonly recognized communities, or a name that identifies the location of
the CDP in relation to an adjacent incorporated place).
U9 A census designated place (CDP) that coincides with, or approximates, an
Alaska Native Village Statistical Area (ANVSA).
http://www.nws.noaa.gov/geodata/catalog/national/html/cities.htm
该文件很大，但是我想可以根据需要对其进行裁剪。