这是stackoverflow的一个交叉点。我对GIS软件了解甚少，如果这是一个太基本的问题，我会预先在R. Apologies中进行所有映射。假设我有两个来自不同来源但具有不同属性的shapefile。可以说，一个是德克萨斯州的行政边界（boundaries.shp），另一个是德克萨斯州河流的（rivers.shp）。我还有第三个文件towns.csv显示州内城镇的位置。读完文件后，我可以在maptools包装的相似边界上绘制城镇位置图：
plot(boundaries); points(towns$lon, towns$lat)但是，如何重叠所有三个呢？当然有一个简单的方法可以做到吗？
Answers:
PBSMapping应该适合您的需求。NCEAS上有一个教程。下面的代码改编自该教程。我正在假设您的数据顺便说一句。请根据您的情况进行适当的编辑。
library(PBSmapping)
#prepare towns
pts <- read.csv("towns.csv")
towns <- points(towns$lon, towns$lat)
# read in shapefiles
rivers <- importShapefile("rivers.shp")
boundaries <- importShapefile("boundaries.shp")
# note that importShapefile reads the .prj file if it exists, but it
# does not adopt the proj4 format used by the above approaches
proj.abbr <- attr(boundaries, "projection") # abbreviated projection info
proj.full <- attr(boundaries, "prj") # full projection info
print(proj.abbr)
# [1] "LL"
# generate map using PBSmapping plotting functions
plotPolys(boundaries, projection=proj.abbr, border="gray",
xlab="Longitude", ylab="Latitude")
addPoints(towns, pch=20, cex=0.8)
addLines(rivers, col="blue", lwd=2.0)覆盖两个图的最简单方法是使用中的add = TRUE选项plot。这是人工数据的例子
# Load sp package for creating artificial data
library(sp)
# Create sample town points
towns <- data.frame(lon = sample(100), lat = sample(100))
towns <- SpatialPoints(towns)
# Create sample polygon grid
grd <- GridTopology(c(1,1), c(10,10), c(10,10))
polys <- as.SpatialPolygons.GridTopology(grd)
# Plot polygons
plot(polys)
# Add towns (in red colour)
plot(towns, add = TRUE, col = 'red')