如何轻松移动向量数据集中的所有特征？

假设我将一个Shapefile放在一起，所有要素的顶点都移动了恒定量。转移所有特征的最简单方法是什么（因此（x，y），其顶点位置）进行任意偏移？我有很多文件要应用此更正，因此首选Bash / OGR答案:)

最后，我最终使用了Spatialite，因为它具有不错的功能ShiftCoords。但是，该线程非常有用！谢谢大家！

使用JEQL这可以通过三行完成：

ShapefileReader t file: "shapefile.shp";
out = select * except (GEOMETRY), Geom.translate(GEOMETRY,100,100) from t;
ShapefileWriter out file: "ahapefile_shift.shp";

我设计了Fiona（OGR包装器）来简化这种处理。

from fiona import collection
import logging

log = logging.getLogger()

# A few functions to shift coords. They call eachother semi-recursively.
def shiftCoords_Point(coords, delta):
    # delta is a (delta_x, delta_y [, delta_y]) tuple
    return tuple(c + d for c, d in zip(coords, delta))

def shiftCoords_LineString(coords, delta):
    return list(shiftCoords_Point(pt_coords, delta) for pt_coords in coords)

def shiftCoords_Polygon(coords, delta):
    return list(
        shiftCoords_LineString(ring_coords, delta) for ring_coords in coords)

# We'll use a map of these functions in the processing code below.
shifters = {
    'Point': shiftCoords_Point,
    'LineString': shiftCoords_LineString,
    'Polygon': shiftCoords_Polygon }

# Example 2D shift, 1 unit eastward and northward
delta = (1.0, 1.0)

with collection("original.shp", "r") as source:

    # Create a sink for processed features with the same format and 
    # coordinate reference system as the source.
    with collection(
            "shifted.shp", 
            "w",
            driver=source.driver,
            schema=source.schema,
            crs=source.crs
            ) as sink:

        for rec in source:
            try:
                g = rec['geometry']
                g['coordinates'] = shifters[g['type']](
                    g['coordinates'], delta )
                rec['geometry'] = g
                sink.write(rec)
            except Exception, e:
                log.exception("Error processing record %s:", rec)

更新：我在http://sgillies.net/blog/1128/geoprocessing-for-hipsters-translator-features上放置了该脚本的另一个更严格的版本。

尽管该帖子用python标记，但由于已经提到了JEQL，因此下面是一个JavaScript示例（使用GeoScript）。

/**
 * Shift all coords in all features for all layers in some directory
 */

var Directory = require("geoscript/workspace").Directory;
var Layer = require("geoscript/layer").Layer;

// offset for all geometry coords
var dx = dy = 10;

var dir = Directory("./data");
dir.names.forEach(function(name) {
    var orig = dir.get(name);
    var shifted = Layer({
        schema: orig.schema.clone({name: name + "-shifted"})
    });
    orig.features.forEach(function(feature) {
        var clone = feature.clone();
        clone.geometry = feature.geometry.transform({dx: dx, dy: dy});
        shifted.add(clone);
    });
    dir.add(shifted);
});

使用使用SQLite和SpatiaLite编译的GDAL> = 1.10.0：

ogr2ogr data_shifted.shp data.shp -dialect sqlite -sql "SELECT ShiftCoords(geometry,1,10) FROM data"

其中shiftX = 1和shiftY = 10。

GRASS GIS v.edit模块：

假定匹配投影中存在现有位置和地图集。

在shell脚本中：

#!/bin/bash

for file in `ls | grep \.shp$ | sed 's/\.shp$//g'`
do
    v.in.ogr dsn=./${file}.shp output=$file
    v.edit map=$file tool=move move=1,1 where="1=1"
    v.out.ogr input=$file type=point,line,boundary,area dsn=./${file}_edit.shp
done

或在Python脚本中：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
from grass.script import core as grass

for file in os.listdir("."):
    if file.endswith(".shp"):
        f = file.replace(".shp","")
        grass.run_command("v.in.ogr", dsn=file, output=f)
        grass.run_command("v.edit", map=f, tool="move", move="1,1", where="1=1")
        grass.run_command("v.out.ogr", input=f, type="point,line,boundary,area", dsn="./%s_moved.shp" % f)

另一个选择是仅在ogr2ogr中使用重投影选项，这肯定比JEQL，Fiona或GeoScript方法更骇人，但仍然有效。请注意，只要在s_srs和t_srs中使用的投影之间发生变化的唯一错误是虚假的向东和向北，则from和to投影就不必真正是原始shapefile的实际投影。在此示例中，我仅使用Google Mercator。我确信有一个更简单的坐标系可以用作基础，但是这个正好在我面前进行复制/粘贴。

ogr2ogr -s_srs EPSG:900913 -t_srs 'PROJCS["Google Mercator",GEOGCS["WGS 84",DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137.0,298.257223563,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.017453292519943295],AXIS["Geodetic latitude",NORTH],AXIS["Geodetic longitude",EAST],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]],PROJECTION["Mercator_1SP"],PARAMETER["semi_minor",6378137.0],PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0.0],PARAMETER["central_meridian",0.0],PARAMETER["scale_factor",1.0],PARAMETER["false_easting",1000.0],PARAMETER["false_northing",1000.0],UNIT["m",1.0],AXIS["Easting",EAST],AXIS["Northing",NORTH],AUTHORITY["EPSG","900913"]]' -f "ESRI Shapefile" shift.shp original.shp

或者，要保存键入/粘贴内容，请将以下内容保存到projcs.txt（与上面相同，但删除了单引号）：

-s_srs EPSG:900913 -t_srs PROJCS["Google Mercator",GEOGCS["WGS 84",DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137.0,298.257223563,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.017453292519943295],AXIS["Geodetic latitude",NORTH],AXIS["Geodetic longitude",EAST],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]],PROJECTION["Mercator_1SP"],PARAMETER["semi_minor",6378137.0],PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0.0],PARAMETER["central_meridian",0.0],PARAMETER["scale_factor",1.0],PARAMETER["false_easting",1000.0],PARAMETER["false_northing",1000.0],UNIT["m",1.0],AXIS["Easting",EAST],AXIS["Northing",NORTH],AUTHORITY["EPSG","900913"]]

然后运行：

ogr2ogr --optfile projcs.txt shifted.shp input.shp

使用包maptools及其elide函数的R选项：

shift.xy <- c(1, 2)
library(maptools)
files <- list.files(pattern = "shp$")
for (fi in files) {
  xx <- readShapeSpatial(fi)
  ## update the geometry with elide arguments
  shifted <- elide(xx, shift = shift.xy)
  ## write out a new shapfile
  writeSpatialShape(shifted, paste("shifted", fi, sep = ""))
}

在地理功能中使用shapefile解析器，可以使用XSLT执行该过程。当然，之后您需要将其转换回shapefile :-)。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    version="2.0" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml">
    <xsl:param name="x_shift" select="0.0"/>
    <xsl:param name="y_shift" select="0.0"/>

    <!-- first the identity transform makes sure everything gets copied -->
    <xsl:template match="node()|@*">
        <xsl:copy>
            <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/>
        </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:template>
    <!-- for any element with coordinate strings, apply the translation factors -->
    <!-- note that a schema-aware processor could use the schema type names to simplify -->
    <xsl:template match="gml:pos|gml:posList|gml:lowerCorner|gml:upperCorner">
        <xsl:copy>
            <!-- this xpath parses the ordinates, assuming x y ordering (shapefiles), applies translation factors -->
            <xsl:value-of select="
                for $i in tokenize(.,'\s+') return 
                  if ($i[(position() mod 2) ne 0]) then 
                    number($i)+$x_shift 
                  else 
                    number($i)+$y_shift
             "/>
        </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

这是Groovy GeoScript版本：

import geoscript.workspace.Directory
import geoscript.layer.Layer

int dx = 10
int dy = 10

def dir = new Directory("./data")
dir.layers.each{name ->
    def orig = dir.get(name)
    def shifted = dir.create("${name}-shifted", orig.schema.fields)
    shifted.add(orig.cursor.collect{f ->
        f.geom = f.geom.translate(dx, dy)
        f
    })
}  

这是OGR版本

驱动程序= ogr.GetDriverByName（“ ESRI Shapefile”）

def移动（dx，dy，dz）：

dataSource = driver.Open(path,1)
layer = dataSource.GetLayer(0)
for feature in layer:
    get_poly = feature.GetGeometryRef()
    get_ring = get_poly.GetGeometryRef(0)
    points   = get_ring.GetPointCount()
    set_ring = ogr.Geometry(ogr.wkbLinearRing)
    for p in xrange(points):
        x,y,z = get_ring.GetPoint(p)
        x += dx
        y += dy
        z += dz
        set_ring.AddPoint(x,y)
        print x,y,z
set_poly = ogr.Geometry(ogr.wkbPolygon)
set_poly.AddGeometry(set_ring)

feature.SetGeometry(set_poly)
layer.SetFeature(feature)

del layer
del feature
del dataSource