如何停止gdalwarp在日期线附近创建世界范围的输出？

我正在使用gdalwarp在日期线附近（即180°，又称antimeridian）操纵SRTM磁贴。SRTM磁贴与子午线的重叠非常小（1/2像素）。您可以使用gdalinfo查看此内容：

gdalinfo S16W180.hgt
Driver: SRTMHGT/SRTMHGT File Format
Files: S16W180.hgt
Size is 1201, 1201
[...]
Lower Left  (-180.0004167, -16.0004167) (180d 0' 1.50"W, 16d 0' 1.50"S)
Upper Right (-178.9995833, -14.9995833) (178d59'58.50"W, 14d59'58.50"S)
[...]

因此，源跨越了日期线很小的一部分。

这会导致gdalwarp出现问题，最终会产生巨大的全球性产出。

gdalwarp -t_srs "epsg:900913" S16W180.hgt test.tif
gdalinfo test.tif
Driver: GTiff/GeoTIFF
Files: test.tif
Size is 1703, 5
[...]
Lower Left  (-20037508.330,-1806798.473) (180d 0' 0.00"W, 16d 7'13.00"S)
Upper Right (20032839.451,-1689152.120) (179d57'29.01"E, 15d 5'45.84"S)

请注意，经度几乎覆盖了整个地球，而且行数出乎意料的小（5）

这是gdalwarp中的错误吗？如果没有，传递给gdalwarp以获得合理输出的正确选择是什么？

一种简单的解决方法是“手动”将坐标系指定为PROJ字符串。这使您可以使用+over禁用在反时间轴上换行的开关：

gdalwarp -t_srs \
    "+proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0 \
        +over +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +units=m +nadgrids=@null \
        +wktext +lon_wrap=-180 +no_defs" \
    S16W180.hgt test.tif

当我这样做然后gdalinfo对结果进行处理时，我得到以下信息：

Corner Coordinates:
Upper Left  (-20037554.726,-1689152.120) (179d59'58.50"E, 14d59'58.50"S)
Lower Left  (-20037554.726,-1804766.925) (179d59'58.50"E, 16d 0' 1.37"S)
Upper Right (-19926099.407,-1689152.120) (178d59'57.11"W, 14d59'58.50"S)
Lower Right (-19926099.407,-1804766.925) (178d59'57.11"W, 16d 0' 1.37"S)
Center      (-19981827.066,-1746959.523) (179d29'59.30"W, 15d30' 2.12"S)

+over通过查看的原始输出，我得到了PROJ字符串（没有）gdalinfo。它包含在EXTENSION[...]坐标系的一个块中。

它分两个步骤工作：

gdalwarp -te -180 -16 -179 -15 s16W180.hgt test.tif
gdalwarp -t_srs "epsg:3857" test.tif out.tif

第一条命令在180°子午线的反面开始多余的一半像素。您得到的输出文件是1178P x 1222L。

或者，使用gdal_translate：

gdal_translate -a_ullr -180 -15 -179 -16 S16W180.hgt test2.tif
gdalwarp -t_srs "epsg:3857" test2.tif out2.tif

创建一个1179P x 1223L的输出文件。

当我遇到相同的问题时，我编写了一个小的Shell脚本，以查找栅格文件是否越过日期线。如果为true，则将以下选项添加到gdalwarp：

--config CENTER_LONG 180

脚本是按以下步骤工作的：

1. 从gdalinfo获取WGS84范围
2. 如果转化 ULX和LRX OR LLX和URX值相比原来的CRS翻转，转化光栅将穿越国际日期变更线。
3. 如果日期行将被越过，则将--config CENTER_LONG 180添加到gdalwarp。

更新脚本的更好版本，需要GDAL 2.0+和Python：下面的旧版本。

#!/bin/bash
#
# Small Script to check if input raster will
# cross dateline when converting to EPSG:4326
# 
# USAGE: ./crosses_dateline.sh infile [outfile]
# 
# if no outfile is given, the script returns "true" or "false"
# if an outfile is given, gdalwarp is executed
# 
# Needs gdal 2.0+ and Python
# 


if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
    echo -e "Error: No input rasterfile given.\n> USAGE: ./crosses_dateline.sh infile [outfile]"
    exit
fi

# Get information, save it to variable as we need it several times
gdalinfo=$(gdalinfo "${1}" -json)

# If -json switch is not available exit!
if [ ! -z $(echo $gdalinfo | grep "^Usage:") ]; then
    echo -e "Error: GDAL command failed, Version 2.0+ is needed"
    exit
fi

function jsonq {
    echo "${1}" | python -c "import json,sys; jdata = sys.stdin.read(); data = json.loads(jdata); print(data${2});"
}

ulx=$(jsonq "$gdalinfo" "['wgs84Extent']['coordinates'][0][0][0]")
llx=$(jsonq "$gdalinfo" "['wgs84Extent']['coordinates'][0][1][0]")
lrx=$(jsonq "$gdalinfo" "['wgs84Extent']['coordinates'][0][3][0]")
urx=$(jsonq "$gdalinfo" "['wgs84Extent']['coordinates'][0][2][0]")

crossing_dateline=false
test $(echo "${ulx}>${lrx}" | bc) -eq 1 && crossing_dateline=true
test $(echo "${llx}>${urx}" | bc) -eq 1 && crossing_dateline=true

if [ -z "$2" ]; then
    echo "${crossing_dateline}"
elif [ "${crossing_dateline}" == "true" ]; then
    gdalwarp -t_srs "EPSG:4326" --config CENTER_LONG 180 "${1}" "${2}"
else
    gdalwarp -t_srs "EPSG:4326" "${1}" "${2}"
fi

#!/bin/bash
#
# Check if input raster crosses dateline when converting to EPSG:4326
# 
# if no outfile is given, the script returns "true" or "false"
# if an outfile is given, gdalwarp is executed
# 

if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
    echo -e "Error: No input rasterfile given.\n> USAGE: ./crosses_dateline.sh infile [outfile]"
    exit
fi

# Get information, save it to variable as we need it several times
gdalinfo=$(gdalinfo "${1}")
# Read Source CRS
s_srs="EPSG:"$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep -Eo "^\s{4}AUTHORITY\[.*\]" | grep -Eo "[0-9]+")

# Transform corners to Target SRS and test if crossing dateline
t_srs="EPSG:4326"
crossing_dateline=false

if [ "${s_srs}" == "${t_srs}" ]; then
    xmin=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Upper Left" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    xmax=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Lower Right" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    test $(echo "(${xmax}-(${xmin})) / 1" | bc) -gt 180 && crossing_dateline=true
else
    # We need to check both diagonal lines for intersection with the dateline
    xmin=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Upper Left" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | gdaltransform -s_srs "${s_srs}" -t_srs "${t_srs}" -output_xy | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    xmax=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Lower Right" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | gdaltransform -s_srs "${s_srs}" -t_srs "${t_srs}" -output_xy | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    test $(echo "${xmin}>${xmax}" | bc) -eq 1 && crossing_dateline=true

    xmin=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Lower Left" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | gdaltransform -s_srs "${s_srs}" -t_srs "${t_srs}" -output_xy | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    xmax=$(echo "${gdalinfo}" | grep "Upper Right" | grep -Eo "[-0-9\.]+, +[-0-9\.]+" | gdaltransform -s_srs "${s_srs}" -t_srs "${t_srs}" -output_xy | grep -Eo "^[-0-9\.]*")
    test $(echo "${xmin}>${xmax}" | bc) -eq 1 && crossing_dateline=true
fi


if [ -z "$2" ]; then
    echo "${crossing_dateline}"
elif [ "${crossing_dateline}" == "true" ]; then
    gdalwarp -t_srs "${t_srs}" --config CENTER_LONG 180 "${1}" "${2}"
else
    gdalwarp -t_srs "${t_srs}" "${1}" "${2}"
fi

这是GDAL库中的问题。似乎GDALSuggestedWarpOutput（）给输出文件的宽度和高度提供了奇怪的输出。

我还没有找到解决此问题的方法。