Answers:
尝试这个:
$collection = Mage::getResourceModel('catalog/category_collection')
    ->addAttributeToSelect('*')
    ->addAttributeToFilter('is_active', 1) //only active categories
    ->addAttributeToFilter('include_in_menu', 0) //only categories not included in menu
    ->addAttributeToFilter('parent_id', 10)//get only subcategories of the category with id 10
    ->addAttributeToSort('position')//sort by position
;
foreach ($collection as $category) {
    //do something with $category
}path字段的某些值可能是错误的。否则父母ID可能是错误的。