我有两个路由器,A(Cat6500 w / SUP720-3BXL,IOS 12.2(33)SXH4)和B(Nexus 7K w / SUP1,NX-OS 5.2(4)),它们在MPLS核心上被几跳隔开,每跳VRF ABC。路由器A在此VRF中具有两条直接连接的路由和四条静态路由。
RouterA# show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf ABC labels
Network Next Hop In label/Out label
Route Distinguisher: 65000:123 (ABC)
10.30.10.0/24 10.30.200.1 154/nolabel
10.30.20.0/24 10.30.200.1 88/nolabel
10.30.30.0/24 10.30.200.1 38/nolabel
10.30.40.0/24 10.30.200.1 147/nolabel
10.30.200.0/24 0.0.0.0 IPv4 VRF Aggr:95/nolabel(ABC)
10.90.90.0/24 0.0.0.0 IPv4 VRF Aggr:95/nolabel(ABC)
10.133.242.0/25 192.168.255.3 nolabel/17
10.133.242.128/26
192.168.255.3 nolabel/18
10.255.255.224/29
192.168.255.3 nolabel/492474
每个路由器上的此VRF使用前缀标记。请注意,两个直接连接的路由收到一个共享的聚合标签(95),而四个静态路由每个都收到一个唯一的标签。
路由器B同意使用VPN标签:
RouterB# show bgp vpnv4 unicast labels vrf ABC
BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family VPNv4 Unicast
BGP table version is 17042469, local router ID is 192.168.255.3
Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best
Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath
Network Next Hop In label/Out label
Route Distinguisher: 65000:123 (VRF ABC)
*>i10.30.10.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/154
*>i10.30.20.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/88
*>i10.30.30.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/38
*>i10.30.40.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/147
*>i10.30.200.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/95
*>i10.90.90.0/24 172.26.64.1 nolabel/95
*>l10.255.255.224/29 0.0.0.0 492474/nolabel (ABC)
从路由器B,我可以毫无问题地跟踪路由到路由器A上的两个直接连接的网络:
RouterB# traceroute 10.30.200.10 vrf ABC
traceroute to 10.30.200.10 (10.30.200.10), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 192.168.254.97 (192.168.254.97) (AS 65000) 19.226 ms 19.369 ms 19.079 ms
[Label=63 E=0 TTL=1 S=0, Label=95 E=0 TTL=1 S=1]
2 192.0.2.151 (192.0.2.151) (AS 65000) 23.309 ms 28.027 ms 18.977 ms
[Label=39 E=0 TTL=1 S=0, Label=95 E=0 TTL=2 S=1]
3 192.168.251.62 (192.168.251.62) (AS 65000) 21.576 ms 24.265 ms 21.503 ms
[Label=59 E=0 TTL=1 S=0, Label=95 E=0 TTL=1 S=1]
4 10.30.200.10 (10.30.200.10) (AS 65000) 19.155 ms * 19.414 ms
但是,到所有静态学习路由的traceroute会在MPLS路径上超时,并且仅在它们的最后一跳才恢复:
RouterB# traceroute 10.30.10.10 vrf ABC
traceroute to 10.30.10.10 (10.30.10.10), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 * * *
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 10.30.200.10 (10.30.200.10) (AS 65000) 19.065 ms 19.281 ms 18.68 ms
[Label=154 E=0 TTL=1 S=1]
5 10.30.10.10 (10.30.10.10) (AS 65000) 19.420 ms 19.377 ms 19.73 ms
上面的两个跟踪路由都应遵循完全相同的路径,并且沿途没有过滤机制。同样的事情也发生在相反的方向。我想念什么?在MPLS /标签转发方面,通过直接连接学习到的BGP路由与静态配置之间有什么区别?