在.NET中，是否有一种方法（例如事件）来检测控制台应用程序何时退出？我需要清理一些线程和COM对象。
我正在从控制台应用程序运行没有表单的消息循环。我正在使用的DCOM组件似乎要求应用程序泵送消息。
我尝试将处理程序添加到Process.GetCurrentProcess.Exited和Process.GetCurrentProcess.Disposed。
我也尝试过向Application.ApplicationExit和Application.ThreadExit事件添加处理程序，但是它们没有触发。也许那是因为我没有使用表格。
Answers:
您可以使用以下ProcessExit事件AppDomain：
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);
// do some work
}
static void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("exit");
}
}
更新资料
这是一个完整的示例程序，其中的空“消息泵”运行在单独的线程上，允许用户在控制台中输入quit命令以正常关闭应用程序。在MessagePump中循环之后，您可能希望以一种很好的方式清理线程使用的资源。这样做比在ProcessExit中做的更好，原因有几个：
这是代码：
class Program
{
private static bool _quitRequested = false;
private static object _syncLock = new object();
private static AutoResetEvent _waitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false);
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);
// start the message pumping thread
Thread msgThread = new Thread(MessagePump);
msgThread.Start();
// read input to detect "quit" command
string command = string.Empty;
do
{
command = Console.ReadLine();
} while (!command.Equals("quit", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
// signal that we want to quit
SetQuitRequested();
// wait until the message pump says it's done
_waitHandle.WaitOne();
// perform any additional cleanup, logging or whatever
}
private static void SetQuitRequested()
{
lock (_syncLock)
{
_quitRequested = true;
}
}
private static void MessagePump()
{
do
{
// act on messages
} while (!_quitRequested);
_waitHandle.Set();
}
static void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("exit");
}
}
这是一个适用于所有Windows版本的完整，非常简单的.Net解决方案。只需将其粘贴到一个新项目中，运行它，然后尝试按CTRL-C查看它的处理方式：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace TestTrapCtrlC{
public class Program{
static bool exitSystem = false;
#region Trap application termination
[DllImport("Kernel32")]
private static extern bool SetConsoleCtrlHandler(EventHandler handler, bool add);
private delegate bool EventHandler(CtrlType sig);
static EventHandler _handler;
enum CtrlType {
CTRL_C_EVENT = 0,
CTRL_BREAK_EVENT = 1,
CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT = 2,
CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT = 5,
CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT = 6
}
private static bool Handler(CtrlType sig) {
Console.WriteLine("Exiting system due to external CTRL-C, or process kill, or shutdown");
//do your cleanup here
Thread.Sleep(5000); //simulate some cleanup delay
Console.WriteLine("Cleanup complete");
//allow main to run off
exitSystem = true;
//shutdown right away so there are no lingering threads
Environment.Exit(-1);
return true;
}
#endregion
static void Main(string[] args) {
// Some biolerplate to react to close window event, CTRL-C, kill, etc
_handler += new EventHandler(Handler);
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(_handler, true);
//start your multi threaded program here
Program p = new Program();
p.Start();
//hold the console so it doesn’t run off the end
while(!exitSystem) {
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
}
public void Start() {
// start a thread and start doing some processing
Console.WriteLine("Thread started, processing..");
}
}
}
该应用程序是一台服务器，仅在系统关闭或收到Ctrl + C或关闭控制台窗口之前一直运行。
由于应用程序的特殊性质，“优雅地”退出是不可行的。（可能是我可以编写另一个应用程序的代码，该应用程序将发送“服务器关闭”消息，但是这对于一个应用程序来说是过大的，但对于某些情况（如服务器（实际操作系统）实际关闭时）仍然不足。）
由于这些情况，我添加了一个“ ConsoleCtrlHandler ”，在其中停止线程并清理COM对象等。
Public Declare Auto Function SetConsoleCtrlHandler Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal Handler As HandlerRoutine, ByVal Add As Boolean) As Boolean
Public Delegate Function HandlerRoutine(ByVal CtrlType As CtrlTypes) As Boolean
Public Enum CtrlTypes
CTRL_C_EVENT = 0
CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT
CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT = 5
CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT
End Enum
Public Function ControlHandler(ByVal ctrlType As CtrlTypes) As Boolean
.
.clean up code here
.
End Function
Public Sub Main()
.
.
.
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(New HandlerRoutine(AddressOf ControlHandler), True)
.
.
End Sub
对于CTRL + C，可以使用以下命令：
// Tell the system console to handle CTRL+C by calling our method that
// gracefully shuts down.
Console.CancelKeyPress += new ConsoleCancelEventHandler(Console_CancelKeyPress);
static void Console_CancelKeyPress(object sender, ConsoleCancelEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Shutting down...");
// Cleanup here
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(750);
}
如果您正在使用控制台应用程序并且正在泵送消息，那么您不能使用WM_QUIT消息吗？
作为一个很好的例子，值得导航到该项目并查看如何以语法方式处理退出的进程，或者在此处的VM片段中查看
ConsoleOutputStream = new ObservableCollection<string>();
var startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(FilePath)
{
WorkingDirectory = RootFolderPath,
Arguments = StartingArguments,
RedirectStandardOutput = true,
UseShellExecute = false,
CreateNoWindow = true
};
ConsoleProcess = new Process {StartInfo = startInfo};
ConsoleProcess.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
ConsoleProcess.OutputDataReceived += (sender, args) =>
{
App.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke((System.Action) delegate
{
ConsoleOutputStream.Insert(0, args.Data);
//ConsoleOutputStream.Add(args.Data);
});
};
ConsoleProcess.Exited += (sender, args) =>
{
InProgress = false;
};
ConsoleProcess.Start();
ConsoleProcess.BeginOutputReadLine();
}
}
private void RegisterProcessWatcher()
{
startWatch = new ManagementEventWatcher(
new WqlEventQuery($"SELECT * FROM Win32_ProcessStartTrace where ProcessName = '{FileName}'"));
startWatch.EventArrived += new EventArrivedEventHandler(startProcessWatch_EventArrived);
stopWatch = new ManagementEventWatcher(
new WqlEventQuery($"SELECT * FROM Win32_ProcessStopTrace where ProcessName = '{FileName}'"));
stopWatch.EventArrived += new EventArrivedEventHandler(stopProcessWatch_EventArrived);
}
private void stopProcessWatch_EventArrived(object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e)
{
InProgress = false;
}
private void startProcessWatch_EventArrived(object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e)
{
InProgress = true;
}