根据字符串计算MD5哈希

我使用以下C＃代码从字符串中计算MD5哈希值。它运作良好，并生成一个32个字符的十六进制字符串，如下所示： 900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72

string sSourceData;
byte[] tmpSource;
byte[] tmpHash;
sSourceData = "MySourceData";

//Create a byte array from source data.
tmpSource = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sSourceData);
tmpHash = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider().ComputeHash(tmpSource);

// and then convert tmpHash to string...

有没有办法使用像这样的代码来生成16个字符的十六进制字符串（或12个字符的字符串）？32个字符的十六进制字符串很好，但是我认为客户输入代码会很无聊！

根据MSDN

创建MD5：

public static string CreateMD5(string input)
{
    // Use input string to calculate MD5 hash
    using (System.Security.Cryptography.MD5 md5 = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create())
    {
        byte[] inputBytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(input);
        byte[] hashBytes = md5.ComputeHash(inputBytes);

        // Convert the byte array to hexadecimal string
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < hashBytes.Length; i++)
        {
            sb.Append(hashBytes[i].ToString("X2"));
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

// given, a password in a string
string password = @"1234abcd";

// byte array representation of that string
byte[] encodedPassword = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(password);

// need MD5 to calculate the hash
byte[] hash = ((HashAlgorithm) CryptoConfig.CreateFromName("MD5")).ComputeHash(encodedPassword);

// string representation (similar to UNIX format)
string encoded = BitConverter.ToString(hash)
   // without dashes
   .Replace("-", string.Empty)
   // make lowercase
   .ToLower();

// encoded contains the hash you want

试图使用LINQ创建MD5哈希的字符串表示形式，但是，答案都不是LINQ解决方案，因此将其添加到了可用解决方案的大杂烩中。

string result;
using (MD5 hash = MD5.Create())
{
    result = String.Join
    (
        "",
        from ba in hash.ComputeHash
        (
            Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(observedText)
        ) 
        select ba.ToString("x2")
    );
}

完全取决于您要实现的目标。从技术上讲，您可以仅从MD5哈希的结果中获取前12个字符，但是MD5的规范是生成32个字符。

减小散列的大小会降低安全性，并增加冲突和系统损坏的机会。

也许，如果您让我们更多地了解您要达到的目标，我们可能会提供更多帮助。

您可以使用Convert.ToBase64String将MD5的16字节输出转换为约24个字符的字符串。在不降低安全性的情况下好一点。（j9JIbSY8HuT89/pwdC8jlw==以您的示例为例）

支持字符串和文件流。

例子

string hashString = EasyMD5.Hash("My String");

string hashFile = EasyMD5.Hash(System.IO.File.OpenRead("myFile.txt"));

--

   class EasyMD5
        {
            private static string GetMd5Hash(byte[] data)
            {
                StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
                    sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
                return sBuilder.ToString();
            }

            private static bool VerifyMd5Hash(byte[] data, string hash)
            {
                return 0 == StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase.Compare(GetMd5Hash(data), hash);
            }

            public static string Hash(string data)
            {
                using (var md5 = MD5.Create())
                    return GetMd5Hash(md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data)));
            }
            public static string Hash(FileStream data)
            {
                using (var md5 = MD5.Create())
                    return GetMd5Hash(md5.ComputeHash(data));
            }

            public static bool Verify(string data, string hash)
            {
                using (var md5 = MD5.Create())
                    return VerifyMd5Hash(md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data)), hash);
            }

            public static bool Verify(FileStream data, string hash)
            {
                using (var md5 = MD5.Create())
                    return VerifyMd5Hash(md5.ComputeHash(data), hash);
            }
        }

我想最好在字符串MD5中使用UTF-8编码。

public static string MD5(this string s)
{
    using (var provider = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create())
    {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();                           

        foreach (byte b in provider.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s)))
            builder.Append(b.ToString("x2").ToLower());

        return builder.ToString();
    }
}

MD5哈希是128位，因此您不能用少于32个字符的十六进制表示它...

System.Text.StringBuilder hash = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
        System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5provider = new System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
        byte[] bytes = md5provider.ComputeHash(new System.Text.UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(YourEntryString));

        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
        {
            hash.Append(bytes[i].ToString("x2")); //lowerCase; X2 if uppercase desired
        }
        return hash.ToString();

.NET Core 2.1及更高版本的现有答案的更快替代方法：

public static string CreateMD5(string s)
{
    using (System.Security.Cryptography.MD5 md5 = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create())
    {
        var encoding = Encoding.ASCII;
        var data = encoding.GetBytes(s);

        Span<byte> hashBytes = stackalloc byte[16];
        md5.TryComputeHash(data, hashBytes, out int written);
        if(written != hashBytes.Length)
            throw new OverflowException();


        Span<char> stringBuffer = stackalloc char[32];
        for (int i = 0; i < hashBytes.Length; i++)
        {
            hashBytes[i].TryFormat(stringBuffer.Slice(2 * i), out _, "x2");
        }
        return new string(stringBuffer);
    }
}

如果您确定您的字符串足够小并且可以用不安全的int GetBytes（ReadOnlySpan chars，Spanbytes）替代int，则可以进一步优化它。

此解决方案需要c＃8并利用Span<T>。注意，如果需要，您仍然需要调用.Replace("-", string.Empty).ToLowerInvariant()以格式化结果。

public static string CreateMD5(ReadOnlySpan<char> input)
{
    var encoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
    var inputByteCount = encoding.GetByteCount(input);
    using var md5 = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create();

    Span<byte> bytes = inputByteCount < 1024
        ? stackalloc byte[inputByteCount]
        : new byte[inputByteCount];
    Span<byte> destination = stackalloc byte[md5.HashSize / 8];

    encoding.GetBytes(input, bytes);

    // checking the result is not required because this only returns false if "(destination.Length < HashSizeValue/8)", which is never true in this case
    md5.TryComputeHash(bytes, destination, out int _bytesWritten);

    return BitConverter.ToString(destination.ToArray());
}

StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < tmpHash.Length; i++)
{
   sb.Append(tmpHash[i].ToString("x2"));
}

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.security.cryptography.md5?view=netframework-4.7.2

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

    static string GetMd5Hash(string input)
            {
                using (MD5 md5Hash = MD5.Create())
                {

                    // Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.
                    byte[] data = md5Hash.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input));

                    // Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes
                    // and create a string.
                    StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();

                    // Loop through each byte of the hashed data 
                    // and format each one as a hexadecimal string.
                    for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
                    {
                        sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
                    }

                    // Return the hexadecimal string.
                    return sBuilder.ToString();
                }
            }

            // Verify a hash against a string.
            static bool VerifyMd5Hash(string input, string hash)
            {
                // Hash the input.
                string hashOfInput = GetMd5Hash(input);

                // Create a StringComparer an compare the hashes.
                StringComparer comparer = StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase;

                return 0 == comparer.Compare(hashOfInput, hash);

            }

我想提供一种替代方案，该替代方案在我的测试（.NET 4.7.2）中似乎比craigdfrench的答案至少快10％：

public static string GetMD5Hash(string text)
{
    using ( var md5 = MD5.Create() )
    {
        byte[] computedHash = md5.ComputeHash( Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text) );
        return new System.Runtime.Remoting.Metadata.W3cXsd2001.SoapHexBinary(computedHash).ToString();
    }
}

如果您希望using System.Runtime.Remoting.Metadata.W3cXsd2001;位于顶部，可以使方法主体更易于阅读：

using ( var md5 = MD5.Create() )
{
    return new SoapHexBinary( md5.ComputeHash( Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text) ) ).ToString();
}

足够明显，但出于完整性考虑，在OP的上下文中，它将用作：

sSourceData = "MySourceData";
tmpHash = GetMD5Hash(sSourceData);

关于16个字符的十六进制字符串的任何内容...

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

但是这里是我在一行中创建MD5哈希的方法。

string hash = BitConverter.ToString(MD5.Create().ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("THIS STRING TO MD5"))).Replace("-","");