捕获活动窗口的屏幕截图？

174

我正在制作一个屏幕捕获应用程序，一切都很好。我需要做的就是捕获活动窗口并截取该活动窗口的屏幕截图。有人知道我该怎么做吗？

c#  screenshot  active-window 
— 用户
source
17
“活动窗口”是指您的应用程序的活动窗口还是隐藏了您的应用程序的活动窗口？
— Corey Trager

Answers:

151 
ScreenCapture sc = new ScreenCapture();
// capture entire screen, and save it to a file
Image img = sc.CaptureScreen();
// display image in a Picture control named imageDisplay
this.imageDisplay.Image = img;
// capture this window, and save it
sc.CaptureWindowToFile(this.Handle,"C:\\temp2.gif",ImageFormat.Gif);

http://www.developerfusion.com/code/4630/capture-a-screen-shot/

— 乔
source
7
我已经知道如何捕获标准屏幕截图。我只需要知道如何捕获活动窗口即可。
— 用户
3
很好的解决方案！谢谢你的链接。
— 马修M.13年
6
@joe尝试运行以上代码时出现GDI +错误。保存图像时在ScreenCpature类中发生错误。
— hurnhu
2
优秀的！我想捕获应用程序中面板的内容。所以我做了sc.CaptureWindowToFile（panel1.Handle，“ c：\ temp.jpg”，imageformat.jpg）和瞧！
— D. Kermott 2015年
2
在具有缩放的Windows界面元素的高清分辨率下，此类无法捕获整个屏幕。
— 耶罗尼莫'18
223 
Rectangle bounds = Screen.GetBounds(Point.Empty);
using(Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height))
{
    using(Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
    {
         g.CopyFromScreen(Point.Empty, Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
    }
    bitmap.Save("test.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);
}

用于捕获当前窗口使用

 Rectangle bounds = this.Bounds;
 using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height))
 {
    using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
    {
        g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left,bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
    }
    bitmap.Save("C://test.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);
 }
— Arsen Mkrtchyan
source
整齐！我虽然您将不得不使用WinAPI。您知道这是否在Mono上实现吗？
— 卢卡斯·琼斯
这只是给我一个普通的屏幕截图。我不必使用WinAPI吗？
— 用户
嗨，我能在VB Web窗体中以ASPX格式进行屏幕捕获吗？
— beny lim
@benylim，您好，看看这个（stackoverflow.com/questions/701798/…）和这个（social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/netfxjscript/thread/…），希望对您有所帮助
— Arsen Mkrtchyan
Isitz只能用Java脚本吗？
— beny lim
29

我建议使用捕获相对于窗口或屏幕左上角的光标位置来捕获任何当前活动窗口（不仅是我们的C＃应用​​程序）或整个屏幕的下一个解决方案： 

public enum enmScreenCaptureMode
{
    Screen,
    Window
}

class ScreenCapturer
{
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rect rect);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct Rect
    {
        public int Left;
        public int Top;
        public int Right;
        public int Bottom;
    }

    public Bitmap Capture(enmScreenCaptureMode screenCaptureMode = enmScreenCaptureMode.Window)
    {
        Rectangle bounds;

        if (screenCaptureMode == enmScreenCaptureMode.Screen)
        {
            bounds = Screen.GetBounds(Point.Empty);
            CursorPosition = Cursor.Position;
        }
        else
        {
            var foregroundWindowsHandle = GetForegroundWindow();
            var rect = new Rect();
            GetWindowRect(foregroundWindowsHandle, ref rect);
            bounds = new Rectangle(rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Right - rect.Left, rect.Bottom - rect.Top);
            CursorPosition = new Point(Cursor.Position.X - rect.Left, Cursor.Position.Y - rect.Top);
        }

        var result = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);

        using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(result))
        {
            g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left, bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public Point CursorPosition
    {
        get;
        protected set;
    }
}
— 伊万·科楚金（Ivan Kochurkin）
source
为什么我们需要声明自己的Rectangle结构而不是使用System.Drawing.Rectangle？仅仅是为了我们可以添加属性吗？您知道我们是否也应该对Point结构执行此操作吗？
— Caster Troy
@Alex，我尝试Rect用System 替换我Rectangle，但是此后函数GetWindowRect返回错误的矩形。代替Right和Top，它设置Width和Height的输出矩形。
— 伊万·科胡金
1
一个警告：前景窗口不一定是从中调用该窗口的应用程序窗口。对于单个窗口WPF应用，您可以var thisWindowHandle = new WindowInteropHelper(Application.Current.MainWindow).Handle;改用
— stijn 2015年
23

这是捕获桌面或活动窗口的代码段。它没有引用Windows窗体。

public class ScreenCapture
{
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
    public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct Rect
    {
        public int Left;
        public int Top;
        public int Right;
        public int Bottom;
    }   

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rect rect);

    public static Image CaptureDesktop()
    {
        return CaptureWindow(GetDesktopWindow());
    }

    public static Bitmap CaptureActiveWindow()
    {
        return CaptureWindow(GetForegroundWindow());
    }

    public static Bitmap CaptureWindow(IntPtr handle)
    {
        var rect = new Rect();
        GetWindowRect(handle, ref rect);
        var bounds = new Rectangle(rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Right - rect.Left, rect.Bottom - rect.Top);
        var result = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);

        using (var graphics = Graphics.FromImage(result))
        {
            graphics.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left, bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
        }

        return result;
    }
}

如何捕获整个屏幕：

var image = ScreenCapture.CaptureDesktop();
image.Save(@"C:\temp\snippetsource.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);

如何捕获活动窗口：

var image = ScreenCapture.CaptureActiveWindow();
image.Save(@"C:\temp\snippetsource.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);

最初在这里找到：http : //www.snippetsource.net/Snippet/158/capture-screenshot-in-c

— 克里斯蒂安·摩瑟
source
非常感谢Christian的精彩摘录。这对我帮助很大！
— casaout，2014年
这很好用，但是如果用户在该显示器上设置了缩放比例（即从左侧和底部切掉了125％），则无法正常工作
— russelrillema 18/09/18
12

KvanTTT的代码效果很好。我对其进行了扩展，以使保存格式具有更多灵活性，并具有通过hWnd，.NET Control / Form保存的能力。您可以通过几个选项获取位图或保存到文件。 

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace MosaiqPerformanceMonitor {
     public enum CaptureMode {
          Screen, Window
     }

     public static class ScreenCapturer {
          [DllImport("user32.dll")]
          private static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();

          [DllImport("user32.dll")]
          private static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rect rect);

          [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
          private struct Rect {
                public int Left;
                public int Top;
                public int Right;
                public int Bottom;
          }

          [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
          public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();

          /// <summary> Capture Active Window, Desktop, Window or Control by hWnd or .NET Contro/Form and save it to a specified file.  </summary>
          /// <param name="filename">Filename.
          /// <para>* If extension is omitted, it's calculated from the type of file</para>
          /// <para>* If path is omitted, defaults to %TEMP%</para>
          /// <para>* Use %NOW% to put a timestamp in the filename</para></param>
          /// <param name="mode">Optional. The default value is CaptureMode.Window.</param>
          /// <param name="format">Optional file save mode.  Default is PNG</param>
          public static void CaptureAndSave(string filename, CaptureMode mode = CaptureMode.Window, ImageFormat format = null) {
                ImageSave(filename, format, Capture(mode));
          }

          /// <summary> Capture a specific window (or control) and save it to a specified file.  </summary>
          /// <param name="filename">Filename.
          /// <para>* If extension is omitted, it's calculated from the type of file</para>
          /// <para>* If path is omitted, defaults to %TEMP%</para>
          /// <para>* Use %NOW% to put a timestamp in the filename</para></param>
          /// <param name="handle">hWnd (handle) of the window to capture</param>
          /// <param name="format">Optional file save mode.  Default is PNG</param>
          public static void CaptureAndSave(string filename, IntPtr handle, ImageFormat format = null) {
                ImageSave(filename, format, Capture(handle));
          }

          /// <summary> Capture a specific window (or control) and save it to a specified file.  </summary>
          /// <param name="filename">Filename.
          /// <para>* If extension is omitted, it's calculated from the type of file</para>
          /// <para>* If path is omitted, defaults to %TEMP%</para>
          /// <para>* Use %NOW% to put a timestamp in the filename</para></param>
          /// <param name="c">Object to capture</param>
          /// <param name="format">Optional file save mode.  Default is PNG</param>
          public static void CaptureAndSave(string filename, Control c, ImageFormat format = null) {
                ImageSave(filename, format, Capture(c));
          }
          /// <summary> Capture the active window (default) or the desktop and return it as a bitmap </summary>
          /// <param name="mode">Optional. The default value is CaptureMode.Window.</param>
          public static Bitmap Capture(CaptureMode mode = CaptureMode.Window) {
                return Capture(mode == CaptureMode.Screen ? GetDesktopWindow() : GetForegroundWindow());
          }

          /// <summary> Capture a .NET Control, Form, UserControl, etc. </summary>
          /// <param name="c">Object to capture</param>
          /// <returns> Bitmap of control's area </returns>
          public static Bitmap Capture(Control c) {
                return Capture(c.Handle);
          }


          /// <summary> Capture a specific window and return it as a bitmap </summary>
          /// <param name="handle">hWnd (handle) of the window to capture</param>
          public static Bitmap Capture(IntPtr handle) {
                Rectangle bounds;
                var rect = new Rect();
                GetWindowRect(handle, ref rect);
                bounds = new Rectangle(rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Right - rect.Left, rect.Bottom - rect.Top);
                CursorPosition = new Point(Cursor.Position.X - rect.Left, Cursor.Position.Y - rect.Top);

                var result = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);
                using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(result))
                     g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left, bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);

                return result;
          }

          /// <summary> Position of the cursor relative to the start of the capture </summary>
          public static Point CursorPosition;


          /// <summary> Save an image to a specific file </summary>
          /// <param name="filename">Filename.
          /// <para>* If extension is omitted, it's calculated from the type of file</para>
          /// <para>* If path is omitted, defaults to %TEMP%</para>
          /// <para>* Use %NOW% to put a timestamp in the filename</para></param>
          /// <param name="format">Optional file save mode.  Default is PNG</param>
          /// <param name="image">Image to save.  Usually a BitMap, but can be any
          /// Image.</param>
          static void ImageSave(string filename, ImageFormat format, Image image) {
                format = format ?? ImageFormat.Png;
                if (!filename.Contains("."))
                     filename = filename.Trim() + "." + format.ToString().ToLower();

                if (!filename.Contains(@"\"))
                     filename = Path.Combine(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP") ?? @"C:\Temp", filename);

                filename = filename.Replace("%NOW%", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd@hh.mm.ss"));
                image.Save(filename, format);
          }
     }
}
— 韦德·哈特勒
source
强大的重构技能！
— 艾哈迈德·阿莱霍
最重要的代码，使其毫无问题地工作了，而这正是我想要的。感谢你的分享。
— 雨果·耶茨
1

对方法静态void ImageSave（）进行一些调整，将为您提供保存位置的选项。归功于Microsoft（http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/sfezx97z.aspx）

static void ImageSave(string filename, ImageFormat format, Image image, SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1)
    { 
        saveFileDialog1.Filter = "JPeg Image|*.jpg|Bitmap Image|*.bmp|Gif Image|*.gif";
        saveFileDialog1.Title = "Enregistrer un image";
        saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog();

        // If the file name is not an empty string open it for saving.
        if (saveFileDialog1.FileName != "")
        {
            // Saves the Image via a FileStream created by the OpenFile method.
            System.IO.FileStream fs =
               (System.IO.FileStream)saveFileDialog1.OpenFile();
            // Saves the Image in the appropriate ImageFormat based upon the
            // File type selected in the dialog box.
            // NOTE that the FilterIndex property is one-based.
            switch (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex)
            {
                case 1:
                    image.Save(fs,
                       System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
                    break;

                case 2:
                    image.Save(fs,
                       System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp);
                    break;

                case 3:
                    image.Save(fs,
                       System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Gif);
                    break;
            }

            fs.Close();
        }



    }

您的button_click事件应编码为以下形式...

private void btnScreenShot_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

        SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1 = new SaveFileDialog();


        ScreenCapturer.CaptureAndSave(filename, mode, format, saveFileDialog1);

    }//
— 少年CSharp
source
1

如果要使用托管代码：这将通过ProcessId捕获任何窗口。

我使用以下方法来激活窗口。

Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction.AppActivate(ProcessId);
Threading.Thread.Sleep(20);

我使用打印屏幕捕获了一个窗口。

SendKeys.SendWait("%{PRTSC}");
Threading.Thread.Sleep(40);
IDataObject objData = Clipboard.GetDataObject();
— 克劳斯·海因里希
source
1

使用以下代码： 

            // Shot size = screen size
            Size shotSize = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Size;

            // the upper left point in the screen to start shot
            // 0,0 to get the shot from upper left point
            Point upperScreenPoint = new Point(0, 0);

            // the upper left point in the image to put the shot
            Point upperDestinationPoint = new Point(0, 0);

            // create image to get the shot in it
            Bitmap shot = new Bitmap(shotSize.Width, shotSize.Height);

            // new Graphics instance 
            Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(shot);

            // get the shot by Graphics class 
            graphics.CopyFromScreen(upperScreenPoint, upperDestinationPoint, shotSize);

            // return the image
            pictureBox1.Image = shot;
— 穆罕默德·欧拜德
source
0

基于ArsenMkrt的回复，但是此操作使您可以捕获表单中的控件（例如，我正在编写一种工具，其中包含WebBrowser控件，并且仅希望捕获其显示内容）。注意使用PointToScreen方法：

//Project: WebCapture
//Filename: ScreenshotUtils.cs
//Author: George Birbilis (http://zoomicon.com)
//Version: 20130820

using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WebCapture
{
  public static class ScreenshotUtils
  {

    public static Rectangle Offseted(this Rectangle r, Point p)
    {
      r.Offset(p);
      return r;
    }

    public static Bitmap GetScreenshot(this Control c)
    {
      return GetScreenshot(new Rectangle(c.PointToScreen(Point.Empty), c.Size));
    }

    public static Bitmap GetScreenshot(Rectangle bounds)
    {
      Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);
      using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
        g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left, bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
      return bitmap;
    }

    public const string DEFAULT_IMAGESAVEFILEDIALOG_TITLE = "Save image";
    public const string DEFAULT_IMAGESAVEFILEDIALOG_FILTER = "PNG Image (*.png)|*.png|JPEG Image (*.jpg)|*.jpg|Bitmap Image (*.bmp)|*.bmp|GIF Image (*.gif)|*.gif";

    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_COMPUTER = "0AC0837C-BBF8-452A-850D-79D08E667CA7";
    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_DESKTOP = "B4BFCC3A-DB2C-424C-B029-7FE99A87C641";
    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_DOCUMENTS = "FDD39AD0-238F-46AF-ADB4-6C85480369C7";
    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_PICTURES = "33E28130-4E1E-4676-835A-98395C3BC3BB";
    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_PUBLICPICTURES = "B6EBFB86-6907-413C-9AF7-4FC2ABF07CC5";
    public const string CUSTOMPLACES_RECENT = "AE50C081-EBD2-438A-8655-8A092E34987A";

    public static SaveFileDialog GetImageSaveFileDialog(
      string title = DEFAULT_IMAGESAVEFILEDIALOG_TITLE, 
      string filter = DEFAULT_IMAGESAVEFILEDIALOG_FILTER)
    {
      SaveFileDialog dialog = new SaveFileDialog();

      dialog.Title = title;
      dialog.Filter = filter;


      /* //this seems to throw error on Windows Server 2008 R2, must be for Windows Vista only
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_COMPUTER);
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_DESKTOP);
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_DOCUMENTS);
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_PICTURES);
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_PUBLICPICTURES);
      dialog.CustomPlaces.Add(CUSTOMPLACES_RECENT);
      */

      return dialog;
    }

    public static void ShowSaveFileDialog(this Image image, IWin32Window owner = null)
    {
      using (SaveFileDialog dlg = GetImageSaveFileDialog())
        if (dlg.ShowDialog(owner) == DialogResult.OK)
          image.Save(dlg.FileName);
    }

  }
}

有了Bitmap对象，您可以在其上调用Save

private void btnCapture_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  webBrowser.GetScreenshot().Save("C://test.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);
}

上面假设GC将抓取位图，但最好将someControl.getScreenshot（）的结果分配给Bitmap变量，然后在处理完每个图像后手动处置该变量，特别是如果您经常抓取（说您有要加载并保存其屏幕截图的网页列表）：

private void btnCapture_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  Bitmap bitmap = webBrowser.GetScreenshot();
  bitmap.ShowSaveFileDialog();
  bitmap.Dispose(); //release bitmap resources
}

更好的是，可以使用using子句，即使在using（child）块内发生异常，它也具有释放位图资源的额外好处：

private void btnCapture_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  using(Bitmap bitmap = webBrowser.GetScreenshot())
    bitmap.ShowSaveFileDialog();
  //exit from using block will release bitmap resources even if exception occured
}

更新：

现在，WebCapture工具已从Web上通过ClickOnce部署（http://gallery.clipflair.net/WebCapture）（由于具有ClickOnce功能，还具有很好的自动更新支持），您可以在https://github.com/Zoomicon上找到其源代码。/ ClipFlair / tree / master / Server / Tools / WebCapture

— 乔治·比比利斯
source
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