Powershell v3 Invoke-WebRequest HTTPS错误

使用Powershell v3的Invoke-WebRequest和Invoke-RestMethod，我成功地使用POST方法将json文件发布到https网站。

我正在使用的命令是

 $cert=New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2("cert.crt")
 Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://IPADDRESS/resource -Credential $cred -certificate $cert -Body $json -ContentType application/json -Method POST

但是，当我尝试使用GET方法时：

 Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://IPADDRESS/resource -Credential $cred -certificate $cert -Method GET

返回以下错误

 Invoke-RestMethod : The underlying connection was closed: An unexpected error occurred on a send.
 At line:8 char:11
 + $output = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri https://IPADDRESS/resource -Credential $cred
 +           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (System.Net.HttpWebRequest:HttpWebRequest)      [Invoke-RestMethod], WebException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebCmdletWebResponseException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeRestMethodCommand

我尝试使用以下代码忽略SSL证书，但不确定其是否实际起作用。

 [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}

有人可以提供一些有关这里可能出什么问题以及如何解决的指南吗？

谢谢

此替代方法对我有用：http : //connect.microsoft.com/PowerShell/feedback/details/419466/new-webserviceproxy-needs-force-parameter-to-ignore-ssl-errors

基本上，在您的PowerShell脚本中：

add-type @"
    using System.Net;
    using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
    public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
        public bool CheckValidationResult(
            ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
            WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
            return true;
        }
    }
"@
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy

$result = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://IpAddress/resource"

Lee的回答很好，但是我也遇到了Web服务器支持哪些协议的问题。
在还添加了以下几行之后，我可以通过https请求。如在此答案中指出的https://stackoverflow.com/a/36266735

$AllProtocols = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]'Ssl3,Tls,Tls11,Tls12'
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = $AllProtocols

我使用Lee的代码的完整解决方案。

add-type @"
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
    public bool CheckValidationResult(
        ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
        WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
        return true;
    }
}
"@
$AllProtocols = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]'Ssl3,Tls,Tls11,Tls12'
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = $AllProtocols
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy

您尝试使用System.Net.WebClient吗？

$url = 'https://IPADDRESS/resource'
$wc = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$wc.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential("username","password")
$wc.DownloadString($url)

纯的替代实现 电源外壳（没有Add-Type的C＃ 资源）：

#requires -Version 5
#requires -PSEdition Desktop

class TrustAllCertsPolicy : System.Net.ICertificatePolicy {
    [bool] CheckValidationResult([System.Net.ServicePoint] $a,
                                 [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate] $b,
                                 [System.Net.WebRequest] $c,
                                 [int] $d) {
        return $true
    }
}
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = [TrustAllCertsPolicy]::new()

以下代码对我有用（并使用了最新的，不建议使用的方法与SSL证书/回调功能进行交互），并且没有尝试在同一powershell会话中多次加载相同的代码：

if (-not ([System.Management.Automation.PSTypeName]'ServerCertificateValidationCallback').Type)
{
$certCallback=@"
    using System;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Net.Security;
    using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
    public class ServerCertificateValidationCallback
    {
        public static void Ignore()
        {
            if(ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback ==null)
            {
                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += 
                    delegate
                    (
                        Object obj, 
                        X509Certificate certificate, 
                        X509Chain chain, 
                        SslPolicyErrors errors
                    )
                    {
                        return true;
                    };
            }
        }
    }
"@
    Add-Type $certCallback
 }
[ServerCertificateValidationCallback]::Ignore();

改编自以下文章 https://d-fens.ch/2013/12/20/nobrainer-ssl-connection-error-when-using-powershell/

我发现当我使用此回调函数忽略SSL证书时 [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}

我总是收到错误消息Invoke-WebRequest : The underlying connection was closed: An unexpected error occurred on a send.，听起来像是您得到的结果。

我找到了这个论坛帖子，将我带到下面的功能。我在其他代码的范围内运行了一次，它对我有用。

function Ignore-SSLCertificates
{
    $Provider = New-Object Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider
    $Compiler = $Provider.CreateCompiler()
    $Params = New-Object System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters
    $Params.GenerateExecutable = $false
    $Params.GenerateInMemory = $true
    $Params.IncludeDebugInformation = $false
    $Params.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.DLL") > $null
    $TASource=@'
        namespace Local.ToolkitExtensions.Net.CertificatePolicy
        {
            public class TrustAll : System.Net.ICertificatePolicy
            {
                public bool CheckValidationResult(System.Net.ServicePoint sp,System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate cert, System.Net.WebRequest req, int problem)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
'@ 
    $TAResults=$Provider.CompileAssemblyFromSource($Params,$TASource)
    $TAAssembly=$TAResults.CompiledAssembly
    ## We create an instance of TrustAll and attach it to the ServicePointManager
    $TrustAll = $TAAssembly.CreateInstance("Local.ToolkitExtensions.Net.CertificatePolicy.TrustAll")
    [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = $TrustAll
}

我尝试搜索有关EM7 OpenSource REST API的文档。到目前为止没有运气。

http://blog.sciencelogic.com/sciencelogic-em7-the-next-generation/05/2011

关于开源REST API的讨论很多，但是没有链接到实际的API或任何文档。也许我不耐烦。

您可以尝试以下几件事

$a = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri https://IPADDRESS/resource -Credential $cred -certificate $cert 
$a.Results | ConvertFrom-Json

尝试此操作以查看是否可以过滤掉从API获取的列

$a.Results | ft

或者，您也可以尝试使用

$b = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://IPADDRESS/resource -Credential $cred -certificate $cert 
$b.Content | ConvertFrom-Json

卷毛样式标题

$b.Headers

我使用twitter JSON API测试了IRM / IWR。

$a = Invoke-RestMethod http://search.twitter.com/search.json?q=PowerShell 

希望这可以帮助。

调用WebRequest“域名” -SkipCertificateCheck

您可以使用-SkipCertificateCheck Parameter作为单行命令来实现此目的（此参数仅在CORE PSEDITION上受支持）

1. 运行此命令

New-SelfSignedCertificate -certstorelocation cert：\ localmachine \ my -dnsname {您的站点主机名}

在Powershell中使用管理员权限，这将在“个人”目录中生成所有证书

2. 要摆脱“隐私”错误，请选择这些证书，右键单击→复制。并粘贴到受信任的根证书颁发机构/证书中。
3. 最后一步是在IIS中选择正确的绑定。转到IIS网站，选择“绑定”，再选择“ SNI”复选框，然后为每个网站设置单独的证书。

确保网站主机名和证书dns-name应该完全匹配

这些注册表设置会影响.NET Framework 4+，从而影响PowerShell。设置它们并重新启动任何PowerShell会话以使用最新的TLS，无需重新启动。

Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\.NetFramework\v4.0.30319' -Name 'SchUseStrongCrypto' -Value '1' -Type DWord
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\.NetFramework\v4.0.30319' -Name 'SchUseStrongCrypto' -Value '1' -Type DWord 

请参阅https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/framework/network-programming/tls#schusestrongcrypto

如果您以管理员身份运行此错误，该错误应消失