解决方案之间有区别,严格来说,您应该知道调用方将如何调用异步方法,但是默认用法模式假定方法结果上带有 “ .Wait()”-“ return Task.CompletedTask ”是最佳解决方案。
BenchmarkDotNet=v0.10.11, OS=Windows 10 Redstone 3 [1709, Fall Creators Update] (10.0.16299.192)
Processor=Intel Core i5-2500K CPU 3.30GHz (Sandy Bridge), ProcessorCount=4
Frequency=3233537 Hz, Resolution=309.2589 ns, Timer=TSC
.NET Core SDK=2.1.2
[Host] : .NET Core 2.0.3 (Framework 4.6.25815.02), 64bit RyuJIT
Clr : .NET Framework 4.7 (CLR 4.0.30319.42000), 64bit RyuJIT-v4.7.2600.0
Core : .NET Core 2.0.3 (Framework 4.6.25815.02), 64bit RyuJIT
Method | Job | Runtime | Mean | Error | StdDev | Median | Min | Max | Rank | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Allocated |
--------------- |----- |-------- |-------------:|------------:|------------:|-------------:|-------------:|-------------:|-----:|-------:|-------:|-------:|----------:|
CompletedAwait | Clr | Clr | 95.253 ns | 0.7491 ns | 0.6641 ns | 95.100 ns | 94.461 ns | 96.557 ns | 7 | 0.0075 | - | - | 24 B |
Completed | Clr | Clr | 12.036 ns | 0.0659 ns | 0.0617 ns | 12.026 ns | 11.931 ns | 12.154 ns | 2 | 0.0076 | - | - | 24 B |
Pragma | Clr | Clr | 87.868 ns | 0.3923 ns | 0.3670 ns | 87.789 ns | 87.336 ns | 88.683 ns | 6 | 0.0075 | - | - | 24 B |
FromResult | Clr | Clr | 107.009 ns | 0.6671 ns | 0.6240 ns | 107.009 ns | 106.204 ns | 108.247 ns | 8 | 0.0584 | - | - | 184 B |
Yield | Clr | Clr | 1,766.843 ns | 26.5216 ns | 24.8083 ns | 1,770.383 ns | 1,705.386 ns | 1,800.653 ns | 9 | 0.0877 | 0.0038 | 0.0019 | 320 B |
CompletedAwait | Core | Core | 37.201 ns | 0.1961 ns | 0.1739 ns | 37.227 ns | 36.970 ns | 37.559 ns | 4 | 0.0076 | - | - | 24 B |
Completed | Core | Core | 9.017 ns | 0.0690 ns | 0.0577 ns | 9.010 ns | 8.925 ns | 9.128 ns | 1 | 0.0076 | - | - | 24 B |
Pragma | Core | Core | 34.118 ns | 0.4576 ns | 0.4281 ns | 34.259 ns | 33.437 ns | 34.792 ns | 3 | 0.0076 | - | - | 24 B |
FromResult | Core | Core | 46.953 ns | 1.2728 ns | 1.1905 ns | 46.467 ns | 45.674 ns | 49.868 ns | 5 | 0.0533 | - | - | 168 B |
Yield | Core | Core | 2,480.980 ns | 199.4416 ns | 575.4347 ns | 2,291.978 ns | 1,810.644 ns | 4,085.196 ns | 10 | 0.0916 | - | - | 296 B |
注意:FromResult
不能直接比较。
测试代码:
[RankColumn, MinColumn, MaxColumn, StdDevColumn, MedianColumn]
[ClrJob, CoreJob]
[HtmlExporter, MarkdownExporter]
[MemoryDiagnoser]
public class BenchmarkAsyncNotAwaitInterface
{
string context = "text context";
[Benchmark]
public int CompletedAwait()
{
var t = new CompletedAwaitTest();
var a = t.DoAsync(context);
a.Wait();
return t.Length;
}
[Benchmark]
public int Completed()
{
var t = new CompletedTest();
var a = t.DoAsync(context);
a.Wait();
return t.Length;
}
[Benchmark]
public int Pragma()
{
var t = new PragmaTest();
var a = t.DoAsync(context);
a.Wait();
return t.Length;
}
[Benchmark]
public int Yield()
{
var t = new YieldTest();
var a = t.DoAsync(context);
a.Wait();
return t.Length;
}
[Benchmark]
public int FromResult()
{
var t = new FromResultTest();
var t2 = t.DoAsync(context);
return t2.Result;
}
public interface ITestInterface
{
int Length { get; }
Task DoAsync(string context);
}
class CompletedAwaitTest : ITestInterface
{
public int Length { get; private set; }
public async Task DoAsync(string context)
{
Length = context.Length;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
class CompletedTest : ITestInterface
{
public int Length { get; private set; }
public Task DoAsync(string context)
{
Length = context.Length;
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
class PragmaTest : ITestInterface
{
public int Length { get; private set; }
#pragma warning disable 1998
public async Task DoAsync(string context)
{
Length = context.Length;
return;
}
#pragma warning restore 1998
}
class YieldTest : ITestInterface
{
public int Length { get; private set; }
public async Task DoAsync(string context)
{
Length = context.Length;
await Task.Yield();
}
}
public interface ITestInterface2
{
Task<int> DoAsync(string context);
}
class FromResultTest : ITestInterface2
{
public async Task<int> DoAsync(string context)
{
var i = context.Length;
return await Task.FromResult(i);
}
}
}