Answers:
相当慢，但是可以包括任何单词的工作方法：
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word2%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word3%'如果您需要所有单词，请使用以下命令：
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word3%'如果需要更快的速度，则需要研究全文搜索，这对于每种数据库类型都是非常特定的。
word3 word2 word1。
请注意，如果LIKE用于确定一个字符串是否是另一个字符串的子字符串，则必须对搜索字符串中的模式匹配字符进行转义。
如果您的SQL语言支持CHARINDEX，使用它会容易得多：
SELECT * FROM MyTable
WHERE CHARINDEX('word1', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word2', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word3', Column1) > 0另外，请记住，此方法和接受的答案中的方法仅覆盖子字符串匹配，而不是单词匹配。因此，例如，字符串'word1word2word3'仍将匹配。
InStr()改用CHARINDEX
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] ( @sep CHAR(1), @str VARCHAR(512) )
RETURNS TABLE AS
RETURN (
WITH Pieces(pn, start, stop) AS (
SELECT 1, 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str)
UNION ALL
SELECT pn + 1, stop + 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str, stop + 1)
FROM Pieces
WHERE stop > 0
)
SELECT
pn AS Id,
SUBSTRING(@str, start, CASE WHEN stop > 0 THEN stop - start ELSE 512 END) AS Data
FROM
Pieces
) DECLARE @FilterTable TABLE (Data VARCHAR(512))
INSERT INTO @FilterTable (Data)
SELECT DISTINCT S.Data
FROM fnSplit(' ', 'word1 word2 word3') S -- Contains words
SELECT DISTINCT
T.*
FROM
MyTable T
INNER JOIN @FilterTable F1 ON T.Column1 LIKE '%' + F1.Data + '%'
LEFT JOIN @FilterTable F2 ON T.Column1 NOT LIKE '%' + F2.Data + '%'
WHERE
F2.Data IS NULL代替SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3'，在这些词之间添加And：
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 And word2 And word3'有关详细信息，请参见此处 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187787.aspx
更新
要选择短语，请使用双引号，例如：
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS '"Phrase one" And word2 And "Phrase Two"'ps您必须先在表上启用全文搜索，然后才能使用contains关键字。有关更多详细信息，请参见此处 https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql/relational-databases/search/get-started-with-full-text-search
如果使用的是Oracle数据库，则可以使用包含查询来实现。包含查询比类似查询更快。
如果你需要所有的话
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 and word2 and word3', 1) > 0如果您需要任何话
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 or word2 or word3', 1) > 0列上包含CONTEXT类型的需求索引。
CREATE INDEX SEARCH_IDX ON MyTable(Column) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT如果您只想找到一个匹配项。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR('word1 word2 word3',Column1)<>0SQL Server：
CHARINDEX(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3', 1)<>0获得完全匹配。示例(';a;ab;ac;',';b;')将不匹配。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR(';word1;word2;word3;',';'||Column1||';')<>0尝试在MS SQL Server的全文本索引中使用“ tesarus搜索”。如果您有数百万条记录，这比在搜索中使用“％”更好。tesarus的内存消耗比其他小。尝试搜索此功能:)
最好的方法是在表中的列上建立全文索引，并使用Contain代替LIKE
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
contains(Column1 , N'word1' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word2' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word3' )实现问题中最简单的方法之一是将CONTAINS与NEAR或'〜'一起使用。例如，以下查询将为我们提供所有包含word1，word2和word3的列。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 NEAR word2 NEAR word3')
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 ~ word2 ~ word3')另外，CONTAINSTABLE基于“ word1”，“ word2”和“ word3”的接近程度返回每个文档的等级。例如，如果一个文档包含句子“单词1是单词2和单词3”，则其排名会很高，因为这些术语比其他文档更接近彼此。
我想补充的另一件事是，我们还可以使用接近性项查找单词在列词组内单词之间的特定距离内的列。
理想情况下，如果使用此工具，应在sql server全文搜索的帮助下完成。但是，如果由于某种原因而无法在数据库上正常工作，则可以使用以下性能密集型解决方案：
-- table to search in
CREATE TABLE dbo.myTable
(
myTableId int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
code varchar(200) NOT NULL,
description varchar(200) NOT NULL -- this column contains the values we are going to search in
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
-- function to split space separated search string into individual words
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (@StringInput nvarchar(max),
@Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS @OutputTable TABLE (
id nvarchar(1000)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @String nvarchar(100);
WHILE LEN(@StringInput) > 0
BEGIN
SET @String = LEFT(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @StringInput) - 1, -1),
LEN(@StringInput)));
SET @StringInput = SUBSTRING(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX
(
@Delimiter, @StringInput
),
0
), LEN
(
@StringInput)
)
+ 1, LEN(@StringInput));
INSERT INTO @OutputTable (id)
VALUES (@String);
END;
RETURN;
END;
GO
-- this is the search script which can be optionally converted to a stored procedure /function
declare @search varchar(max) = 'infection upper acute genito'; -- enter your search string here
-- the searched string above should give rows containing the following
-- infection in upper side with acute genitointestinal tract
-- acute infection in upper teeth
-- acute genitointestinal pain
if (len(trim(@search)) = 0) -- if search string is empty, just return records ordered alphabetically
begin
select 1 as Priority ,myTableid, code, Description from myTable order by Description
return;
end
declare @splitTable Table(
wordRank int Identity(1,1), -- individual words are assinged priority order (in order of occurence/position)
word varchar(200)
)
declare @nonWordTable Table( -- table to trim out auxiliary verbs, prepositions etc. from the search
id varchar(200)
)
insert into @nonWordTable values
('of'),
('with'),
('at'),
('in'),
('for'),
('on'),
('by'),
('like'),
('up'),
('off'),
('near'),
('is'),
('are'),
(','),
(':'),
(';')
insert into @splitTable
select id from dbo.fnSplit(@search,' '); -- this function gives you a table with rows containing all the space separated words of the search like in this e.g., the output will be -
-- id
-------------
-- infection
-- upper
-- acute
-- genito
delete s from @splitTable s join @nonWordTable n on s.word = n.id; -- trimming out non-words here
declare @countOfSearchStrings int = (select count(word) from @splitTable); -- count of space separated words for search
declare @highestPriority int = POWER(@countOfSearchStrings,3);
with plainMatches as
(
select myTableid, @highestPriority as Priority from myTable where Description like @search -- exact matches have highest priority
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-1 as Priority from myTable where Description like @search + '%' -- then with something at the end
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-2 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search -- then with something at the beginning
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-3 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search + '%' -- then if the word falls somewhere in between
),
splitWordMatches as( -- give each searched word a rank based on its position in the searched string
-- and calculate its char index in the field to search
select myTable.myTableid, (@countOfSearchStrings - s.wordRank) as Priority, s.word,
wordIndex = CHARINDEX(s.word, myTable.Description) from myTable join @splitTable s on myTable.Description like '%'+ s.word + '%'
-- and not exists(select myTableid from plainMatches p where p.myTableId = myTable.myTableId) -- need not look into myTables that have already been found in plainmatches as they are highest ranked
-- this one takes a long time though, so commenting it, will have no impact on the result
),
matchingRowsWithAllWords as (
select myTableid, count(myTableid) as myTableCount from splitWordMatches group by(myTableid) having count(myTableid) = @countOfSearchStrings
)
, -- trim off the CTE here if you don't care about the ordering of words to be considered for priority
wordIndexRatings as( -- reverse the char indexes retrived above so that words occuring earlier have higher weightage
-- and then normalize them to sequential values
select s.myTableid, Priority, word, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by s.myTableid order by wordindex desc) as comparativeWordIndex
from splitWordMatches s join matchingRowsWithAllWords m on s.myTableId = m.myTableId
)
,
wordIndexSequenceRatings as ( -- need to do this to ensure that if the same set of words from search string is found in two rows,
-- their sequence in the field value is taken into account for higher priority
select w.myTableid, w.word, (w.Priority + w.comparativeWordIndex + coalesce(sequncedPriority ,0)) as Priority
from wordIndexRatings w left join
(
select w1.myTableid, w1.priority, w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex, count(w1.myTableid) as sequncedPriority
from wordIndexRatings w1 join wordIndexRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId and w1.Priority > w2.Priority and w1.comparativeWordIndex>w2.comparativeWordIndex
group by w1.myTableid, w1.priority,w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex
)
sequencedPriority on w.myTableId = sequencedPriority.myTableId and w.Priority = sequencedPriority.Priority
),
prioritizedSplitWordMatches as ( -- this calculates the cumulative priority for a field value
select w1.myTableId, sum(w1.Priority) as OverallPriority from wordIndexSequenceRatings w1 join wordIndexSequenceRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId
where w1.word <> w2.word group by w1.myTableid
),
completeSet as (
select myTableid, priority from plainMatches -- get plain matches which should be highest ranked
union
select myTableid, OverallPriority as priority from prioritizedSplitWordMatches -- get ranked split word matches (which are ordered based on word rank in search string and sequence)
),
maximizedCompleteSet as( -- set the priority of a field value = maximum priority for that field value
select myTableid, max(priority) as Priority from completeSet group by myTableId
)
select priority, myTable.myTableid , code, Description from maximizedCompleteSet m join myTable on m.myTableId = myTable.myTableId
order by Priority desc, Description -- order by priority desc to get highest rated items on top
--offset 0 rows fetch next 50 rows only -- optional paging
DECLARE @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
SET @SearchStr = ' '
CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar', 'int', 'decimal')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
)
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #Results
EXEC
(
'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
)
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
DROP TABLE #Resultsselect * from table where name regexp '^word[1-3]$'要么
select * from table where name in ('word1','word2','word3')