Answers:
优点：
缺点：
优点：
缺点：
优点：
缺点：
优点：
缺点：
优点：
缺点：
优点：
缺点：
您可以将数据输出为html表格单元格，在其上粘贴.xls或.xlsx扩展名，Excel会像打开本机文档一样打开它。您甚至可以通过这种方式进行一些有限的格式和公式计算，因此它比CSV强大得多。另外，从诸如ASP.Net的Web平台输出html表应该非常容易。
如果您在Excel工作簿中需要多个工作表或命名工作表，则可以通过称为的XML模式执行类似的操作SpreadSheetML。这不是 Office 2007附带的新格式，而是一种可以完全追溯到Excel 2000的完全不同的格式。最简单的解释方法是通过一个示例：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
<Author>Your_name_here</Author>
<LastAuthor>Your_name_here</LastAuthor>
<Created>20080625</Created>
<Company>ABC Inc</Company>
<Version>10.2625</Version>
</DocumentProperties>
<ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
<WindowHeight>6135</WindowHeight>
<WindowWidth>8445</WindowWidth>
<WindowTopX>240</WindowTopX>
<WindowTopY>120</WindowTopY>
<ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>
<ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>
</ExcelWorkbook>
<Styles>
<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom" />
<Borders />
<Font />
<Interior />
<NumberFormat />
<Protection />
</Style>
</Styles>
<Worksheet ss:Name="Sample Sheet 1">
<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="2" x:FullColumns="1" x:FullRows="1" ID="Table1">
<Column ss:Width="150" />
<Column ss:Width="200" />
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">1</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">2</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">3</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">4</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">5</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">6</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">7</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="Number">8</Data></Cell>
</Row>
</Table>
</Worksheet>
<Worksheet ss:Name="Sample Sheet 2">
<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="2" x:FullColumns="1" x:FullRows="1" ID="Table2">
<Column ss:Width="150" />
<Column ss:Width="200" />
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">A</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">B</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">C</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">D</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">E</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">F</Data></Cell>
</Row>
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">G</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">H</Data></Cell>
</Row>
</Table>
</Worksheet>
</Workbook> 如果来自数据表：
public static void DataTabletoXLS(DataTable DT, string fileName)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "utf-16";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("windows-1250");
HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}.xls", fileName));
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
string tab = "";
foreach (DataColumn dc in DT.Columns)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tab + dc.ColumnName.Replace("\n", "").Replace("\t", ""));
tab = "\t";
}
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("\n");
int i;
foreach (DataRow dr in DT.Rows)
{
tab = "";
for (i = 0; i < DT.Columns.Count; i++)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tab + dr[i].ToString().Replace("\n", "").Replace("\t", ""));
tab = "\t";
}
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("\n");
}
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}从Gridview：
public static void GridviewtoXLS(GridView gv, string fileName)
{
int DirtyBit = 0;
int PageSize = 0;
if (gv.AllowPaging == true)
{
DirtyBit = 1;
PageSize = gv.PageSize;
gv.AllowPaging = false;
gv.DataBind();
}
HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("windows-1250");
HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader(
"content-disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}.xls", fileName));
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
using (HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw))
{
// Create a table to contain the grid
Table table = new Table();
// include the gridline settings
table.GridLines = gv.GridLines;
// add the header row to the table
if (gv.HeaderRow != null)
{
Utilities.Export.PrepareControlForExport(gv.HeaderRow);
table.Rows.Add(gv.HeaderRow);
}
// add each of the data rows to the table
foreach (GridViewRow row in gv.Rows)
{
Utilities.Export.PrepareControlForExport(row);
table.Rows.Add(row);
}
// add the footer row to the table
if (gv.FooterRow != null)
{
Utilities.Export.PrepareControlForExport(gv.FooterRow);
table.Rows.Add(gv.FooterRow);
}
// render the table into the htmlwriter
table.RenderControl(htw);
// render the htmlwriter into the response
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(sw.ToString().Replace("£", ""));
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
if (DirtyBit == 1)
{
gv.PageSize = PageSize;
gv.AllowPaging = true;
gv.DataBind();
}
}
private static void PrepareControlForExport(Control control)
{
for (int i = 0; i < control.Controls.Count; i++)
{
Control current = control.Controls[i];
if (current is LinkButton)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as LinkButton).Text));
}
else if (current is ImageButton)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as ImageButton).AlternateText));
}
else if (current is HyperLink)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as HyperLink).Text));
}
else if (current is DropDownList)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text));
}
else if (current is CheckBox)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as CheckBox).Checked ? "True" : "False"));
}
if (current.HasControls())
{
Utilities.Export.PrepareControlForExport(current);
}
}
}根据给出的答案并与同事协商，看来最好的解决方案是生成XML文件或HTML表并将其作为附件下推。我的同事建议的一项更改是，可以将数据（即HTML表）直接写入Response对象，从而消除了写出文件的需要，由于权限问题，I / O可能会很麻烦。争用，并确保按计划进行清除。
这是一段代码...我还没有检查过，也没有提供所有被调用的代码，但是我认为它很好地表达了这个想法。
Dim uiTable As HtmlTable = GetUiTable(groupedSumData)
Response.Clear()
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", String.Format("inline; filename=OSSummery{0:ddmmssf}.xls", DateTime.Now))
Dim writer As New System.IO.StringWriter()
Dim htmlWriter As New HtmlTextWriter(writer)
uiTable.RenderControl(htmlWriter)
Response.Write(writer.ToString)
Response.End()由于Excel可以理解HTML，因此您可以将数据作为HTML表写到扩展名为.xls的临时文件中，获取文件的FileInfo，然后使用
Response.Clear();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fi.Name);
Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", fi.Length.ToString());
Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
Response.WriteFile(fi.FullName);
Response.End();如果要避免使用临时文件，则可以写入内存流并将字节写回，而不是使用WriteFile
如果省略了content-length标头，则可以直接将html写回，但这可能无法在所有浏览器中始终正常运行
我已经做过几次，每次最简单的方法就是简单地返回CSV（逗号分隔值）文件。Excel可以完美地导入它，并且执行起来相对较快。
我们一直从datagrid导出数据以保持卓越。将其转换为HTML，然后写入Excel文件
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
Response.Charset = ""
Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "fileattachment;filename=YOURFILENAME.xls")
Me.EnableViewState = False
Dim sw As System.IO.StringWriter = New System.IO.StringWriter
Dim hw As HtmlTextWriter = New HtmlTextWriter(sw)
ClearControls(grid)
grid.RenderControl(hw)
Response.Write(sw.ToString())
Response.End()使用此方法的唯一陷阱是，我们的许多网格中都包含按钮或链接，因此您也需要这样做：
'needed to export grid to excel to remove link button control and represent as text
Private Sub ClearControls(ByVal control As Control)
Dim i As Integer
For i = control.Controls.Count - 1 To 0 Step -1
ClearControls(control.Controls(i))
Next i
If TypeOf control Is System.Web.UI.WebControls.Image Then
control.Parent.Controls.Remove(control)
End If
If (Not TypeOf control Is TableCell) Then
If Not (control.GetType().GetProperty("SelectedItem") Is Nothing) Then
Dim literal As New LiteralControl
control.Parent.Controls.Add(literal)
Try
literal.Text = CStr(control.GetType().GetProperty("SelectedItem").GetValue(control, Nothing))
Catch
End Try
control.Parent.Controls.Remove(control)
Else
If Not (control.GetType().GetProperty("Text") Is Nothing) Then
Dim literal As New LiteralControl
control.Parent.Controls.Add(literal)
literal.Text = CStr(control.GetType().GetProperty("Text").GetValue(control, Nothing))
control.Parent.Controls.Remove(control)
End If
End If
End If
Return
End Sub我发现在某个地方，它运作良好。
我推荐基于OpenXML的免费开源excel生成库
几个月前对我有帮助。
这是一个从存储过程中提取的报告。结果将导出到Excel。它使用ADO而不是ADO.NET，这是此行的原因
oSheet.Cells(2, 1).copyfromrecordset(rst1)它完成了大部分工作，而ado.net则不提供。
‘Calls stored proc in SQL Server 2000 and puts data in Excel and ‘formats it
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim cnn As ADODB.Connection
cnn = New ADODB.Connection
cnn.Open("Provider=SQLOLEDB;data source=xxxxxxx;" & _
"database=xxxxxxxx;Trusted_Connection=yes;")
Dim cmd As New ADODB.Command
cmd.ActiveConnection = cnn
cmd.CommandText = "[sp_TomTepley]"
cmd.CommandType = ADODB.CommandTypeEnum.adCmdStoredProc
cmd.CommandTimeout = 0
cmd.Parameters.Refresh()
Dim rst1 As ADODB.Recordset
rst1 = New ADODB.Recordset
rst1.Open(cmd)
Dim oXL As New Excel.Application
Dim oWB As Excel.Workbook
Dim oSheet As Excel.Worksheet
'oXL = CreateObject("excel.application")
oXL.Visible = True
oWB = oXL.Workbooks.Add
oSheet = oWB.ActiveSheet
Dim Column As Integer
Column = 1
Dim fld As ADODB.Field
For Each fld In rst1.Fields
oXL.Workbooks(1).Worksheets(1).Cells(1, Column).Value = fld.Name
oXL.Workbooks(1).Worksheets(1).cells(1, Column).Interior.ColorIndex = 15
Column = Column + 1
Next fld
oXL.Workbooks(1).Worksheets(1).name = "Tom Tepley Report"
oSheet.Cells(2, 1).copyfromrecordset(rst1)
oXL.Workbooks(1).Worksheets(1).Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit()
oXL.Visible = True
oXL.UserControl = True
rst1 = Nothing
cnn.Close()
Beep()
End Sub如果用数据填充GridView，则可以使用此功能获取HTML格式的数据，但指示浏览器是excel文件。
Public Sub ExportToExcel(ByVal fileName As String, ByVal gv As GridView)
HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear()
HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment; filename={0}", fileName))
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"
Dim sw As StringWriter = New StringWriter
Dim htw As HtmlTextWriter = New HtmlTextWriter(sw)
Dim table As Table = New Table
table.GridLines = gv.GridLines
If (Not (gv.HeaderRow) Is Nothing) Then
PrepareControlForExport(gv.HeaderRow)
table.Rows.Add(gv.HeaderRow)
End If
For Each row As GridViewRow In gv.Rows
PrepareControlForExport(row)
table.Rows.Add(row)
Next
If (Not (gv.FooterRow) Is Nothing) Then
PrepareControlForExport(gv.FooterRow)
table.Rows.Add(gv.FooterRow)
End If
table.RenderControl(htw)
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(sw.ToString)
HttpContext.Current.Response.End()
End Sub
Private Sub PrepareControlForExport(ByVal control As Control)
Dim i As Integer = 0
Do While (i < control.Controls.Count)
Dim current As Control = control.Controls(i)
If (TypeOf current Is LinkButton) Then
control.Controls.Remove(current)
control.Controls.AddAt(i, New LiteralControl(CType(current, LinkButton).Text))
ElseIf (TypeOf current Is ImageButton) Then
control.Controls.Remove(current)
control.Controls.AddAt(i, New LiteralControl(CType(current, ImageButton).AlternateText))
ElseIf (TypeOf current Is HyperLink) Then
control.Controls.Remove(current)
control.Controls.AddAt(i, New LiteralControl(CType(current, HyperLink).Text))
ElseIf (TypeOf current Is DropDownList) Then
control.Controls.Remove(current)
control.Controls.AddAt(i, New LiteralControl(CType(current, DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text))
ElseIf (TypeOf current Is CheckBox) Then
control.Controls.Remove(current)
control.Controls.AddAt(i, New LiteralControl(CType(current, CheckBox).Checked))
End If
If current.HasControls Then
PrepareControlForExport(current)
End If
i = i + 1
Loop
End Sub只需通过Microsoft.Office.Interop命名空间避免COM Interop。它是如此的缓慢，不可靠和不可扩展。不适用于受虐狂。
您可以使用此库轻松创建格式良好的Excel文件：http : //officehelper.codeplex.com/documentation。
无需在网络服务器上安装Microsoft Office！
CSV是最简单的方法。大多数情况下，它链接到Excel。否则，您必须使用自动化API或XML格式。API和XML并不难使用。
伙计，在.net中，我想您可能有一个可以做到这一点的组件，但是在经典的ASP中，我已经完成了它的工作，它创建了一个html表并将页面的mime tipe更改为vnd / msexcel。我猜想，如果您使用gridview并更改mime类型，也许应该可以使用，因为gridview是html表。
假设这是用于Intranet的，您可以在其中设置权限和授权IE，则可以使用驱动Excel的JScript / VBScript生成工作簿客户端。这为您提供了本机Excel格式，而无需尝试在服务器上自动执行Excel的麻烦。
除了在相当特殊的情况下，我不确定是否会真的推荐这种方法，但是在经典的ASP鼎盛时期它是相当普遍的。
当然，您始终可以使用第三方组件。就我个人而言，我在Spire.XLS方面拥有良好的经验http://www.e-iceblue.com/xls/xlsintro.htm
该组件在您的应用程序中非常易于使用：
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
//Load workbook from disk.
workbook.LoadFromFile(@"Data\EditSheetSample.xls");
//Initailize worksheet
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
//Writes string
sheet.Range["B1"].Text = "Hello,World!";
//Writes number
sheet.Range["B2"].NumberValue = 1234.5678;
//Writes date
sheet.Range["B3"].DateTimeValue = System.DateTime.Now;
//Writes formula
sheet.Range["B4"].Formula = "=1111*11111";
workbook.SaveToFile("Sample.xls");我使用上述建议的解决方案之一遇到的问题之一与该答案类似，就是如果您将内容作为附件推出（对于非ms浏览器，我发现这是最干净的解决方案） ，然后在Excel 2000-2003中打开它，它的类型是“ Excel Web Page”而不是本机Excel文档。
然后，您必须向用户解释如何在Excel中使用“另存为类型”将其转换为Excel文档。如果用户需要编辑此文档，然后将其重新上传到您的站点，这会很麻烦。
我的建议是使用CSV。这很简单，如果用户确实从Excel中打开它，则Excel至少会提示他们以本机格式保存它。
这是一个解决方案，可将数据表以CSV格式流出。快速，干净和容易，并且可以处理输入中的逗号。
public static void ExportToExcel(DataTable data, HttpResponse response, string fileName)
{
response.Charset = "utf-8";
response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("windows-1250");
response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.NoCache);
response.ContentType = "text/csv";
response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
for (int i = 0; i < data.Columns.Count; i++)
{
response.Write(data.Columns[i].ColumnName);
response.Write(i == data.Columns.Count - 1 ? "\n" : ",");
}
foreach (DataRow row in data.Rows)
{
for (int i = 0; i < data.Columns.Count; i++)
{
response.Write(String.Format("\"{0}\"", row[i].ToString()));
response.Write(i == data.Columns.Count - 1 ? "\n" : ",");
}
}
response.End();
}刚刚创建了一个从Web窗体C＃导出到Excel的函数，希望它对其他人有帮助
public void ExportFileFromSPData(string filename, DataTable dt)
{
HttpResponse response = HttpContext.Current.Response;
//clean up the response.object
response.Clear();
response.Buffer = true;
response.Charset = "";
// set the response mime type for html so you can see what are you printing
//response.ContentType = "text/html";
//response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=test.html");
// set the response mime type for excel
response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=\"" + filename + "\"");
response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
response.BinaryWrite(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetPreamble());
//style to format numbers to string
string style = @"<style> .text { mso-number-format:\@; } </style>";
response.Write(style);
// create a string writer
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
using (HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw))
{
// instantiate a datagrid
GridView dg = new GridView();
dg.DataSource = dt;
dg.DataBind();
foreach (GridViewRow datarow in dg.Rows)
{
//format specific cell to be text
//to avoid 1.232323+E29 to get 1232312312312312124124
datarow.Cells[0].Attributes.Add("class", "text");
}
dg.RenderControl(htw);
response.Write(sw.ToString());
response.End();
}
}
}如果必须使用Excel而不是CSV文件，则需要在服务器上的一个Excel实例上使用OLE自动化。最简单的方法是拥有一个模板文件，并以编程方式将其填充数据。您将其保存到另一个文件。
提示：
如果您不介意文件的格式有点基本，则某些“使用mime类型诱骗excel来打开HTML表”方法会起作用。这些方法还会使CPU繁重的工作拖到客户端上。如果要对电子表格的格式进行细粒度的控制，则可能必须如上所述使用Excel本身来生成文件。