我知道这是一个很老的问题，但是我最近处理了这个问题。让我知道您对这种解决方案的看法。
我创建了一个实用程序，可让我强烈键入参数并使它们为可选。您基本上将功能包装在代理中。如果跳过参数，则它是undefined。如果您具有多个彼此相邻且类型相同的可选参数，则可能会很奇怪。（有一些选项可以传递函数而不是类型来进行自定义参数检查，以及为每个参数指定默认值。）
这是实现的样子：
function displayOverlay(/*message, timeout, callback*/) {
return arrangeArgs(arguments, String, Number, Function,
function(message, timeout, callback) {
/* ... your code ... */
});
};
为了清楚起见，这是怎么回事：
function displayOverlay(/*message, timeout, callback*/) {
//arrangeArgs is the proxy
return arrangeArgs(
//first pass in the original arguments
arguments,
//then pass in the type for each argument
String, Number, Function,
//lastly, pass in your function and the proxy will do the rest!
function(message, timeout, callback) {
//debug output of each argument to verify it's working
console.log("message", message, "timeout", timeout, "callback", callback);
/* ... your code ... */
}
);
};
您可以在我的GitHub存储库中查看rangingArgs代理代码：
https://github.com/joelvh/Sysmo.js/blob/master/sysmo.js
这是实用程序功能，其中包含从存储库复制的一些注释：
/*
****** Overview ******
*
* Strongly type a function's arguments to allow for any arguments to be optional.
*
* Other resources:
* http://ejohn.org/blog/javascript-method-overloading/
*
****** Example implementation ******
*
* //all args are optional... will display overlay with default settings
* var displayOverlay = function() {
* return Sysmo.optionalArgs(arguments,
* String, [Number, false, 0], Function,
* function(message, timeout, callback) {
* var overlay = new Overlay(message);
* overlay.timeout = timeout;
* overlay.display({onDisplayed: callback});
* });
* }
*
****** Example function call ******
*
* //the window.alert() function is the callback, message and timeout are not defined.
* displayOverlay(alert);
*
* //displays the overlay after 500 miliseconds, then alerts... message is not defined.
* displayOverlay(500, alert);
*
****** Setup ******
*
* arguments = the original arguments to the function defined in your javascript API.
* config = describe the argument type
* - Class - specify the type (e.g. String, Number, Function, Array)
* - [Class/function, boolean, default] - pass an array where the first value is a class or a function...
* The "boolean" indicates if the first value should be treated as a function.
* The "default" is an optional default value to use instead of undefined.
*
*/
arrangeArgs: function (/* arguments, config1 [, config2] , callback */) {
//config format: [String, false, ''], [Number, false, 0], [Function, false, function(){}]
//config doesn't need a default value.
//config can also be classes instead of an array if not required and no default value.
var configs = Sysmo.makeArray(arguments),
values = Sysmo.makeArray(configs.shift()),
callback = configs.pop(),
args = [],
done = function() {
//add the proper number of arguments before adding remaining values
if (!args.length) {
args = Array(configs.length);
}
//fire callback with args and remaining values concatenated
return callback.apply(null, args.concat(values));
};
//if there are not values to process, just fire callback
if (!values.length) {
return done();
}
//loop through configs to create more easily readable objects
for (var i = 0; i < configs.length; i++) {
var config = configs[i];
//make sure there's a value
if (values.length) {
//type or validator function
var fn = config[0] || config,
//if config[1] is true, use fn as validator,
//otherwise create a validator from a closure to preserve fn for later use
validate = (config[1]) ? fn : function(value) {
return value.constructor === fn;
};
//see if arg value matches config
if (validate(values[0])) {
args.push(values.shift());
continue;
}
}
//add a default value if there is no value in the original args
//or if the type didn't match
args.push(config[2]);
}
return done();
}