Answers:
从文档(Android Studio基于Intellij IDEA):
无论您在IntelliJ IDEA中做什么,都可以在项目环境中进行。项目是代表完整软件解决方案的组织单位。
您的成品可能会分解为一系列离散的,隔离的模块,但这是一个项目定义,将它们组合在一起并将它们联系在一起成为一个更大的整体。
对于Android,这意味着每个应用程序一个项目,每个库和每个测试应用程序一个模块。
如果您尝试在同一项目中构建多个应用程序,则会出现多个问题。有可能,但是如果您尝试(像我一样),您会发现几乎所有内容都旨在与每个项目的单个应用程序一起使用。
例如,有一个选项“重建项目”,这对于多个应用程序没有任何意义,许多其他项目设置将毫无用处,并且当您有多个存储库时,内置的VCS系统也不是很好。
吻答案:
模块在Android的工作室就像一个项目在Eclipse中
项目在Android的工作室就像一个工作区在Eclipse中
模块为应用程序的源代码,资源文件和应用程序级别设置(例如模块级别的构建文件和Android清单文件)提供了容器。每个模块都可以独立构建,测试和调试。
Android Studio使用模块可以轻松地将新设备添加到项目中。通过在Android Studio中执行一些简单的步骤,您可以创建一个模块,以包含特定于设备类型(例如Wear OS或Android TV)的代码。Android Studio会自动创建模块目录(例如源目录和资源目录)以及适用于设备类型的默认build.gradle文件。此外,Android Studio会使用推荐的构建配置来创建设备模块,例如将Leanback库用于Android TV模块。
例如:
除了这些,您还可以有一个“本地库模块”。假设您将帐户管理框架开发为最终要在您的App中使用的库模块,则可以将其作为同一项目中的单独模块来进行开发。要将其包含在您的应用中,您将必须编写如下内容:
compile project(':mylibrary')
医生说,
这声明了对名为“ mylibrary”的Android库模块的依赖性(此名称必须与在settings.gradle文件中定义为include的库名称匹配)。它要求构建系统将库模块与您的应用程序模块一起编译,并将生成的AAR文件包含在您的APK中。
最后,Intellij提到了有关模块配置文件的更多详细信息:
模块的配置信息存储在.iml模块文件中。默认情况下,此类文件位于模块的内容根文件夹中。
通常,开发团队
.iml
通过版本控制共享模块文件。
这个.iml
文件看起来有点吓人。这是我的项目中的一个示例:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<module external.linked.project.id=":app" external.linked.project.path="$MODULE_DIR$" external.root.project.path="$MODULE_DIR$/.." external.system.id="GRADLE" external.system.module.group="LearnCity" external.system.module.version="unspecified" type="JAVA_MODULE" version="4">
<component name="FacetManager">
<facet type="android-gradle" name="Android-Gradle">
<configuration>
<option name="GRADLE_PROJECT_PATH" value=":app" />
</configuration>
</facet>
<facet type="android" name="Android">
<configuration>
<option name="SELECTED_BUILD_VARIANT" value="debug" />
<option name="ASSEMBLE_TASK_NAME" value="assembleDebug" />
<option name="COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME" value="compileDebugSources" />
<afterSyncTasks>
<task>generateDebugSources</task>
</afterSyncTasks>
<option name="ALLOW_USER_CONFIGURATION" value="false" />
<option name="MANIFEST_FILE_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" />
<option name="RES_FOLDER_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout" />
<option name="RES_FOLDERS_RELATIVE_PATH" value="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/res" />
<option name="ASSETS_FOLDER_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/assets" />
</configuration>
</facet>
</component>
<component name="NewModuleRootManager" LANGUAGE_LEVEL="JDK_1_7" inherit-compiler-output="false">
<output url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes/debug" />
<output-test url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes/test/debug" />
<exclude-output />
<content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/r/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/aidl/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/buildConfig/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/rs/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/apt/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/google-services/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/rs/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/resValues/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/r/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/aidl/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/buildConfig/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/rs/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/apt/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/rs/androidTest/debug" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/resValues/androidTest/debug" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/res" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/resources" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/assets" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/aidl" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/java" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/rs" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/shaders" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/resources" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/assets" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/aidl" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/java" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/rs" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/shaders" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/assets" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/blame" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/builds" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-runtime-classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-safeguard" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-verifier" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/instant-run-resources" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/instant-run-support" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/jniLibs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/manifests" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/multi-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/pre-dexed" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/reload-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/res" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/restart-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/rs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/shaders" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/split-apk" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/symbols" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/transforms" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/outputs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/tmp" />
</content>
<orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Android API 25 Platform" jdkType="Android SDK" />
<orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="google-http-client-android-1.22.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-analytics-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-core-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-auth-base-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="gson-2.8.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-tasks-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="constraint-layout-1.0.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="appengine-api-1.0-sdk-1.9.50" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="design-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="android-job-1.1.8" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="transition-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-base-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="multispinner-0.1.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-auth-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-core-ui-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="simpleratingbar-0.1.5" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-maps-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-location-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-iid-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-core-utils-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="jsr305-2.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-fragment-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="multidex-instrumentation-1.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="constraint-layout-solver-1.0.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="androidannotations-api-3.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="java-uuid-generator-3.1.4" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="google-http-client-1.22.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-messaging-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-analytics-impl-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-common-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="eventbus-3.0.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="cat-1.0.5" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-basement-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-compat-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-v4-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="multidex-1.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="hamcrest-core-1.3" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-media-compat-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="junit-4.12" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="recyclerview-v7-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="appcompat-v7-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="animated-vector-drawable-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-annotations-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-vector-drawable-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="module" module-name="backend" exported="" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="android-android-25" level="project" />
</component>
</module>
@Deprecated
吗?)。这更有意义。
IntelliJ IDEA为您使用的整个代码库创建一个项目,并为其每个单独的组件创建一个模块。因此,IntelliJ IDEA模块更像是一个Eclipse项目,并且该项目与Eclipse工作区大致相似。包含您所有工作的Eclipse工作空间并不完全等效,但是您可以同时在多个框架中打开多个项目。
这是Eclipse用户的IntelliJ IDEA问答页面-
http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/documentation/migration_faq.html
提到@Oded Breiner的答案,我会说:
模块在Android的工作室就像一个项目在Eclipse中
项目在Android的工作室就像一个工作组在Eclipse中