如何仅使用两个指针来反转单链列表？

我想知道是否存在仅使用两个指针来反转单链列表的逻辑。

以下是用于逆转使用三个指针即单链表p，q，r：

struct node {
    int data;
    struct node *link;
};

void reverse() {
    struct node *p = first,
                *q = NULL,
                *r;

    while (p != NULL) {
        r = q;
        q = p;
        p = p->link;
        q->link = r;
    }
    first = q;
}

还有其他替代方法可以反向链接列表吗？就时间复杂度而言，颠倒单个链表的最佳逻辑是什么？

还有其他选择吗？不，这很简单，并且没有根本不同的方法。该算法已经是O（n）时间，您无法获得比这更快的速度，因为您必须修改每个节点。

看起来您的代码在正确的轨道上，但是在上面的形式中并不能很好地工作。这是一个工作版本：

#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct Node {
  char data;
  struct Node* next;
} Node;

void print_list(Node* root) {
  while (root) {
    printf("%c ", root->data);
    root = root->next;
  }
  printf("\n");
}

Node* reverse(Node* root) {
  Node* new_root = 0;
  while (root) {
    Node* next = root->next;
    root->next = new_root;
    new_root = root;
    root = next;
  }
  return new_root;
}

int main() {
  Node d = { 'd', 0 };
  Node c = { 'c', &d };
  Node b = { 'b', &c };
  Node a = { 'a', &b };

  Node* root = &a;
  print_list(root);
  root = reverse(root);
  print_list(root);

  return 0;
}

我不愿成为坏消息的承担者，但我认为您的三点解决方案不起作用。当我在以下测试工具中使用它时，根据以下输出，该列表减少到一个节点：

==========
4
3
2
1
0
==========
4
==========

解决方案的时间复杂度为O（n），因此您将获得比其解决方案更好的时间复杂度，而且您必须访问每个节点以更改指针，但是 可以非常轻松地仅使用两个额外的指针来完成解决方案，如以下代码所示：

#include <stdio.h>

// The list element type and head.

struct node { 
    int data;
    struct node *link;
};
static struct node *first = NULL;

// A reverse function which uses only two extra pointers.

void reverse() {
    // curNode traverses the list, first is reset to empty list.
    struct node *curNode = first, *nxtNode;
    first = NULL;

    // Until no more in list, insert current before first and advance.
    while (curNode != NULL) {
        // Need to save next node since we're changing the current.
        nxtNode = curNode->link;

        // Insert at start of new list.
        curNode->link = first;
        first = curNode;

        // Advance to next.
        curNode = nxtNode;
    }
}

// Code to dump the current list.

static void dumpNodes() {
    struct node *curNode = first;
    printf ("==========\n");
    while (curNode != NULL) {
        printf ("%d\n", curNode->data);
        curNode = curNode->link;
    }
}

// Test harness main program.

int main (void) {
    int i;
    struct node *newnode;

    // Create list (using actually the same insert-before-first
    // that is used in reverse function.

    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        newnode = malloc (sizeof (struct node));
        newnode->data = i;
        newnode->link = first;
        first = newnode;
    }

    // Dump list, reverse it, then dump again.

    dumpNodes();
    reverse();
    dumpNodes();
    printf ("==========\n");

    return 0;
}

此代码输出：

==========
4
3
2
1
0
==========
0
1
2
3
4
==========

我想这就是你的追求。它实际上可以做到这一点，因为一旦您first将指针加载到遍历列表的指针中，便可以随意重用了first。

#include <stddef.h>

typedef struct Node {
    struct Node *next;
    int data;
} Node;

Node * reverse(Node *cur) {
    Node *prev = NULL;
    while (cur) {
        Node *temp = cur;
        cur = cur->next; // advance cur
        temp->next = prev;
        prev = temp; // advance prev
    }
    return prev;
}

这是在C中反转单​​链列表的代码。

并粘贴在下面：

// reverse.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

typedef struct node Node;
struct node {
    int data;
    Node *next;
};

void spec_reverse();
Node *reverse(Node *head);

int main()
{
    spec_reverse();
    return 0;
}

void print(Node *head) {
    while (head) {
        printf("[%d]->", head->data);
        head = head->next;
    }
    printf("NULL\n");
}

void spec_reverse() {
    // Create a linked list.
    // [0]->[1]->[2]->NULL
    Node node2 = {2, NULL};
    Node node1 = {1, &node2};
    Node node0 = {0, &node1};
    Node *head = &node0;

    print(head);
    head = reverse(head);
    print(head);

    assert(head == &node2);
    assert(head->next == &node1);
    assert(head->next->next == &node0);

    printf("Passed!");
}

// Step 1:
//
// prev head  next
//   |    |    |
//   v    v    v
// NULL  [0]->[1]->[2]->NULL
//
// Step 2:
//
//      prev head  next
//        |    |    |
//        v    v    v
// NULL<-[0]  [1]->[2]->NULL
//
Node *reverse(Node *head)
{
    Node *prev = NULL;
    Node *next;

    while (head) {
        next = head->next;
        head->next = prev;
        prev = head;
        head = next;
    }

    return prev;
}

是。我敢肯定，您可以使用相同的方法来交换两个数字而无需使用第三个数字。只需将指针转换为int / long并执行XOR操作几次。这是一个有趣的C技巧，但没有任何实际价值。

您可以降低O（n）的复杂度吗？不，不是。如果您认为需要相反的顺序，只需使用一个双向链表。

Robert Sedgewick，“ C中的算法 ”，Addison-Wesley，第3版，1997年，[第3.4节]

在不是循环列表的情况下，因此NULL是最后一个链接。

typedef struct node* link;


struct node{
    int item;
    link next;
};


/* you send the existing list to reverse() and returns the reversed one */


link reverse(link x){
    link t, y = x, r = NULL;
    while(y != NULL){
        t = y->next;
        y-> next = r;
        r = y;
        y = t;
    }
    return r;
}

只是为了好玩（尽管尾部递归优化应该阻止它吃掉所有堆栈）：

Node* reverse (Node *root, Node *end) {

    Node *next = root->next;
    root->next = end;

    return (next ? reverse(next, root) : root);
}

root = reverse(root, NULL);

要交换两个变量而不使用临时变量，

a = a xor b
b = a xor b
a = a xor b

最快的方法是将其写入一行

a = a ^ b ^ (b=a)

同样，

使用两次交换

swap(a,b)
swap(b,c)

使用xor的解决方案

a = a^b^c
b = a^b^c
c = a^b^c
a = a^b^c

一站式解决方案

c = a ^ b ^ c ^ (a=b) ^ (b=c)
b = a ^ b ^ c ^ (c=a) ^ (a=b)
a = a ^ b ^ c ^ (b=c) ^ (c=a)

相同的逻辑用于反向链接列表。

typedef struct List
{
 int info;
 struct List *next;
}List;


List* reverseList(List *head)
{
 p=head;
 q=p->next;
 p->next=NULL;
 while(q)
 {
    q = (List*) ((int)p ^ (int)q ^ (int)q->next ^ (int)(q->next=p) ^ (int)(p=q));
 }
 head = p;
 return head;
}  

您需要一个跟踪指针来跟踪列表。

您需要两个指针：

选择第一个节点的第一个指针。 第二个指针选择第二个节点。

加工方式：

移动轨迹指针

将第二个节点指向第一个节点

通过将第二个指针分配给一个指针，将第一个指针移动一步

将第二个指针移动一步，方法是将第二个指针分配给第二个指针

Node* reverselist( )
{
   Node *first = NULL;  // To keep first node
   Node *second = head; // To keep second node
   Node *track =  head; // Track the list

    while(track!=NULL)
    {
      track = track->next; // track point to next node;
      second->next = first; // second node point to first
      first = second; // move first node to next
      second = track; // move second node to next
    }

    track = first;

    return track;

}

可读性如何：

Node *pop (Node **root)
{
    Node *popped = *root;

    if (*root) {
        *root = (*root)->next;
    }

    return (popped);
}

void push (Node **root, Node *new_node)
{
    new_node->next = *root;
    *root = new_node;
}


Node *reverse (Node *root)
{
    Node *new_root = NULL;
    Node *next;

    while ((next = pop(&root))) {
        push (&new_root, next);
    }

    return (new_root);
}

这是Java中的一个简单版本。它仅使用两个指针curr＆prev

public void reverse(Node head) {
    Node curr = head, prev = null;

    while (head.next != null) {
        head = head.next; // move the head to next node
        curr.next = prev; //break the link to the next node and assign it to previous
        prev = curr;      // we are done with previous, move it to next node
        curr = head;      // current moves along with head
    }

    head.next = prev;     //for last node
}

算出您现在使用的算法的时间复杂度，很明显它无法改进。

我不明白为什么在我们将其作为参数传递时需要返回head。我们正在传递链接列表的头部，然后我们也可以更新。下面是简单的解决方案。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct NODE
{
    struct NODE *next;
    int value;
};

typedef struct NODE node;

void reverse(node **head);
void add_end(node **head,int val);
void alloc(node **p);
void print_all(node *head);

void main()
{
    node *head;
    clrscr();
    head = NULL;
    add_end( &head, 1 );
    add_end( &head, 2 );
    add_end( &head, 3 );
    print_all( head );
    reverse( &head );
    print_all( head );
    getch();
}
void alloc(node **p)
{
    node *temp;
    temp = (node *) malloc( sizeof(node *) );
    temp->next = NULL;
    *p = temp;
}
void add_end(node **head,int val)
{
    node *temp,*new_node;
    alloc(&new_node);
    new_node->value = val;
    if( *head == NULL )
    {
        *head = new_node;
        return;
    }
    for(temp = *head;temp->next!=NULL;temp=temp->next);
    temp->next = new_node;
}
void print_all(node *head)
{
    node *temp;
    int index=0;
    printf ("\n\n");
    if (head == NULL)
    {
        printf (" List is Empty \n");
        return;
    }
    for (temp=head; temp != NULL; temp=temp->next,index++)
        printf (" %d ==> %d \n",index,temp->value);
}
void reverse(node **head)
{
    node *next,*new_head;
    new_head=NULL;
    while(*head != NULL)
    {
        next = (*head)->next;
        (*head)->next = new_head;
        new_head = (*head);
        (*head) = next;
    }
    (*head)=new_head;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

tydef struct node
{
    int info;
    struct node *link;
} *start;

void main()
{
    rev();
}

void rev()
{
    struct node *p = start, *q = NULL, *r;
    while (p != NULL)
    {
        r = q;
        q = p;
        p = p->link;
        q->link = r;
    }

    start = q;
}

不，没有比当前O（n）更快的速度了。您需要更改每个节点，因此时间无论如何都将与元素数量成比例，这就是您已经拥有的O（n）。

使用两个指针同时保持O（n）的时间复杂度（最快可以实现），可能只有通过对指针进行数字转换并交换其值才能实现。这是一个实现：

#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct node
{
    int num;
    struct node* next;
}node;

void reverse(node* head)
{
   node* ptr;
   if(!head || !head->next || !head->next->next) return;
   ptr = head->next->next;
   head->next->next = NULL;
   while(ptr)
   {
     /* Swap head->next and ptr. */
     head->next = (unsigned)(ptr =\
     (unsigned)ptr ^ (unsigned)(head->next =\
     (unsigned)head->next ^ (unsigned)ptr)) ^ (unsigned)head->next;

     /* Swap head->next->next and ptr. */
     head->next->next = (unsigned)(ptr =\
     (unsigned)ptr ^ (unsigned)(head->next->next =\
     (unsigned)head->next->next ^ (unsigned)ptr)) ^ (unsigned)head->next->next;
   }
}

void add_end(node* ptr, int n)
{
    while(ptr->next) ptr = ptr->next;
    ptr->next = malloc(sizeof(node));
    ptr->next->num = n;
    ptr->next->next = NULL;
}

void print(node* ptr)
{
    while(ptr = ptr->next) printf("%d ", ptr->num);
    putchar('\n');
}

void erase(node* ptr)
{
    node *end;
    while(ptr->next)
    {
        if(ptr->next->next) ptr = ptr->next;
        else
        {
            end = ptr->next;
            ptr->next = NULL;
            free(end);
        }
    }
}

void main()
{
    int i, n = 5;
    node* dummy_head;
    dummy_head->next = NULL;
    for(i = 1; i <= n ; ++i) add_end(dummy_head, i);
    print(dummy_head);
    reverse(dummy_head);
    print(dummy_head);
    erase(dummy_head);
}

我有一个略有不同的方法。我想利用现有功能（例如insert_at（index），delete_from（index））来反转列表（类似于右移操作）。复杂度仍然是O（n），但是优点是重用了更多代码。看看another_reverse（）方法，让我知道大家的想法。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct node {
    int data;
    struct node* next;
};

struct node* head = NULL;

void printList(char* msg) {
    struct node* current = head;

    printf("\n%s\n", msg);

    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("%d ", current->data);
        current = current->next;
    }
}

void insert_beginning(int data) {
    struct node* newNode = (struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node));

    newNode->data = data;
    newNode->next = NULL;

    if (head == NULL)
    {
        head = newNode;
    } else {
        newNode->next = head;
        head = newNode;
    }
}

void insert_at(int data, int location) {

    struct node* newNode = (struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node));

    newNode->data = data;
    newNode->next = NULL;

    if (head == NULL)
    {
        head = newNode;
    }

    else {
        struct node* currentNode = head;
        int index = 0;

        while (currentNode != NULL && index < (location - 1)) {
            currentNode = currentNode->next;
            index++;
        }

        if (currentNode != NULL)
        {
            if (location == 0) {
                newNode->next = currentNode;
                head = newNode;
            } else {
                newNode->next = currentNode->next;
                currentNode->next = newNode;
            }
        }
    }
}


int delete_from(int location) {

    int retValue = -1;

    if (location < 0 || head == NULL)
    {
        printf("\nList is empty or invalid index");
        return -1;
    } else {

        struct node* currentNode = head;
        int index = 0;

        while (currentNode != NULL && index < (location - 1)) {
            currentNode = currentNode->next;
            index++;
        }

        if (currentNode != NULL)
        {
            // we've reached the node just one prior to the one we want to delete

            if (location == 0) {

                if (currentNode->next == NULL)
                {
                    // this is the only node in the list
                    retValue = currentNode->data;
                    free(currentNode);
                    head = NULL;
                } else {

                    // the next node should take its place
                    struct node* nextNode = currentNode->next;
                    head = nextNode;
                    retValue = currentNode->data;
                    free(currentNode);
                }
            } // if (location == 0)
            else {
                // the next node should take its place
                struct node* nextNode = currentNode->next;
                currentNode->next = nextNode->next;

                if (nextNode != NULL
                ) {
                    retValue = nextNode->data;
                    free(nextNode);
                }
            }

        } else {
            printf("\nInvalid index");
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return retValue;
}

void another_reverse() {
    if (head == NULL)
    {
        printf("\nList is empty\n");
        return;
    } else {
        // get the tail pointer

        struct node* tailNode = head;
        int index = 0, counter = 0;

        while (tailNode->next != NULL) {
            tailNode = tailNode->next;
            index++;
        }

        // now tailNode points to the last node
        while (counter != index) {
            int data = delete_from(index);
            insert_at(data, counter);
            counter++;
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {

    insert_beginning(4);
    insert_beginning(3);
    insert_beginning(2);
    insert_beginning(1);
    insert_beginning(0);

    /*  insert_at(5, 0);
     insert_at(4, 1);
     insert_at(3, 2);
     insert_at(1, 1);*/

    printList("Original List\0");

    //reverse_list();
    another_reverse();

    printList("Reversed List\0");

    /*  delete_from(2);
     delete_from(2);*/

    //printList();
    return 0;
}

using 2-pointers....bit large but simple and efficient

void reverse()

{

int n=0;

node *temp,*temp1;

temp=strptr;

while(temp->next!=NULL)

{

n++;      //counting no. of nodes

temp=temp->next;

}
// we will exchange ist by last.....2nd by 2nd last so.on....
int i=n/2;  

temp=strptr;

for(int j=1;j<=(n-i+1);j++)

temp=temp->next;
//  i started exchanging from in between ....so we do no have to traverse list so far //again and again for exchanging

while(i>0)

{

temp1=strptr;

for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)//this loop for traversing nodes before n/2

temp1=temp1->next;

int t;

t=temp1->info;

temp1->info=temp->info;

temp->info=t;

i--;

temp=temp->next; 

//at the end after exchanging say 2 and 4 in a 5 node list....temp will be at 5 and we will traverse temp1 to ist node and exchange ....

}

}

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct node
{
int data;
struct node *link;
};
struct node *first=NULL,*last=NULL,*next,*pre,*cur,*temp;
void create()
{
cur=(struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
printf("enter first data to insert");
scanf("%d",&cur->data);
first=last=cur;
first->link=NULL;
}
void insert()
{
int pos,c;
cur=(struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
printf("enter data to insert and also its position");
scanf("%d%d",&cur->data,&pos);
if(pos==1)
{
cur->link=first;
first=cur;
}
else
{
c=1;
    next=first;
    while(c<pos)
    {
        pre=next;
        next=next->link;
        c++;
    }
        if(pre==NULL)
        {
            printf("Invalid position");
        }
        else
        {
        cur->link=pre->link;
        pre->link=cur;
        }
}
}
void display()
{
cur=first;
while(cur!=NULL)
{
printf("data= %d\t address= %u\n",cur->data,cur);
cur=cur->link;
}
printf("\n");
}
void rev()
{
pre=NULL;
cur=first;
while(cur!=NULL)
{
next=cur->link;
cur->link=pre;
pre=cur;
cur=next;
}
first=pre;
}
void main()
{
int choice;
clrscr();
do
{
printf("Options are: -\n1:Create\n2:Insert\n3:Display\n4:Reverse\n0:Exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice: - ");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
create();
break;
case 2:
insert();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
rev();
break;
case 0:
exit(0);
default:
printf("wrong choice");
}
}
while(1);
}

是的，有一种方法仅使用两个指针。也就是说，通过创建新的链接列表，其中第一个节点是给定列表的第一个节点，而第一个列表的第二个节点则在新列表的开头添加，依此类推。

这是我的版本：

void reverse(ListElem *&head)
{
    ListElem* temp;
    ListElem* elem = head->next();
    ListElem* prev = head;
    head->next(0);

    while(temp = elem->next())
    {
        elem->next(prev);
        prev = elem;
        elem = temp;
    }
    elem->next(prev);
    head = elem;
}

哪里

class ListElem{
public:
    ListElem(int val): _val(val){}
    ListElem *next() const { return _next; }
    void next(ListElem *elem) { _next = elem; }
    void val(int val){ _val = val; }
    int val() const { return _val;}
private:
    ListElem *_next;
    int _val;
};

我正在使用Java来实现这一点，并且方法是测试驱动的开发，因此还附带了测试用例。

代表单个节点的Node类-

package com.adnan.linkedlist;

/**
 * User  : Adnan
 * Email : sendtoadnan@gmail.com
 * Date  : 9/21/13
 * Time  : 12:02 PM
 */
public class Node {

    public Node(int value, Node node){
        this.value = value;
        this.node = node;
    }
    private int value;
    private Node node;

    public int getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public Node getNode() {
        return node;
    }

    public void setNode(Node node){
        this.node = node;
    }
}

将起始节点作为输入并保留它而不使用额外空间的服务类。

package com.adnan.linkedlist;

/**
 * User  : Adnan
 * Email : sendtoadnan@gmail.com
 * Date  : 9/21/13
 * Time  : 11:54 AM
 */
public class SinglyLinkedListReversal {

    private static final SinglyLinkedListReversal service 
= new SinglyLinkedListReversal();
    public static SinglyLinkedListReversal getService(){
        return service;
    }



    public Node reverse(Node start){
        if (hasOnlyNodeInLinkedList(start)){
            return start;
        }
        Node firstNode, secondNode, thirdNode;
        firstNode = start;
        secondNode = firstNode.getNode();
        while (secondNode != null ){
            thirdNode = secondNode.getNode();
            secondNode.setNode(firstNode);
            firstNode = secondNode;
            secondNode = thirdNode;
        }
        start.setNode(null);
        return firstNode;
    }

    private boolean hasOnlyNodeInLinkedList(Node start) {
        return start.getNode() == null;
    }


}

而涵盖以上场景的测试案例。请注意，您需要使用junit jars。我正在使用testng.jar; 您可以使用任何取悦您的东西..

package com.adnan.linkedlist;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import static org.testng.AssertJUnit.assertTrue;

/**
 * User  : Adnan
 * Email : sendtoadnan@gmail.com
 * Date  : 9/21/13
 * Time  : 12:11 PM
 */
public class SinglyLinkedListReversalTest {

    private SinglyLinkedListReversal reversalService = 
SinglyLinkedListReversal.getService();

    @Test
    public void test_reverseSingleElement() throws Exception {
        Node node = new Node(1, null);
        reversalService.reverse(node);
        assertTrue(node.getNode() == null);
        assertTrue(node.getValue() == 1);
    }


    //original - Node1(1) -> Node2(2) -> Node3(3)
    //reverse - Node3(3) -> Node2(2) -> Node1(1)
    @Test
    public void test_reverseThreeElement() throws Exception {
        Node node3 = new Node(3, null);
        Node node2 = new Node(2, node3);
        Node start = new Node(1, node2);


        start = reversalService.reverse(start);
        Node test = start;
        for (int i = 3; i >=1 ; i -- ){
          assertTrue(test.getValue() == i);
            test = test.getNode();
        }


    }

    @Test
    public void test_reverseFourElement() throws Exception {
        Node node4 = new Node(4, null);
        Node node3 = new Node(3, node4);
        Node node2 = new Node(2, node3);
        Node start = new Node(1, node2);


        start = reversalService.reverse(start);
        Node test = start;
        for (int i = 4; i >=1 ; i -- ){
            assertTrue(test.getValue() == i);
            test = test.getNode();
        }
    }

        @Test
        public void test_reverse10Element() throws Exception {
            Node node10 = new Node(10, null);
            Node node9 = new Node(9, node10);
            Node node8 = new Node(8, node9);
            Node node7 = new Node(7, node8);
            Node node6 = new Node(6, node7);
            Node node5 = new Node(5, node6);
            Node node4 = new Node(4, node5);
            Node node3 = new Node(3, node4);
            Node node2 = new Node(2, node3);
            Node start = new Node(1, node2);


            start = reversalService.reverse(start);
            Node test = start;
            for (int i = 10; i >=1 ; i -- ){
                assertTrue(test.getValue() == i);
                test = test.getNode();
            }


    }

    @Test
    public void test_reverseTwoElement() throws Exception {
        Node node2 = new Node(2, null);
        Node start = new Node(1, node2);


        start = reversalService.reverse(start);
        Node test = start;
        for (int i = 2; i >=1 ; i -- ){
            assertTrue(test.getValue() == i);
            test = test.getNode();
        }


    }
}

一个简单的算法，如果您使用链表作为堆栈结构：

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct list {
    int key;
    char value;
    struct list* next;
} list;
void print(list*);
void add(list**, int, char);
void reverse(list**);
void deleteList(list*);

int main(void) {
    list* head = NULL;
    int i=0;
    while ( i++ < 26 ) add(&head, i, i+'a');
    printf("Before reverse: \n");
    print(head);
    printf("After reverse: \n");
    reverse(&head);
    print(head);
    deleteList(head);

}
void deleteList(list* l) {

    list* t = l;    
    while ( t != NULL ) {
        list* tmp = t;
        t = t->next;
        free(tmp);
    }

}
void print(list* l) {
    list* t = l;
    while ( t != NULL) {
        printf("%d:%c\n", t->key, t->value);
        t = t->next;
    }
}

void reverse(list** head) {
    list* tmp = *head;
    list* reversed = NULL;
    while ( tmp != NULL ) {
        add(&reversed, tmp->key, tmp->value);
        tmp = tmp->next;
    }
    deleteList(*head);
    *head = reversed;
}

void add(list** head, int k, char v) {

    list* t = calloc(1, sizeof(list));
    t->key = k; t->value = v;
    t->next = *head;
    *head = t;

}

由于可能会对add和malloc进行额外的函数调用，因此性能可能会受到影响，因此地址交换的算法会更好，但实际上会创建一个新列表，因此，如果您将回调函数作为参数添加到其中，则可以使用诸如sort或remove items的其他选项。逆转。

这是C ++ 11中略有不同但简单的方法：

#include <iostream>

struct Node{
    Node(): next(NULL){}
    Node *next;
    std::string data;
};

void printlist(Node* l){
    while(l){
        std::cout<<l->data<<std::endl;
        l = l->next;
    }
    std::cout<<"----"<<std::endl;
}

void reverse(Node*& l)
{
    Node* prev = NULL;
    while(l){
        auto next = l->next;
        l->next = prev;
        prev=l;
        l=next;
    }
    l = prev;
}

int main() {
    Node s,t,u,v;
    s.data = "1";
    t.data = "2";
    u.data = "3";
    v.data = "4";
    s.next = &t;
    t.next = &u;
    u.next = &v;
    Node* ptr = &s;
    printlist(ptr);
    reverse(ptr);
    printlist(ptr);
    return 0;
}

在这里输出

以下是使用2个指针（head和r）的一种实现

ListNode * reverse(ListNode* head) {

    ListNode *r = NULL;

    if(head) {
        r = head->next;
        head->next = NULL;
    }

    while(r) {
        head = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(head) ^ size_t(r->next));
        r->next = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(r->next) ^ size_t(head));
        head = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(head) ^ size_t(r->next));

        head = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(head) ^ size_t(r));
        r = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(r) ^ size_t(head));
        head = reinterpret_cast<ListNode*>(size_t(head) ^ size_t(r));
    }
    return head;
}

这是一个简单的解决方案...

void reverse()
{
    node * pointer1 = head->next;
    if(pointer1 != NULL)
    {
        node *pointer2 = pointer1->next;
        pointer1->next = head;
        head->next = NULL;
        head = pointer1;

        if(pointer2 != NULL)
        {

            while(pointer2 != NULL)
            {
                pointer1 = pointer2;
                pointer2 = pointer2->next;
                pointer1->next = head;
                head = pointer1;
            }

            pointer1->next = head;
            head = pointer1;
        }       
   }
 }

您可以仅使用一个额外的指针来解决此问题，对于反向函数，该指针必须是静态的。它的复杂度为O（n）。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

typedef struct List* List;
struct List {
   int val;
   List next;
};

List reverse(List list) { /* with recursion and one static variable*/
    static List tail;
    if(!list || !list->next) {
        tail = list;

        return tail;
    } else {
        reverse1(list->next);
        list->next->next = list;
        list->next = NULL;

        return tail;
    }
}

或者，您可以使用递归-

struct node* reverseList(struct node *head)
{
    if(head == NULL) return NULL;
    if(head->next == NULL) return head;

    struct node* second = head->next;       
    head->next = NULL;

    struct node* remaining = reverseList(second);
    second->next = head;

    return remaining;
}

curr = head;
prev = NULL;

while (curr != NULL) {
    next = curr->next; // store current's next, since it will be overwritten
    curr->next = prev;
    prev = curr;
    curr = next;
}

head = prev; // update head

class Node {
    Node next;
    int data;

    Node(int item) {
        data = item;
        next = null;
    }
}

public class LinkedList {

    static Node head;

    //Print LinkedList
    public static void printList(Node node){

        while(node!=null){
            System.out.print(node.data+" ");
            node = node.next;
        }
        System.out.println();
    }

    //Reverse the LinkedList Utility
    public static Node reverse(Node node){

        Node new_node = null;

        while(node!=null){

            Node next = node.next;
            node.next = new_node;
            new_node = node;
            node = next;

        }
        return new_node;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Creating LinkedList
        LinkedList.head = new Node(1);
        LinkedList.head.next = new Node(2);
        LinkedList.head.next.next = new Node(3);
        LinkedList.head.next.next.next = new Node(4);

        LinkedList.printList(LinkedList.head);

        Node node = LinkedList.reverse(LinkedList.head);

        LinkedList.printList(node);

    }


}