如何在PowerShell复制脚本中正确过滤多个字符串

Question 1

我正在使用此答案中的PowerShell脚本进行文件复制。当我想使用过滤器包括多种文件类型时，就会出现问题。

Get-ChildItem $originalPath -filter "*.htm"  | `
   foreach{ $targetFile = $htmPath + $_.FullName.SubString($originalPath.Length); ` 
 New-Item -ItemType File -Path $targetFile -Force;  `
 Copy-Item $_.FullName -destination $targetFile }

像梦一样工作。但是，当我想使用过滤器包含多种文件类型时，就会出现问题。

Get-ChildItem $originalPath ` 
  -filter "*.gif","*.jpg","*.xls*","*.doc*","*.pdf*","*.wav*",".ppt*")  | `
   foreach{ $targetFile = $htmPath + $_.FullName.SubString($originalPath.Length); ` 
 New-Item -ItemType File -Path $targetFile -Force;  `
 Copy-Item $_.FullName -destination $targetFile }

给我以下错误：

Get-ChildItem : Cannot convert 'System.Object[]' to the type 'System.String' required by parameter 'Filter'. Specified method is not supported.
At F:\data\foo\CGM.ps1:121 char:36
+ Get-ChildItem $originalPath -filter <<<<  "*.gif","*.jpg","*.xls*","*.doc*","*.pdf*","*.wav*",".ppt*" | `
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-ChildItem], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CannotConvertArgument,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand

我有括号的各种迭代，没有括号，-filter，-include，定义夹杂物变量（例如，$fileFilter每次时间），并出现上述错误，始终指向后面的任何内容-filter。

有趣的例外是当我编码时-filter "*.gif,*.jpg,*.xls*,*.doc*,*.pdf*,*.wav*,*.ppt*"。没有错误，但是我并没有得到任何结果，也没有返回控制台。我怀疑我在不经意间编码了and该陈述的隐含含义？

那么我在做什么错了，我该如何纠正呢？

Question 2

-Filter仅接受单个字符串。-Include接受多个值，但限定-Path参数。技巧是将附加\*到路径的末尾，然后使用-Include选择多个扩展名。顺便说一句，除非cmdlet参数中包含空格或shell特殊字符，否则在字符串中不需要用引号引起来。

Get-ChildItem $originalPath\* -Include *.gif, *.jpg, *.xls*, *.doc*, *.pdf*, *.wav*, .ppt*

请注意，无论$ originalPath是否以反斜杠结尾，这都将起作用，因为多个连续的反斜杠将被解释为单个路径分隔符。例如，尝试：

Get-ChildItem C:\\\\\Windows

Question 3

这样的事情应该起作用（对我有用）。想要使用-Filter而不是的原因-Include是，与相比，include会对性能造成巨大影响-Filter。

下面只是循环每种文件类型以及在单独文件中指定的多个服务器/工作站。

##  
##  This script will pull from a list of workstations in a text file and search for the specified string


## Change the file path below to where your list of target workstations reside
## Change the file path below to where your list of filetypes reside

$filetypes = gc 'pathToListOffiletypes.txt'
$servers = gc 'pathToListOfWorkstations.txt'

##Set the scope of the variable so it has visibility
set-variable -Name searchString -Scope 0
$searchString = 'whatYouAreSearchingFor'

foreach ($server in $servers)
    {

    foreach ($filetype in $filetypes)
    {

    ## below creates the search path.  This could be further improved to exclude the windows directory
    $serverString = "\\"+$server+"\c$\Program Files"


    ## Display the server being queried
    write-host “Server:” $server "searching for " $filetype in $serverString

    Get-ChildItem -Path $serverString -Recurse -Filter $filetype |
    #-Include "*.xml","*.ps1","*.cnf","*.odf","*.conf","*.bat","*.cfg","*.ini","*.config","*.info","*.nfo","*.txt" |
    Select-String -pattern $searchstring | group path | select name | out-file f:\DataCentre\String_Results.txt

    $os = gwmi win32_operatingsystem -computer $server
    $sp = $os | % {$_.servicepackmajorversion}
    $a = $os | % {$_.caption}

    ##  Below will list again the server name as well as its OS and SP
    ##  Because the script may not be monitored, this helps confirm the machine has been successfully scanned
        write-host $server “has completed its " $filetype "scan:” “|” “OS:” $a “SP:” “|” $sp


    }

}
#end script

Question 4

Get-ChildItem $originalPath\* -Include @("*.gif", "*.jpg", "*.xls*", "*.doc*", "*.pdf*", "*.wav*", "*.ppt")

Question 5

使用include是最简单的方法

http://www.vistax64.com/powershell/168315-get-childitem-filter-files-multiple-extensions.html