我有一个要转换为CSV文件的JSON文件。如何使用Python执行此操作？

我试过了：

import json
import csv

f = open('data.json')
data = json.load(f)
f.close()

f = open('data.csv')
csv_file = csv.writer(f)
for item in data:
    csv_file.writerow(item)

f.close()

但是，它没有用。我正在使用Django，收到的错误是：

file' object has no attribute 'writerow'

然后，我尝试了以下方法：

import json
import csv

f = open('data.json')
data = json.load(f)
f.close()

f = open('data.csv')
csv_file = csv.writer(f)
for item in data:
    f.writerow(item)  # ← changed

f.close()

然后我得到错误：

sequence expected

样本json文件：

[{
        "pk": 22,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "add_logentry",
            "name": "Can add log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    }, {
        "pk": 23,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "change_logentry",
            "name": "Can change log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    }, {
        "pk": 24,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "delete_logentry",
            "name": "Can delete log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    }, {
        "pk": 4,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "add_group",
            "name": "Can add group",
            "content_type": 2
        }
    }, {
        "pk": 10,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "add_message",
            "name": "Can add message",
            "content_type": 4
        }
    }
]

首先，您的JSON具有嵌套对象，因此通常无法直接将其转换为CSV。您需要将其更改为以下内容：

{
    "pk": 22,
    "model": "auth.permission",
    "codename": "add_logentry",
    "content_type": 8,
    "name": "Can add log entry"
},
......]

这是从中生成CSV的代码：

import csv
import json

x = """[
    {
        "pk": 22,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "add_logentry",
            "name": "Can add log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    },
    {
        "pk": 23,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "change_logentry",
            "name": "Can change log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    },
    {
        "pk": 24,
        "model": "auth.permission",
        "fields": {
            "codename": "delete_logentry",
            "name": "Can delete log entry",
            "content_type": 8
        }
    }
]"""

x = json.loads(x)

f = csv.writer(open("test.csv", "wb+"))

# Write CSV Header, If you dont need that, remove this line
f.writerow(["pk", "model", "codename", "name", "content_type"])

for x in x:
    f.writerow([x["pk"],
                x["model"],
                x["fields"]["codename"],
                x["fields"]["name"],
                x["fields"]["content_type"]])

您将获得以下输出：

pk,model,codename,name,content_type
22,auth.permission,add_logentry,Can add log entry,8
23,auth.permission,change_logentry,Can change log entry,8
24,auth.permission,delete_logentry,Can delete log entry,8

使用pandas 库，这就像使用两个命令一样简单！

pandas.read_json()

要将JSON字符串转换为pandas对象（序列或数据框）。然后，假设结果存储为df：

df.to_csv()

它可以返回字符串，也可以直接写入csv文件。

基于先前答案的冗长性，我们都应该感谢熊猫的捷径。

我假设您的JSON文件将解码为词典列表。首先，我们需要一个将JSON对象展平的函数：

def flattenjson( b, delim ):
    val = {}
    for i in b.keys():
        if isinstance( b[i], dict ):
            get = flattenjson( b[i], delim )
            for j in get.keys():
                val[ i + delim + j ] = get[j]
        else:
            val[i] = b[i]

    return val

在JSON对象上运行此代码段的结果：

flattenjson( {
    "pk": 22, 
    "model": "auth.permission", 
    "fields": {
      "codename": "add_message", 
      "name": "Can add message", 
      "content_type": 8
    }
  }, "__" )

是

{
    "pk": 22, 
    "model": "auth.permission', 
    "fields__codename": "add_message", 
    "fields__name": "Can add message", 
    "fields__content_type": 8
}

在将此函数应用于JSON对象输入数组中的每个dict之后：

input = map( lambda x: flattenjson( x, "__" ), input )

并找到相关的列名：

columns = [ x for row in input for x in row.keys() ]
columns = list( set( columns ) )

通过csv模块运行它并不难：

with open( fname, 'wb' ) as out_file:
    csv_w = csv.writer( out_file )
    csv_w.writerow( columns )

    for i_r in input:
        csv_w.writerow( map( lambda x: i_r.get( x, "" ), columns ) )

我希望这有帮助！

JSON可以代表各种各样的数据结构-JS“对象”大致类似于Python字典（带有字符串键），JS“数组”大致类似于Python列表，并且您可以嵌套它们，只要最后一个“叶”元素是数字或字符串。

CSV本质上只能表示一个二维表-可选地带有“标题”的第一行，即“列名”，这可以使该表可解释为字典列表，而不是通常的解释，而是列表列表（同样，“叶”元素可以是数字或字符串）。

因此，在一般情况下，您无法将任意JSON结构转换为CSV。在某些特殊情况下，您可以（没有进一步嵌套的数组的阵列；都具有完全相同的键的对象的阵列）。哪种特殊情况（如果有）适用于您的问题？解决方案的详细信息取决于您的特殊情况。考虑到您甚至没有提到哪个适用的惊人事实，我怀疑您可能没有考虑过约束，实际上没有可用的案例适用，并且您的问题无法解决。但是请澄清一下！

通用解决方案，可将平面对象的任何json列表转换为csv。

将input.json文件作为第一个参数传递给命令行。

import csv, json, sys

input = open(sys.argv[1])
data = json.load(input)
input.close()

output = csv.writer(sys.stdout)

output.writerow(data[0].keys())  # header row

for row in data:
    output.writerow(row.values())

假设您的JSON数据位于名为的文件中，那么这段代码应该对您有用data.json。

import json
import csv

with open("data.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)

with open("data.csv", "w") as file:
    csv_file = csv.writer(file)
    for item in data:
        fields = list(item['fields'].values())
        csv_file.writerow([item['pk'], item['model']] + fields)

它易于使用csv.DictWriter()，详细的实现可以像这样：

def read_json(filename):
    return json.loads(open(filename).read())
def write_csv(data,filename):
    with open(filename, 'w+') as outf:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(outf, data[0].keys())
        writer.writeheader()
        for row in data:
            writer.writerow(row)
# implement
write_csv(read_json('test.json'), 'output.csv')

请注意，这假设您的所有JSON对象都具有相同的字段。

这是可以帮助您的参考。

我在Dan提出的解决方案上遇到了麻烦，但这对我有用：

import json
import csv 

f = open('test.json')
data = json.load(f)
f.close()

f=csv.writer(open('test.csv','wb+'))

for item in data:
  f.writerow([item['pk'], item['model']] + item['fields'].values())

其中“ test.json”包含以下内容：

[ 
{"pk": 22, "model": "auth.permission", "fields": 
  {"codename": "add_logentry", "name": "Can add log entry", "content_type": 8 } }, 
{"pk": 23, "model": "auth.permission", "fields": 
  {"codename": "change_logentry", "name": "Can change log entry", "content_type": 8 } }, {"pk": 24, "model": "auth.permission", "fields": 
  {"codename": "delete_logentry", "name": "Can delete log entry", "content_type": 8 } }
]

json_normalize从使用pandas：

• 根据提供的数据，将其命名为 test.json
• encoding='utf-8' 可能没有必要。
• 以下代码利用了该pathlib库
  • .open 是一种方法 pathlib
  • 也适用于非Windows路径

import pandas as pd
# As of Pandas 1.01, json_normalize as pandas.io.json.json_normalize is deprecated and is now exposed in the top-level namespace.
# from pandas.io.json import json_normalize
from pathlib import Path
import json

# set path to file
p = Path(r'c:\some_path_to_file\test.json')

# read json
with p.open('r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    data = json.loads(f.read())

# create dataframe
df = pd.json_normalize(data)

# dataframe view
 pk            model  fields.codename           fields.name  fields.content_type
 22  auth.permission     add_logentry     Can add log entry                    8
 23  auth.permission  change_logentry  Can change log entry                    8
 24  auth.permission  delete_logentry  Can delete log entry                    8
  4  auth.permission        add_group         Can add group                    2
 10  auth.permission      add_message       Can add message                    4

# save to csv
df.to_csv('test.csv', index=False, encoding='utf-8')

CSV输出：

pk,model,fields.codename,fields.name,fields.content_type
22,auth.permission,add_logentry,Can add log entry,8
23,auth.permission,change_logentry,Can change log entry,8
24,auth.permission,delete_logentry,Can delete log entry,8
4,auth.permission,add_group,Can add group,2
10,auth.permission,add_message,Can add message,4

有关更多嵌套JSON对象的其他资源：

• 使用python展平JSON数组
• 如何使用flatten_json递归地扁平化嵌套的JSON？

正如前面的答案中提到的，将json转换为csv的困难是因为json文件可以包含嵌套的字典，因此是多维数据结构，而csv是2D数据结构。但是，将多维结构转换为csv的一种好方法是让多个csv与主键绑定在一起。

在您的示例中，第一个csv输出具有“ pk”，“ model”，“ fields”列作为您的列。“ pk”和“ model”的值很容易获得，但是由于“字段”列包含一个字典，因此它应该是其自己的csv，并且因为“代号”似乎是主键，因此可以用作输入为“字段”完成第一个csv。第二个csv包含“字段”列中的词典，其代号为主键，可用于将2个csv绑在一起。

这是为您的json文件提供的解决方案，它将嵌套词典转换为2个csvs。

import csv
import json

def readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey=""):
    input = open(inputFileName+".json")
    data = json.load(input)
    input.close()

    header = set()

    if primaryKey != "":
        outputFileName = inputFileName+"-"+primaryKey
        if inputFileName == "data":
            for i in data:
                for j in i["fields"].keys():
                    if j not in header:
                        header.add(j)
    else:
        outputFileName = inputFileName
        for i in data:
            for j in i.keys():
                if j not in header:
                    header.add(j)

    with open(outputFileName+".csv", 'wb') as output_file:
        fieldnames = list(header)
        writer = csv.DictWriter(output_file, fieldnames, delimiter=',', quotechar='"')
        writer.writeheader()
        for x in data:
            row_value = {}
            if primaryKey == "":
                for y in x.keys():
                    yValue = x.get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                    else:
                        if inputFileName == "data":
                            row_value[y] = yValue["codename"].encode('utf8')
                            readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey="codename")
                writer.writerow(row_value)
            elif primaryKey == "codename":
                for y in x["fields"].keys():
                    yValue = x["fields"].get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                writer.writerow(row_value)

readAndWrite("data")

我知道问这个问题已经有很长时间了，但是我想我可以添加到其他所有人的答案中，并分享一篇博客文章，我认为它可以非常简洁地说明解决方案。

这是链接

打开文件进行写入

employ_data = open('/tmp/EmployData.csv', 'w')

创建csv writer对象

csvwriter = csv.writer(employ_data)
count = 0
for emp in emp_data:
      if count == 0:
             header = emp.keys()
             csvwriter.writerow(header)
             count += 1
      csvwriter.writerow(emp.values())

确保关闭文件以保存内容

employ_data.close()

这不是一个很聪明的方法，但是我遇到了同样的问题，这对我有用：

import csv

f = open('data.json')
data = json.load(f)
f.close()

new_data = []

for i in data:
   flat = {}
   names = i.keys()
   for n in names:
      try:
         if len(i[n].keys()) > 0:
            for ii in i[n].keys():
               flat[n+"_"+ii] = i[n][ii]
      except:
         flat[n] = i[n]
   new_data.append(flat)  

f = open(filename, "r")
writer = csv.DictWriter(f, new_data[0].keys())
writer.writeheader()
for row in new_data:
   writer.writerow(row)
f.close()

Alec的答案很好，但是在多层嵌套的情况下，它是行不通的。这是修改后的版本，支持多层嵌套。如果嵌套对象已经指定了自己的键（例如，Firebase Analytics / BigTable / BigQuery数据），它还可以使标头名称更好：

"""Converts JSON with nested fields into a flattened CSV file.
"""

import sys
import json
import csv
import os

import jsonlines

from orderedset import OrderedSet

# from https://stackoverflow.com/a/28246154/473201
def flattenjson( b, prefix='', delim='/', val=None ):
  if val == None:
    val = {}

  if isinstance( b, dict ):
    for j in b.keys():
      flattenjson(b[j], prefix + delim + j, delim, val)
  elif isinstance( b, list ):
    get = b
    for j in range(len(get)):
      key = str(j)

      # If the nested data contains its own key, use that as the header instead.
      if isinstance( get[j], dict ):
        if 'key' in get[j]:
          key = get[j]['key']

      flattenjson(get[j], prefix + delim + key, delim, val)
  else:
    val[prefix] = b

  return val

def main(argv):
  if len(argv) < 2:
    raise Error('Please specify a JSON file to parse')

  filename = argv[1]
  allRows = []
  fieldnames = OrderedSet()
  with jsonlines.open(filename) as reader:
    for obj in reader:
      #print obj
      flattened = flattenjson(obj)
      #print 'keys: %s' % flattened.keys()
      fieldnames.update(flattened.keys())
      allRows.append(flattened)

  outfilename = filename + '.csv'
  with open(outfilename, 'w') as file:
    csvwriter = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames)
    csvwriter.writeheader()
    for obj in allRows:
      csvwriter.writerow(obj)



if __name__ == '__main__':
  main(sys.argv)

这相对较好。它将json展平以将其写入csv文件。嵌套元素被管理:)

那是为了python 3

import json

o = json.loads('your json string') # Be careful, o must be a list, each of its objects will make a line of the csv.

def flatten(o, k='/'):
    global l, c_line
    if isinstance(o, dict):
        for key, value in o.items():
            flatten(value, k + '/' + key)
    elif isinstance(o, list):
        for ov in o:
            flatten(ov, '')
    elif isinstance(o, str):
        o = o.replace('\r',' ').replace('\n',' ').replace(';', ',')
        if not k in l:
            l[k]={}
        l[k][c_line]=o

def render_csv(l):
    ftime = True

    for i in range(100): #len(l[list(l.keys())[0]])
        for k in l:
            if ftime :
                print('%s;' % k, end='')
                continue
            v = l[k]
            try:
                print('%s;' % v[i], end='')
            except:
                print(';', end='')
        print()
        ftime = False
        i = 0

def json_to_csv(object_list):
    global l, c_line
    l = {}
    c_line = 0
    for ov in object_list : # Assumes json is a list of objects
        flatten(ov)
        c_line += 1
    render_csv(l)

json_to_csv(o)

请享用。

我解决这个问题的简单方法：

创建一个新的Python文件，例如：json_to_csv.py

添加此代码：

import csv, json, sys
#if you are not using utf-8 files, remove the next line
sys.setdefaultencoding("UTF-8")
#check if you pass the input file and output file
if sys.argv[1] is not None and sys.argv[2] is not None:

    fileInput = sys.argv[1]
    fileOutput = sys.argv[2]

    inputFile = open(fileInput)
    outputFile = open(fileOutput, 'w')
    data = json.load(inputFile)
    inputFile.close()

    output = csv.writer(outputFile)

    output.writerow(data[0].keys())  # header row

    for row in data:
        output.writerow(row.values())

添加此代码后，保存文件并在终端上运行：

python json_to_csv.py input.txt output.csv

希望对您有所帮助。

拜拜！

令人惊讶的是，我发现到目前为止，这里发布的所有答案都无法正确处理所有可能的情况（例如，嵌套的字典，嵌套的列表，无值等）。

该解决方案应适用于所有情况：

def flatten_json(json):
    def process_value(keys, value, flattened):
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            for key in value.keys():
                process_value(keys + [key], value[key], flattened)
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            for idx, v in enumerate(value):
                process_value(keys + [str(idx)], v, flattened)
        else:
            flattened['__'.join(keys)] = value

    flattened = {}
    for key in json.keys():
        process_value([key], json[key], flattened)
    return flattened

试试这个

import csv, json, sys

input = open(sys.argv[1])
data = json.load(input)
input.close()

output = csv.writer(sys.stdout)

output.writerow(data[0].keys())  # header row

for item in data:
    output.writerow(item.values())

此代码适用于任何给定的json文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Jun 17 20:35:35 2019
author: Ram
"""

import json
import csv

with open("file1.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)



# create the csv writer object
pt_data1 = open('pt_data1.csv', 'w')
csvwriter = csv.writer(pt_data1)

count = 0

for pt in data:

      if count == 0:

             header = pt.keys()

             csvwriter.writerow(header)

             count += 1

      csvwriter.writerow(pt.values())

pt_data1.close()

修改了Alec McGail的答案以支持内部带有列表的JSON

    def flattenjson(self, mp, delim="|"):
            ret = []
            if isinstance(mp, dict):
                    for k in mp.keys():
                            csvs = self.flattenjson(mp[k], delim)
                            for csv in csvs:
                                    ret.append(k + delim + csv)
            elif isinstance(mp, list):
                    for k in mp:
                            csvs = self.flattenjson(k, delim)
                            for csv in csvs:
                                    ret.append(csv)
            else:
                    ret.append(mp)

            return ret

谢谢！

import json,csv
t=''
t=(type('a'))
json_data = []
data = None
write_header = True
item_keys = []
try:
with open('kk.json') as json_file:
    json_data = json_file.read()

    data = json.loads(json_data)
except Exception as e:
    print( e)

with open('bar.csv', 'at') as csv_file:
    writer = csv.writer(csv_file)#, quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
    for item in data:
        item_values = []
        for key in item:
            if write_header:
                item_keys.append(key)
            value = item.get(key, '')
            if (type(value)==t):
                item_values.append(value.encode('utf-8'))
            else:
                item_values.append(value)
        if write_header:
            writer.writerow(item_keys)
            write_header = False
        writer.writerow(item_values)

如果我们考虑以下示例，将json格式的文件转换为csv格式的文件。

{
 "item_data" : [
      {
        "item": "10023456",
        "class": "100",
        "subclass": "123"
      }
      ]
}

以下代码将json文件（data3.json）转换为csv文件（data3.csv）。

import json
import csv
with open("/Users/Desktop/json/data3.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)
    file.close()
    print(data)

fname = "/Users/Desktop/json/data3.csv"

with open(fname, "w", newline='') as file:
    csv_file = csv.writer(file)
    csv_file.writerow(['dept',
                       'class',
                       'subclass'])
    for item in data["item_data"]:
         csv_file.writerow([item.get('item_data').get('dept'),
                            item.get('item_data').get('class'),
                            item.get('item_data').get('subclass')])

上面提到的代码已在本地安装的pycharm中执行，并且已成功将json文件转换为csv文件。希望此帮助转换文件。

由于数据似乎是字典格式的，因此您似乎应该实际使用csv.DictWriter（）来实际输出带有适当标题信息的行。这样可以使转换处理起来更加容易。然后，fieldnames参数将正确设置顺序，而第一行的输出作为标头将允许它稍后由csv.DictReader（）读取和处理。

例如，Mike Repass使用

output = csv.writer(sys.stdout)

output.writerow(data[0].keys())  # header row

for row in data:
  output.writerow(row.values())

但是，只需将初始设置更改为output = csv.DictWriter（filesetting，fieldnames = data [0] .keys（））

请注意，由于未定义字典中元素的顺序，因此可能必须显式创建字段名称条目。一旦执行此操作，写行将起作用。然后，写入将按最初显示的方式工作。

不幸的是，我对获得惊人的@Alec McGail答案贡献不大。我正在使用Python3，需要将地图转换为@Alexis R注释后的列表。

另外，我发现csv编写器正在向文件添加一个额外的CR（我在csv文件中的每一行都有一行空行）。按照@Jason R. Coombs对这个线程的回答，解决方案非常简单： Python中的CSV添加了额外的回车符

您只需将lineterminator ='\ n'参数添加到csv.writer。这将是：csv_w = csv.writer( out_file, lineterminator='\n' )

您可以使用此代码将json文件转换为csv文件读取文件后，我将对象转换为pandas数据框，然后将其保存到CSV文件

import os
import pandas as pd
import json
import numpy as np

data = []
os.chdir('D:\\Your_directory\\folder')
with open('file_name.json', encoding="utf8") as data_file:    
     for line in data_file:
        data.append(json.loads(line))

dataframe = pd.DataFrame(data)        
## Saving the dataframe to a csv file
dataframe.to_csv("filename.csv", encoding='utf-8',index= False)

我可能参加聚会晚了，但我认为，我已经解决了类似的问题。我有一个看起来像这样的json文件

我只想从这些json文件中提取一些键/值。因此，我编写了以下代码以提取相同的代码。

    """json_to_csv.py
    This script reads n numbers of json files present in a folder and then extract certain data from each file and write in a csv file.
    The folder contains the python script i.e. json_to_csv.py, output.csv and another folder descriptions containing all the json files.
"""

import os
import json
import csv


def get_list_of_json_files():
    """Returns the list of filenames of all the Json files present in the folder
    Parameter
    ---------
    directory : str
        'descriptions' in this case
    Returns
    -------
    list_of_files: list
        List of the filenames of all the json files
    """

    list_of_files = os.listdir('descriptions')  # creates list of all the files in the folder

    return list_of_files


def create_list_from_json(jsonfile):
    """Returns a list of the extracted items from json file in the same order we need it.
    Parameter
    _________
    jsonfile : json
        The json file containing the data
    Returns
    -------
    one_sample_list : list
        The list of the extracted items needed for the final csv
    """

    with open(jsonfile) as f:
        data = json.load(f)

    data_list = []  # create an empty list

    # append the items to the list in the same order.
    data_list.append(data['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['_modelType'])
    data_list.append(data['creator']['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['creator']['name'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['_accessLevel'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['description'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['name'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['image_type'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['pixelsX'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['pixelsY'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['age_approx'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['benign_malignant'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['diagnosis'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['diagnosis_confirm_type'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['melanocytic'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['sex'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['unstructured']['diagnosis'])
    # In few json files, the race was not there so using KeyError exception to add '' at the place
    try:
        data_list.append(data['meta']['unstructured']['race'])
    except KeyError:
        data_list.append("")  # will add an empty string in case race is not there.
    data_list.append(data['name'])

    return data_list


def write_csv():
    """Creates the desired csv file
    Parameters
    __________
    list_of_files : file
        The list created by get_list_of_json_files() method
    result.csv : csv
        The csv file containing the header only
    Returns
    _______
    result.csv : csv
        The desired csv file
    """

    list_of_files = get_list_of_json_files()
    for file in list_of_files:
        row = create_list_from_json(f'descriptions/{file}')  # create the row to be added to csv for each file (json-file)
        with open('output.csv', 'a') as c:
            writer = csv.writer(c)
            writer.writerow(row)
        c.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    write_csv()

我希望这将有所帮助。有关此代码如何工作的详细信息，请单击此处

这是@MikeRepass答案的修改。此版本将CSV写入文件，并且适用于Python 2和Python 3。

import csv,json
input_file="data.json"
output_file="data.csv"
with open(input_file) as f:
    content=json.load(f)
try:
    context=open(output_file,'w',newline='') # Python 3
except TypeError:
    context=open(output_file,'wb') # Python 2
with context as file:
    writer=csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(content[0].keys()) # header row
    for row in content:
        writer.writerow(row.values())