MVC 5种子用户和角色

我一直在玩新的MVC 5，我有一些使用代码优先迁移的模型，控制器和视图设置。

我的问题是如何播种用户和角色？目前，我在Configuration.cs的Seed方法中植入了一些参考数据。但是在我看来，直到第一次击中AccountController才创建用户和角色表。

我目前有两个连接字符串，因此可以将身份验证中的数据分离到不同的数据库中。

如何获取用户，角色等表格以及其他表格？而不是当帐户控制器被击中时？

这是通常的种子方法的示例：

protected override void Seed(SecurityModule.DataContexts.IdentityDb context)
{
    if (!context.Roles.Any(r => r.Name == "AppAdmin"))
    {
        var store = new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context);
        var manager = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(store);
        var role = new IdentityRole { Name = "AppAdmin" };

        manager.Create(role);
    }

    if (!context.Users.Any(u => u.UserName == "founder"))
    {
        var store = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
        var manager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(store);
        var user = new ApplicationUser {UserName = "founder"};

        manager.Create(user, "ChangeItAsap!");
        manager.AddToRole(user.Id, "AppAdmin");
    }
}

我使用了包管理器“更新数据库”。数据库和所有表均已创建并填充了数据。

这是一个很小的补充，但是对于拥有“未找到UserId”的任何人。尝试播种时出现的消息：（汤姆·雷根（Tom Regan）在评论中有这个问题，我自己停留了一段时间）

这意味着manager.Create（用户，“ ChangeItAsap！”）不成功。这可能有不同的原因，但是对我来说是因为我的密码未通过验证。

我有一个自定义的passwordvalidator，在播种数据库时未调用它，因此我习惯的验证规则（最小长度4而不是默认长度6）不适用。确保您的密码（以及与此相关的所有其他字段）正在通过验证。

这是我基于Valin答案的方法，我在db中添加了角色，并为用户添加了密码。此代码Seed()位于Migrations> Configurations.cs 中的方法中。

// role (Const.getRoles() return string[] whit all roles)

    var RoleManager = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context));
    for (int i = 0; i < Const.getRoles().Length; i++)
    {
        if (RoleManager.RoleExists(Const.getRoles()[i]) == false)
        {
            RoleManager.Create(new IdentityRole(Const.getRoles()[i]));
        }
    }

// user

    var UserManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context));
    var PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher();
    if (!context.Users.Any(u => u.UserName == "admin@admin.net"))
    {
        var user = new ApplicationUser
        {
             UserName = "admin@admin.net",
             Email = "admin@admin.net",
             PasswordHash = PasswordHash.HashPassword("123456")
         };

         UserManager.Create(user);
         UserManager.AddToRole(user.Id, Const.getRoles()[0]);
    }

在这里，我有一个非常简单，干净和流畅的解决方案。

 protected override void Seed(UserContext context)
    { 
        //Step 1 Create the user.
        var passwordHasher = new PasswordHasher();
        var user = new IdentityUser("Administrator");
        user.PasswordHash = passwordHasher.HashPassword("Admin12345");
        user.SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

        //Step 2 Create and add the new Role.
        var roleToChoose = new IdentityRole("Admin");
        context.Roles.Add(roleToChoose);

        //Step 3 Create a role for a user
        var role = new IdentityUserRole();
        role.RoleId = roleToChoose.Id;
        role.UserId = user.Id;

         //Step 4 Add the role row and add the user to DB)
        user.Roles.Add(role);
        context.Users.Add(user);
    }

protected override void Seed(ApplicationDbContext context)
{
  SeedAsync(context).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}

private async Task SeedAsync(ApplicationDbContext context)
{
  var userManager = new ApplicationUserManager(new UserStore<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, int, ApplicationUserLogin, ApplicationUserRole, ApplicationUserClaim>(context));
  var roleManager = new ApplicationRoleManager(new RoleStore<ApplicationRole, int, ApplicationUserRole>(context));

  if (!roleManager.Roles.Any())
  {
    await roleManager.CreateAsync(new ApplicationRole { Name = ApplicationRole.AdminRoleName });
    await roleManager.CreateAsync(new ApplicationRole { Name = ApplicationRole.AffiliateRoleName });
  }

  if (!userManager.Users.Any(u => u.UserName == "shimmy"))
  {
    var user = new ApplicationUser
    {
      UserName = "shimmy",
      Email = "shimmy@gmail.com",
      EmailConfirmed = true,
      PhoneNumber = "0123456789",
      PhoneNumberConfirmed = true
    };

    await userManager.CreateAsync(user, "****");
    await userManager.AddToRoleAsync(user.Id, ApplicationRole.AdminRoleName);
  }
}

看起来他们改变了MVC5中身份验证的工作方式，将我的Global.asax.cs更改为以下方法！

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using MvcAuth.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin;
using System.Threading;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;

namespace MvcAuth
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        async Task<bool> AddRoleAndUser()
        {
            AuthenticationIdentityManager IdentityManager = new AuthenticationIdentityManager(
                new IdentityStore(new ApplicationDbContext()));

            var role = new Role("Role1");
            IdentityResult result = await IdentityManager.Roles.CreateRoleAsync(role, CancellationToken.None);
            if (result.Success == false)
                return false;

            var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = "user1" };
            result = await IdentityManager.Users.CreateLocalUserAsync(user, "Password1");
            if (result.Success == false)
                return false;

            result = await IdentityManager.Roles.AddUserToRoleAsync(user.Id, role.Id, CancellationToken.None);
            return result.Success;
        }

        protected async void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
            bool x = await AddRoleAndUser();
        }
    }
}

在迁移配置中编写此代码。

注意：在配置类中使用ApplicationDbContext。

    internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<ApplicationDbContext>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
        AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = false;
    }

    protected override void Seed(ApplicationDbContext context)
    {
        //  This method will be called after migrating to the latest version.

        //  You can use the DbSet<T>.AddOrUpdate() helper extension method 
        //  to avoid creating duplicate seed data.
                   context.Roles.AddOrUpdate(p =>
            p.Id,
                new IdentityRole { Name = "Admins"},
                new IdentityRole { Name = "PowerUsers" },
                new IdentityRole { Name = "Users" },
                new IdentityRole { Name = "Anonymous" }
            );


    }
}