为了唯一地标识每个设备,我想使用IMEI(或CDMA设备的ESN编号)。如何以编程方式访问它?
为了唯一地标识每个设备,我想使用IMEI(或CDMA设备的ESN编号)。如何以编程方式访问它?
Answers:
您想打电话android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getDeviceId()
。
这将返回唯一标识设备的任何字符串(GSM上的IMEI,CDMA上的MEID)。
您需要具有以下权限AndroidManifest.xml
:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
为此。
话虽这么说,请谨慎执行此操作。用户不仅会想知道您的应用程序为什么要访问其电话堆栈,而且如果用户获得了新设备,可能很难迁移数据。
更新:如下面的评论中所述,这不是一种验证用户身份的安全方法,并且会引起隐私问题。不推荐。相反,如果您想实现无摩擦的登录系统,请查看Google+登录API。
在Android的备份API也可以,如果你只想要一个轻量级的方式来坚持字符串当用户重新设置自己的手机(或购买新设备)的包。
除了Trevor Johns的答案之外,您还可以按以下方式使用它:
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
并且您应该将以下权限添加到您的Manifest.xml文件中:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
在模拟器中,您可能会得到一个类似“ 00000 ...”的值。如果设备ID不可用,则getDeviceId()返回NULL。
READ_PHONE_STATE
许可是否存在任何安全问题?
当设备不具备电话功能时,我使用以下代码获取IMEI或使用Secure.ANDROID_ID作为替代:
/**
* Returns the unique identifier for the device
*
* @return unique identifier for the device
*/
public String getDeviceIMEI() {
String deviceUniqueIdentifier = null;
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) this.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
if (null != tm) {
deviceUniqueIdentifier = tm.getDeviceId();
}
if (null == deviceUniqueIdentifier || 0 == deviceUniqueIdentifier.length()) {
deviceUniqueIdentifier = Settings.Secure.getString(this.getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
}
return deviceUniqueIdentifier;
}
null
了电话deviceId。有人知道如何从平板电脑获取IMEI吗?
或者,您可以使用Android.Provider.Settings.System中的ANDROID_ID设置(如strazerre.com所述)。
这样做的好处是它不需要特殊权限,但是如果另一个应用程序具有写访问权限并可以对其进行更改,则可以更改(这很常见,但并非不可能)。
仅供参考,以下是博客中的代码:
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.provider.Settings.System;
String androidID = System.getString(this.getContentResolver(),Secure.ANDROID_ID);
实施说明:如果ID对于系统体系结构至关重要,则需要注意,实际上在使用中,发现一些非常低端的Android手机和平板电脑正在使用相同的ANDROID_ID(9774d56d682e549c是我们的日志中显示的值)
String androidID = android.provider.Settings.System.getString(this.getContentResolver(), Secure.ANDROID_ID);
来自:http : //mytechead.wordpress.com/2011/08/28/how-to-get-imei-number-of-android-device/:
以下代码有助于获取Android设备的IMEI数:
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String device_id = tm.getDeviceId();
Android清单中所需的权限:
android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
注意:如果平板电脑或设备无法用作手机,则IMEI将为空。
获取IMEI(国际移动设备标识符)
public String getIMEI(Activity activity) {
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) activity
.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
return telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
}
获取设备唯一ID
public String getDeviceUniqueID(Activity activity){
String device_unique_id = Secure.getString(activity.getContentResolver(),
Secure.ANDROID_ID);
return device_unique_id;
}
对于Android 6.0以上版本,游戏已更改,因此我建议您使用它;
最好的方法是在运行时,否则会出现权限错误。
/**
* A loading screen after AppIntroActivity.
*/
public class LoadingActivity extends BaseActivity {
private static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE = 0;
private TextView loading_tv2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_loading);
//trigger 'loadIMEI'
loadIMEI();
/** Fading Transition Effect */
overridePendingTransition(android.R.anim.fade_in, android.R.anim.fade_out);
}
/**
* Called when the 'loadIMEI' function is triggered.
*/
public void loadIMEI() {
// Check if the READ_PHONE_STATE permission is already available.
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// READ_PHONE_STATE permission has not been granted.
requestReadPhoneStatePermission();
} else {
// READ_PHONE_STATE permission is already been granted.
doPermissionGrantedStuffs();
}
}
/**
* Requests the READ_PHONE_STATE permission.
* If the permission has been denied previously, a dialog will prompt the user to grant the
* permission, otherwise it is requested directly.
*/
private void requestReadPhoneStatePermission() {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)) {
// Provide an additional rationale to the user if the permission was not granted
// and the user would benefit from additional context for the use of the permission.
// For example if the user has previously denied the permission.
new AlertDialog.Builder(LoadingActivity.this)
.setTitle("Permission Request")
.setMessage(getString(R.string.permission_read_phone_state_rationale))
.setCancelable(false)
.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
//re-request
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(LoadingActivity.this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE);
}
})
.setIcon(R.drawable.onlinlinew_warning_sign)
.show();
} else {
// READ_PHONE_STATE permission has not been granted yet. Request it directly.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE);
}
}
/**
* Callback received when a permissions request has been completed.
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE) {
// Received permission result for READ_PHONE_STATE permission.est.");
// Check if the only required permission has been granted
if (grantResults.length == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// READ_PHONE_STATE permission has been granted, proceed with displaying IMEI Number
//alertAlert(getString(R.string.permision_available_read_phone_state));
doPermissionGrantedStuffs();
} else {
alertAlert(getString(R.string.permissions_not_granted_read_phone_state));
}
}
}
private void alertAlert(String msg) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(LoadingActivity.this)
.setTitle("Permission Request")
.setMessage(msg)
.setCancelable(false)
.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// do somthing here
}
})
.setIcon(R.drawable.onlinlinew_warning_sign)
.show();
}
public void doPermissionGrantedStuffs() {
//Have an object of TelephonyManager
TelephonyManager tm =(TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
//Get IMEI Number of Phone //////////////// for this example i only need the IMEI
String IMEINumber=tm.getDeviceId();
/************************************************
* **********************************************
* This is just an icing on the cake
* the following are other children of TELEPHONY_SERVICE
*
//Get Subscriber ID
String subscriberID=tm.getDeviceId();
//Get SIM Serial Number
String SIMSerialNumber=tm.getSimSerialNumber();
//Get Network Country ISO Code
String networkCountryISO=tm.getNetworkCountryIso();
//Get SIM Country ISO Code
String SIMCountryISO=tm.getSimCountryIso();
//Get the device software version
String softwareVersion=tm.getDeviceSoftwareVersion()
//Get the Voice mail number
String voiceMailNumber=tm.getVoiceMailNumber();
//Get the Phone Type CDMA/GSM/NONE
int phoneType=tm.getPhoneType();
switch (phoneType)
{
case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_CDMA):
// your code
break;
case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_GSM)
// your code
break;
case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_NONE):
// your code
break;
}
//Find whether the Phone is in Roaming, returns true if in roaming
boolean isRoaming=tm.isNetworkRoaming();
if(isRoaming)
phoneDetails+="\nIs In Roaming : "+"YES";
else
phoneDetails+="\nIs In Roaming : "+"NO";
//Get the SIM state
int SIMState=tm.getSimState();
switch(SIMState)
{
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_ABSENT :
// your code
break;
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_NETWORK_LOCKED :
// your code
break;
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_PIN_REQUIRED :
// your code
break;
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_PUK_REQUIRED :
// your code
break;
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_READY :
// your code
break;
case TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_UNKNOWN :
// your code
break;
}
*/
// Now read the desired content to a textview.
loading_tv2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.loading_tv2);
loading_tv2.setText(IMEINumber);
}
}
希望这对您或某人有帮助。
新更新:
对于Android版本6及更高版本,WLAN MAC地址已被弃用,请按照Trevor Johns的回答
更新:
为了唯一标识设备,可以使用Secure.ANDROID_ID。
旧答案:
使用IMEI作为唯一设备ID的缺点:
您可以使用WLAN MAC地址字符串(不建议用于棉花糖和棉花糖+,因为棉花糖转发不推荐使用WLAN MAC地址。因此,您会得到虚假的值)
我们也可以使用WLAN MAC地址获取Android手机的唯一ID。MAC地址对于所有设备都是唯一的,并且适用于所有类型的设备。
使用WLAN MAC地址作为设备ID的优点:
它是所有类型的设备(智能手机和平板电脑)的唯一标识符。
如果重新安装该应用程序,它将保持唯一
使用WLAN MAC地址作为设备ID的缺点:
给您棉花糖及以上的虚假价值。
如果设备没有wifi硬件,那么您将获得空的MAC地址,但通常可以看出,大多数Android设备都具有wifi硬件,并且市场上几乎没有没有wifi硬件的设备。
消息来源:technetexperts.com
由于API 26 getDeviceId()
已弃用,因此您可以使用以下代码来满足API 26和更早的版本
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String imei="";
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
imei=telephonyManager.getImei();
}
else
{
imei=telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
}
不要忘记添加权限请求READ_PHONE_STATE
以使用上述代码。
更新:从Android 10开始,它仅限于用户应用程序获取不可重置的硬件标识符(例如IMEI)。
TelephonyManager的getDeviceId()方法返回唯一的设备ID,例如,GSM的IMEI和CDMA电话的MEID或ESN。如果设备ID不可用,则返回null。
Java代码
package com.AndroidTelephonyManager;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class AndroidTelephonyManager extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
TextView textDeviceID = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.deviceid);
//retrieve a reference to an instance of TelephonyManager
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
textDeviceID.setText(getDeviceID(telephonyManager));
}
String getDeviceID(TelephonyManager phonyManager){
String id = phonyManager.getDeviceId();
if (id == null){
id = "not available";
}
int phoneType = phonyManager.getPhoneType();
switch(phoneType){
case TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_NONE:
return "NONE: " + id;
case TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_GSM:
return "GSM: IMEI=" + id;
case TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_CDMA:
return "CDMA: MEID/ESN=" + id;
/*
* for API Level 11 or above
* case TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_SIP:
* return "SIP";
*/
default:
return "UNKNOWN: ID=" + id;
}
}
}
XML格式
<linearlayout android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<textview android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:text="@string/hello">
<textview android:id="@+id/deviceid" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent">
</textview></textview></linearlayout>
清单文件中的必需权限 READ_PHONE_STATE。
您可以使用此TelephonyManager TELEPHONY_SERVICE函数获取唯一的设备ID,需要权限:READ_PHONE_STATE
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
例如,用于GSM的IMEI和用于CDMA电话的MEID或ESN。
/**
* Gets the device unique id called IMEI. Sometimes, this returns 00000000000000000 for the
* rooted devices.
**/
public static String getDeviceImei(Context ctx) {
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) ctx.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
return telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
}
如果设备ID不可用,则返回null。
试试这个(需要总是先获得IMEI)
TelephonyManager mTelephony = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(LoginActivity.this,Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return;
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
if (mTelephony.getPhoneCount() == 2) {
IME = mTelephony.getImei(0);
}else{
IME = mTelephony.getImei();
}
}else{
if (mTelephony.getPhoneCount() == 2) {
IME = mTelephony.getDeviceId(0);
} else {
IME = mTelephony.getDeviceId();
}
}
} else {
IME = mTelephony.getDeviceId();
}
使用以下代码为您提供IMEI号码:
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
System.out.println("IMEI::" + telephonyManager.getDeviceId());
Kotlin代码,用于获取具有所有Android版本的处理权限和可比性检查的DeviceId(IMEI):
val telephonyManager = getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE) as TelephonyManager
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Permission is granted
val imei : String? = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) telephonyManager.imei
// older OS versions
else telephonyManager.deviceId
imei?.let {
Log.i("Log", "DeviceId=$it" )
}
} else { // Permission is not granted
}
还要将此权限添加到AndroidManifest.xml:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/> <!-- IMEI-->
您需要在AndroidManifest.xml中具有以下权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
要获取IMEI(国际移动设备标识符),并且如果它高于API级别26,则将其获取telephonyManager.getImei()
为null,为此,我们将ANDROID_ID用作唯一标识符。
public static String getIMEINumber(@NonNull final Context context)
throws SecurityException, NullPointerException {
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String imei;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
assert tm != null;
imei = tm.getImei();
//this change is for Android 10 as per security concern it will not provide the imei number.
if (imei == null) {
imei = Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
}
} else {
assert tm != null;
if (tm.getDeviceId() != null && !tm.getDeviceId().equals("000000000000000")) {
imei = tm.getDeviceId();
} else {
imei = Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
}
}
return imei;
}
对于那些寻找Kotlin版本的人,您可以使用类似以下的方式:
private fun telephonyService() {
val telephonyManager = getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE) as TelephonyManager
val imei = if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
Timber.i("Phone >= 26 IMEI")
telephonyManager.imei
} else {
Timber.i("Phone IMEI < 26")
telephonyManager.deviceId
}
Timber.i("Phone IMEI $imei")
}
注意:您必须telephonyService()
使用checkSelfPermission或使用的任何方法对权限进行包装。
还要在清单文件中添加此权限;
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
使用以下代码:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE};
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
requestPermissions(permissions, READ_PHONE_STATE);
}
} else {
try {
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return;
}
String imei = telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
并调用以下代码的onRequestPermissionsResult方法:
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case READ_PHONE_STATE:
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
try {
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return;
}
String imei = telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
在您的AndroidManifest.xml中添加以下权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
对于Android 10,以下代码对我有效。
val uid: String = Settings.Secure.getString(ctx.applicationContext.contentResolver, Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID)
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(ctx, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
imei = when {
Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q -> {
uid
}
Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O -> {
telephonyManager.imei
}
else -> {
telephonyManager.deviceId
}
}
}