Answers:
最简单的方法是使用列表理解:
[s + mystring for s in mylist]
请注意,我避免使用内置名称,list
因为那样会掩盖或隐藏内置名称,这非常不好。
另外,如果您实际上不需要列表,而只需要一个迭代器,则生成器表达式可以更有效(尽管在短列表中这并不重要):
(s + mystring for s in mylist)
这些功能非常强大,灵活且简洁。每个好的python程序员都应该学会使用它们。
(s + mystring for s in mylist)
["{}) {}".format(i, s) for i, s in enumerate(mylist)]
list2 = ["mystring" + s for s in mylist]
=list2 = ['barfoo', 'barfob', 'barfaz', 'barfunk']
以pythonic方式运行以下实验:
[s + mystring for s in mylist]
似乎比明显的for循环使用快约35%:
i = 0
for s in mylist:
mylist[i] = s+mystring
i = i + 1
实验
import random
import string
import time
mystring = '/test/'
l = []
ref_list = []
for i in xrange( 10**6 ):
ref_list.append( ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for i in range(10)) )
for numOfElements in [5, 10, 15 ]:
l = ref_list*numOfElements
print 'Number of elements:', len(l)
l1 = list( l )
l2 = list( l )
# Method A
start_time = time.time()
l2 = [s + mystring for s in l2]
stop_time = time.time()
dt1 = stop_time - start_time
del l2
#~ print "Method A: %s seconds" % (dt1)
# Method B
start_time = time.time()
i = 0
for s in l1:
l1[i] = s+mystring
i = i + 1
stop_time = time.time()
dt0 = stop_time - start_time
del l1
del l
#~ print "Method B: %s seconds" % (dt0)
print 'Method A is %.1f%% faster than Method B' % ((1 - dt1/dt0)*100)
结果
Number of elements: 5000000
Method A is 38.4% faster than Method B
Number of elements: 10000000
Method A is 33.8% faster than Method B
Number of elements: 15000000
Method A is 35.5% faster than Method B
扩展到“将字符串列表追加到字符串列表”:
import numpy as np
lst1 = ['a','b','c','d','e']
lst2 = ['1','2','3','4','5']
at = np.full(fill_value='@',shape=len(lst1),dtype=object) #optional third list
result = np.array(lst1,dtype=object)+at+np.array(lst2,dtype=object)
结果:
array(['a@1', 'b@2', 'c@3', 'd@4', 'e@5'], dtype=object)
dtype odject可以进一步转换为str
at = np.full(fill_value='@',shape=1,dtype=object)
或简单地: at = np.array("@", dtype=object)
您可以在python地图中使用lambda。写了一个格雷码生成器。 https://github.com/rdm750/rdm750.github.io/blob/master/python/gray_code_generator.py# 您的代码在此处'''n-1位代码,每个单词前加0,后跟以相反的顺序排列的n-1位代码,每个单词前加1。'''
def graycode(n):
if n==1:
return ['0','1']
else:
nbit=map(lambda x:'0'+x,graycode(n-1))+map(lambda x:'1'+x,graycode(n-1)[::-1])
return nbit
for i in xrange(1,7):
print map(int,graycode(i))
更新更多选项
list1 = ['foo', 'fob', 'faz', 'funk']
addstring = 'bar'
for index, value in enumerate(list1):
list1[index] = addstring + value #this will prepend the string
#list1[index] = value + addstring this will append the string
避免将关键字用作“列表”之类的变量,而应将“列表”重命名为“ list1”
list2 = ['%sbar' % (x,) for x in list]
并且不要使用list
名字;它隐藏了内置类型。
'%sbar' % (x,)
代替'%sbar' % x
?为什么不x + 'bar'
呢?
list
因为它是内置的。