Android自定义下拉菜单/弹出菜单


127

如何将自定义下拉菜单/弹出菜单固定在按钮上?

我需要它像弹出菜单(锚定在视图中)一样工作,并且当我从菜单中单击某个项目时要做一些事情。

如何通过代码将项目添加到菜单,如果菜单项超过5个,则保持菜单的高度并使之可滚动。我不需要添加任何图像,只需添加文本即可。

在此处输入图片说明

Answers:


315

更新:要使用Kotlin在android中创建弹出菜单,请在这里参考我的答案。

使用Java在android中创建弹出菜单:

activity_main.xmlres/layout仅包含一个按钮的目录下创建一个布局文件。

文档名称: activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  
    android:layout_width="match_parent"  
    android:layout_height="match_parent"  
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >  

    <Button  
        android:id="@+id/button1"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"  
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"  
        android:layout_marginLeft="62dp"  
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"  
        android:text="Show Popup" />  

</RelativeLayout>  

popup_menu.xmlres/menu目录下创建文件

它包含三个项目,如下所示。

文档名称: poupup_menu.xml

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/one"  
        android:title="One"/>  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/two"  
        android:title="Two"/>  

    <item  
        android:id="@+id/three"  
        android:title="Three"/>  

</menu>  

单击按钮时显示弹出菜单的MainActivity类。

文档名称: MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {  
    private Button button1;  

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //Creating the instance of PopupMenu
                PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this, button1);
                //Inflating the Popup using xml file
                popup.getMenuInflater()
                    .inflate(R.menu.popup_menu, popup.getMenu());

                //registering popup with OnMenuItemClickListener
                popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
                    public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                        Toast.makeText(
                            MainActivity.this,
                            "You Clicked : " + item.getTitle(),
                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
                        ).show();
                        return true;
                    }
                });

                popup.show(); //showing popup menu
            }
        }); //closing the setOnClickListener method
    }
}

以编程方式添加:

PopupMenu menu = new PopupMenu(this, view);

menu.getMenu().add("One");
menu.getMenu().add("Two");
menu.getMenu().add("Three");

menu.show();

按照这个链接,编程方式创建菜单。


嘿,谢谢!!如果要在菜单中添加更多项目怎么办?我可以用代码吗?
stanete 2014年

欢迎..是的,您可以在popup_menu.xml中添加更多项目
Shylendra Madda 2014年

3
好的,我发现了如何添加项目:menu.getMenu()。add(“ item”); 但是,如何自定义菜单?
stanete 2014年

1
现在,它也可以在较低的版本通过使用V7 compat的支持库使用即低于3.0(蜂窝)..
AndroidMech

1
<item android:id =“ @ + id / google_plus” android:title =“ @ string / menu_google_plus” android:icon =“ @ drawable / add_by_gp” android:showAsAction =“ ifRoom | withText” />这就是我的添加方式,但我看不到带有文字的图片
Mr.G 2014年

8

我知道这是一个老问题,但是我找到了另一个对我来说更有效的答案,而且似乎没有出现在任何答案中。

创建布局xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:paddingTop="5dip"
    android:paddingBottom="5dip"
    android:paddingStart="10dip"
    android:paddingEnd="10dip">

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_icon"
    android:layout_width="30dp"
    android:layout_height="30dp"
    android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
    android:scaleType="fitXY" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_text"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingStart="10dp"
    android:paddingEnd="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建一个ListPopupWindow和一个包含以下内容的地图:

ListPopupWindow popupWindow;
List<HashMap<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.left));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.left);
    data.add(map);
    map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.right));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.right);
    data.add(map);

然后单击,使用此功能显示菜单:

private void showListMenu(final View anchor) {
    popupWindow = new ListPopupWindow(this);

    ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
            this,
            data,
            R.layout.shoe_select,
            new String[] {TITLE, ICON}, // These are just the keys that the data uses (constant strings)
            new int[] {R.id.shoe_select_text, R.id.shoe_select_icon}); // The view ids to map the data to

    popupWindow.setAnchorView(anchor);
    popupWindow.setAdapter(adapter);
    popupWindow.setWidth(400);
    popupWindow.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            switch (position){
                case 0:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedLeftPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                case 1:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedRightPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    devicesAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
            });
            popupWindow.dismiss();
        }
    });
    popupWindow.show();
}

6

科特林之路

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) {
    PopupMenu(view.context, view).apply {
                menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
                setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                    Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : " + item.title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                    true
                }
            }.show()
}

更新:在上面的代码中,apply函数this不需要返回,因此我们可以使用run不返回任何内容的方法,并使它变得更简单,我们还可以删除showPopupMenu方法的花括号。

更简单:

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) = PopupMenu(view.context, view).run {
            menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
            setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : ${item.title}", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                true
            }
            show()
        }

3

首先,在“ res”文件夹中创建一个名为“ menu”的文件夹。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <item
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_search"
        android:title="Search"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/add"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_add"
        android:title="Add"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/edit"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_edit"
        android:title="Edit">
        <menu>
            <item
                android:id="@+id/share"
                android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_share"
                android:title="Share"/>
        </menu>
    </item>

</menu>

然后,创建您的活动类:

public class PopupMenu1 extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.popup_menu_1);
    }

    public void onPopupButtonClick(View button) {
        PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(this, button);
        popup.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.popup, popup.getMenu());

        popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
            public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                Toast.makeText(PopupMenu1.this,
                        "Clicked popup menu item " + item.getTitle(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return true;
            }
        });

        popup.show();
    }
}
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