我想运行一个查询
select ... as days where `date` is between '2010-01-20' and '2010-01-24'
并返回如下数据:
天 ---------- 2010-01-20 2010-01-21 2010-01-22 2010-01-23 2010-01-24
insert into table select ... as days date between '' and ''
我想运行一个查询
select ... as days where `date` is between '2010-01-20' and '2010-01-24'
并返回如下数据:
天 ---------- 2010-01-20 2010-01-21 2010-01-22 2010-01-23 2010-01-24
insert into table select ... as days date between '' and ''
Answers:
此解决方案不使用循环,过程或临时表。子查询会生成最近10,000天的日期,并且可以扩展为任意向前或向后的日期。
select a.Date
from (
select curdate() - INTERVAL (a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a) + (1000 * d.a) ) DAY as Date
from (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as a
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as b
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as c
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as d
) a
where a.Date between '2010-01-20' and '2010-01-24'
输出:
Date
----------
2010-01-24
2010-01-23
2010-01-22
2010-01-21
2010-01-20
性能说明
在这里对其进行测试,其性能令人惊讶地良好:上面的查询花费了0.0009秒。
如果我们扩展子查询以生成近似值。100,000个数字(因此约有274年的日期),运行时间为0.0458秒。
顺便说一句,这是一种非常可移植的技术,该技术可以在大多数数据库中进行少量调整。
UNION
为,则会看到更好的性能UNION ALL
-这是浪费时间检查重复项以删除不存在的重复项。但是,这使IMO过于复杂-如果要使用UNION构造结果集,为什么不只指定日期并完成日期呢?
这是使用视图的另一个变体:
CREATE VIEW digits AS
SELECT 0 AS digit UNION ALL
SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT 2 UNION ALL
SELECT 3 UNION ALL
SELECT 4 UNION ALL
SELECT 5 UNION ALL
SELECT 6 UNION ALL
SELECT 7 UNION ALL
SELECT 8 UNION ALL
SELECT 9;
CREATE VIEW numbers AS
SELECT
ones.digit + tens.digit * 10 + hundreds.digit * 100 + thousands.digit * 1000 AS number
FROM
digits as ones,
digits as tens,
digits as hundreds,
digits as thousands;
CREATE VIEW dates AS
SELECT
SUBDATE(CURRENT_DATE(), number) AS date
FROM
numbers;
然后您可以简单地做(看看它有多优雅?):
SELECT
date
FROM
dates
WHERE
date BETWEEN '2010-01-20' AND '2010-01-24'
ORDER BY
date
更新资料
值得注意的是,您将只能生成从当前日期开始的过去日期。如果要生成任何类型的日期范围(过去,将来和之间),则必须使用此视图:
CREATE VIEW dates AS
SELECT
SUBDATE(CURRENT_DATE(), number) AS date
FROM
numbers
UNION ALL
SELECT
ADDDATE(CURRENT_DATE(), number + 1) AS date
FROM
numbers;
dates
上面提到的第一个视图会计算从当前日期开始的日期,这就是为什么您将无法检索将来设置的日期的原因。@RedFilter的答案也存在相同的设计缺陷。我在答案中添加了解决方法。
UNION
子句在单个SQL语句中看起来都很奇怪。
可接受的答案不适用于PostgreSQL(“ a”或附近的语法错误)。
在PostgreSQL中执行此操作的方法是使用generate_series
函数,即:
SELECT day::date
FROM generate_series('2010-01-20', '2010-01-24', INTERVAL '1 day') day;
day
------------
2010-01-20
2010-01-21
2010-01-22
2010-01-23
2010-01-24
(5 rows)
使用递归公用表表达式(CTE),可以生成日期列表,然后从中进行选择。显然,您通常不希望创建三百万个日期,因此这仅说明了可能性。您可以简单地限制CTE内的日期范围,并使用CTE从select语句中省略where子句。
with [dates] as (
select convert(datetime, '1753-01-01') as [date] --start
union all
select dateadd(day, 1, [date])
from [dates]
where [date] < '9999-12-31' --end
)
select [date]
from [dates]
where [date] between '2013-01-01' and '2013-12-31'
option (maxrecursion 0)
在Microsoft SQL Server 2005上,生成所有可能日期的CTE列表的时间为1:08。发电一百年不到一秒钟。
MSSQL查询
select datetable.Date
from (
select DATEADD(day,-(a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a)),getdate()) AS Date
from (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as a
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as b
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as c
) datetable
where datetable.Date between '2014-01-20' and '2014-01-24'
order by datetable.Date DESC
输出量
Date
-----
2014-01-23 12:35:25.250
2014-01-22 12:35:25.250
2014-01-21 12:35:25.250
2014-01-20 12:35:25.250
在没有循环/游标的情况下执行此操作的传统方法是创建一个NUMBERS
表,该表具有单个Integer列,其值从1开始。
CREATE TABLE `example`.`numbers` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
您需要在表中填充足够的记录来满足您的需求:
INSERT INTO NUMBERS (id) VALUES (NULL);
拥有NUMBERS
表格后,您可以使用:
SELECT x.start_date + INTERVAL n.id-1 DAY
FROM NUMBERS n
JOIN (SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-20', '%Y-%m-%d') AS start_date
FROM DUAL) x
WHERE x.start_date + INTERVAL n.id-1 DAY <= '2010-01-24'
绝对的低技术解决方案是:
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-20', '%Y-%m-%d')
FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-21', '%Y-%m-%d')
FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-22', '%Y-%m-%d')
FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-23', '%Y-%m-%d')
FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('2010-01-24', '%Y-%m-%d')
FROM DUAL
生成日期或数字列表以便向左联接。您要这样做是为了查看数据中的空白,因为您要左移到顺序数据列表中-空值会使在空白中显而易见。
DUAL
Oracle和MySQL支持将该表用作该FROM
子句中的替代表。它不存在,从中选择值将返回任何值。这个想法是有替代的,因为SELECT查询需要一个FROM
子句指定至少一个表。
对于Access 2010-需要多个步骤;我遵循与上述相同的模式,但是认为我可以帮助Access中的某个人。对我来说很棒,我不必保留播种日期表。
创建一个称为DUAL的表(类似于Oracle DUAL表的工作方式)
创建一个名为“ ZeroThru9Q”的查询;手动输入以下语法:
SELECT 0 AS a
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 1
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 2
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 3
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 4
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 5
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 6
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 7
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 8
FROM dual
UNION ALL
SELECT 9
FROM dual;
创建一个名为“ TodayMinus1KQ”的查询(对于今天之前的日期);手动输入以下语法:
SELECT date() - (a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a)) AS MyDate
FROM
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS a,
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS b,
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS c
创建一个名为“ TodayPlus1KQ”的查询(用于今天之后的日期);手动输入以下语法:
SELECT date() + (a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a)) AS MyDate
FROM
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS a,
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS b,
(SELECT *
FROM ZeroThru9Q) AS c;
创建一个名为“ TodayPlusMinus1KQ”的联合查询(日期+/- 1000天):
SELECT MyDate
FROM TodayMinus1KQ
UNION
SELECT MyDate
FROM TodayPlus1KQ;
现在您可以使用查询:
SELECT MyDate
FROM TodayPlusMinus1KQ
WHERE MyDate BETWEEN #05/01/2014# and #05/30/2014#
程序+临时表:
DELIMITER $$
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `days`(IN dateStart DATE, IN dateEnd DATE)
BEGIN
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS date_range (day DATE);
WHILE dateStart <= dateEnd DO
INSERT INTO date_range VALUES (dateStart);
SET dateStart = DATE_ADD(dateStart, INTERVAL 1 DAY);
END WHILE;
SELECT * FROM date_range;
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS date_range;
END
th Pentium10-您让我加入了stackoverflow :)-这是我向msaccess的移植-认为它可以在任何版本上使用:
SELECT date_value
FROM (SELECT a.espr1+(10*b.espr1)+(100*c.espr1) AS integer_value,
dateadd("d",integer_value,dateserial([start_year], [start_month], [start_day])) as date_value
FROM (select * from
(
select top 1 "0" as espr1 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "1" as espr2 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "2" as espr3 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "3" as espr4 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "4" as espr5 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "5" as espr6 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "6" as espr7 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "7" as espr8 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "8" as espr9 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "9" as espr9 from MSysObjects
) as a,
(
select top 1 "0" as espr1 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "1" as espr2 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "2" as espr3 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "3" as espr4 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "4" as espr5 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "5" as espr6 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "6" as espr7 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "7" as espr8 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "8" as espr9 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "9" as espr9 from MSysObjects
) as b,
(
select top 1 "0" as espr1 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "1" as espr2 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "2" as espr3 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "3" as espr4 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "4" as espr5 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "5" as espr6 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "6" as espr7 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "7" as espr8 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "8" as espr9 from MSysObjects
union all
select top 1 "9" as espr9 from MSysObjects
) as c
) as d)
WHERE date_value
between dateserial([start_year], [start_month], [start_day])
and dateserial([end_year], [end_month], [end_day]);
引用的MSysObjects仅在from子句中“导致访问需要在一个表中计数”至少1条记录-任何具有至少1条记录的表都可以。
正如已经给出的许多出色答案中所述(或至少已提及),一旦您有一组数字可以使用,这个问题就很容易解决。
注意:以下是T-SQL,但这只是我在此处以及整个Internet上提到的一般概念的特定实现。将代码转换为您选择的方言应该相对简单。
怎么样?考虑以下查询:
SELECT DATEADD(d, N, '0001-01-22')
FROM Numbers -- A table containing the numbers 0 through N
WHERE N <= 5;
上面的代码产生的日期范围是1/22/0001-1/27/0001,非常琐碎。有2个信息关键部分在上面的查询:在开始日期的0001-01-22
和抵消的5
。如果我们将这两部分信息结合起来,那么我们显然会有结束日期。因此,在给定两个日期的情况下,生成范围可以按如下方式分解:
找出两个给定日期之间的差(偏移量),很容易:
-- Returns 125
SELECT ABS(DATEDIFF(d, '2014-08-22', '2014-12-25'))
使用ABS()
此处可确保日期顺序无关。
生成一组有限的数字,也很容易:
-- Returns the numbers 0-2
SELECT N = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) - 1
FROM(SELECT 'A' AS S UNION ALL SELECT 'A' UNION ALL SELECT 'A')
请注意,我们实际上并不关心在FROM
这里选择的内容。我们只需要一个集合即可使用,以便我们计算其中的行数。我个人使用TVF,有些使用CTE,另一些使用数字表,您就会明白。我主张使用您也了解的性能最高的解决方案。
结合这两种方法可以解决我们的问题:
DECLARE @date1 DATE = '9001-11-21';
DECLARE @date2 DATE = '9001-11-23';
SELECT D = DATEADD(d, N, @date1)
FROM (
SELECT N = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) - 1
FROM (SELECT 'A' AS S UNION ALL SELECT 'A' UNION ALL SELECT 'A') S
) Numbers
WHERE N <= ABS(DATEDIFF(d, @date1, @date2));
上面的示例是可怕的代码,但演示了所有内容如何组合在一起。
更多乐趣
我需要做很多这样的事情,因此我将逻辑封装到两个TVF中。第一个生成数字范围,第二个使用此功能生成日期范围。数学运算是为了确保输入顺序无关紧要,因为我想使用中提供的全部数字GenerateRangeSmallInt
。
以下函数需要约16ms的CPU时间才能返回65536个日期的最大范围。
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GenerateRangeDate (
@date1 DATE,
@date2 DATE
)
RETURNS TABLE
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
RETURN (
SELECT D = DATEADD(d, N + 32768, CASE WHEN @date1 <= @date2 THEN @date1 ELSE @date2 END)
FROM dbo.GenerateRangeSmallInt(-32768, ABS(DATEDIFF(d, @date1, @date2)) - 32768)
);
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GenerateRangeSmallInt (
@num1 SMALLINT = -32768
, @num2 SMALLINT = 32767
)
RETURNS TABLE
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
RETURN (
WITH Numbers(N) AS (
SELECT N FROM(VALUES
(1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 16
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 32
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 48
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 64
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 80
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 96
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 112
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 128
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 144
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 160
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 176
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 192
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 208
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 224
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 240
, (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1) -- 256
) V (N)
)
SELECT TOP(ABS(CAST(@num1 AS INT) - CAST(@num2 AS INT)) + 1)
N = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) + CASE WHEN @num1 <= @num2 THEN @num1 ELSE @num2 END - 1
FROM Numbers A
, Numbers B
);
试试这个。
SELECT TO_DATE('20160210','yyyymmdd') - 1 + LEVEL AS start_day
from DUAL
connect by level <= (TO_DATE('20160228','yyyymmdd') + 1) - TO_DATE('20160210','yyyymmdd') ;
您想获取日期范围。
在您的示例中,您想要获取“ 2010-01-20”和“ 2010-01-24”之间的日期
可能的解决方案:
select date_add('2010-01-20', interval row day) from
(
SELECT @row := @row + 1 as row FROM
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t2,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t3,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t4,
(SELECT @row:=-1) r
) sequence
where date_add('2010-01-20', interval row day) <= '2010-01-24'
说明
MySQL具有date_add函数,因此
select date_add('2010-01-20', interval 1 day)
会给你
2010-01-21
该DATEDIFF功能将让你经常知道你不得不重复这个
select datediff('2010-01-24', '2010-01-20')
哪个返回
4
获取日期范围内的日期列表归结为创建整数序列,请参阅在MySQL中生成整数序列
此处最受支持的答案采用了与https://stackoverflow.com/a/2652051/1497139类似的方法作为基础:
SELECT @row := @row + 1 as row FROM
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t2,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t3,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t4,
(SELECT @row:=0) r
limit 4
这将导致
row
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
这些行现在可用于创建从给定开始日期开始的日期列表。要包括开始日期,我们从第-1行开始;
select date_add('2010-01-20', interval row day) from
(
SELECT @row := @row + 1 as row FROM
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t2,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t3,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t4,
(SELECT @row:=-1) r
) sequence
where date_add('2010-01-20', interval row day) <= '2010-01-24'
如果您需要几天以上,则需要一张桌子。
然后,
select from days.day, count(mytable.field) as fields from days left join mytable on day=date where date between x and y;
这是例子
我们在一张桌子上有日期
表名称:“ testdate”
STARTDATE ENDDATE
10/24/2012 10/24/2012
10/27/2012 10/29/2012
10/30/2012 10/30/2012
要求结果:
STARTDATE
10/24/2012
10/27/2012
10/28/2012
10/29/2012
10/30/2012
解:
WITH CTE AS
(SELECT DISTINCT convert(varchar(10),StartTime, 101) AS StartTime,
datediff(dd,StartTime, endTime) AS diff
FROM dbo.testdate
UNION ALL SELECT StartTime,
diff - 1 AS diff
FROM CTE
WHERE diff<> 0)
SELECT DISTINCT DateAdd(dd,diff, StartTime) AS StartTime
FROM CTE
说明:CTE递归查询说明
查询的第一部分:
SELECT DISTINCT convert(varchar(10), StartTime, 101) AS StartTime, datediff(dd, StartTime, endTime) AS diff FROM dbo.testdate
说明:第一列为“开始日期”,第二列为开始和结束日期的天数之差,将其视为“差异”列
查询的第二部分:
UNION ALL SELECT StartTime, diff-1 AS diff FROM CTE WHERE diff<>0
说明:全部合并将继承上述查询的结果,直到结果变为空为止,因此,“ StartTime”结果是从生成的CTE查询中继承的,并且是从diff中递减的-1,因此其外观类似于3、2和1直到0
例如
STARTDATE DIFF
10/24/2012 0
10/27/2012 0
10/27/2012 1
10/27/2012 2
10/30/2012 0
结果规格
STARTDATE Specification
10/24/2012 --> From Record 1
10/27/2012 --> From Record 2
10/27/2012 --> From Record 2
10/27/2012 --> From Record 2
10/30/2012 --> From Record 3
查询的第三部分
SELECT DISTINCT DateAdd(dd,diff, StartTime) AS StartTime FROM CTE
它将在“开始日期”中添加日期“ diff”,因此结果应如下所示
结果
STARTDATE
10/24/2012
10/27/2012
10/28/2012
10/29/2012
10/30/2012
比接受的答案短,相同的想法:
(SELECT TRIM('2016-01-05' + INTERVAL a + b DAY) date
FROM
(SELECT 0 a UNION SELECT 1 a UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3
UNION SELECT 4 UNION SELECT 5 UNION SELECT 6 UNION SELECT 7
UNION SELECT 8 UNION SELECT 9 ) d,
(SELECT 0 b UNION SELECT 10 UNION SELECT 20
UNION SELECT 30 UNION SELECT 40) m
WHERE '2016-01-05' + INTERVAL a + b DAY <= '2016-01-21')
对于任何希望将其保存为视图的人(MySQL不支持视图中的嵌套select语句):
create view zero_to_nine as
select 0 as n union all
select 1 union all
select 2 union all
select 3 union all
select 4 union all
select 5 union all
select 6 union all
select 7 union all
select 8 union all
select 9;
create view date_range as
select curdate() - INTERVAL (a.n + (10 * b.n) + (100 * c.n)) DAY as date
from zero_to_nine as a
cross join zero_to_nine as b
cross join zero_to_nine as c;
然后你可以做
select * from date_range
要得到
date
---
2017-06-06
2017-06-05
2017-06-04
2017-06-03
2017-06-02
...
优雅的解决方案,在MariaDB> = 10.3和MySQL> = 8.0中使用新的递归(公用表表达式)功能。
WITH RECURSIVE t as (
select '2019-01-01' as dt
UNION
SELECT DATE_ADD(t.dt, INTERVAL 1 DAY) FROM t WHERE DATE_ADD(t.dt, INTERVAL 1 DAY) <= '2019-04-30'
)
select * FROM t;
上面的表格返回了'2019-01-01'和'2019-04-30'之间的日期。它也相当快。在我的计算机上,返回价值1000年的日期(约365,000天)大约需要400毫秒。
即时生成这些日期是一个好主意。但是,我感到自己不愿意在较大范围内执行此操作,因此最终得到以下解决方案:
CREATE TABLE DatesNumbers (
i MEDIUMINT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (i)
)
COMMENT='Used by Dates view'
;
INSERT INTO DatesNumbers
SELECT
a.i + (10 * b.i) + (100 * c.i) + (1000 * d.i) + (10000 * e.i) - 59999 AS i
FROM
(SELECT 0 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9) AS a,
(SELECT 0 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9) AS b,
(SELECT 0 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9) AS c,
(SELECT 0 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9) AS d,
(SELECT 0 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9) AS e
;
SELECT
i,
CURRENT_DATE() + INTERVAL i DAY AS Date
FROM
DatesNumbers
而已。
WHERE i < 0
或WHERE i > 0
(PK)过滤“仅过去”或“仅将来”日期好吧。尝试一下:http :
//www.devshed.com/c/a/MySQL/Delving-Deeper-into-MySQL-50/
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/zh/ loop-statement.html
http://www.roseindia.net/sql/mysql-example/mysql-loop.shtml
用它来生成临时表,然后在临时表上执行select *。或一次输出一个结果。
您要说的话不能用SELECT语句完成,但是它可能对MySQL特定的东西可行。
再说一遍,也许您需要游标:http : //dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/cursors.html
set language 'SPANISH'
DECLARE @table table(fechaDesde datetime , fechaHasta datetime )
INSERT @table VALUES('20151231' , '20161231');
WITH x AS
(
SELECT DATEADD( m , 1 ,fechaDesde ) as fecha FROM @table
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD( m , 1 ,fecha )
FROM @table t INNER JOIN x ON DATEADD( m , 1 ,x.fecha ) <= t.fechaHasta
)
SELECT LEFT( CONVERT( VARCHAR, fecha , 112 ) , 6 ) as Periodo_Id
,DATEPART ( dd, DATEADD(dd,-(DAY(fecha)-1),fecha)) Num_Dia_Inicio
,DATEADD(dd,-(DAY(fecha)-1),fecha) Fecha_Inicio
,DATEPART ( mm , fecha ) Mes_Id
,DATEPART ( yy , fecha ) Anio
,DATEPART ( dd, DATEADD(dd,-(DAY(DATEADD(mm,1,fecha))),DATEADD(mm,1,fecha))) Num_Dia_Fin
,DATEADD(dd,-(DAY(DATEADD(mm,1,fecha))),DATEADD(mm,1,fecha)) ultimoDia
,datename(MONTH, fecha) mes
,'Q' + convert(varchar(10), DATEPART(QUARTER, fecha)) Trimestre_Name
FROM x
OPTION(MAXRECURSION 0)
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE GenerateRangeDates(IN dateStart DATE, IN dateEnd DATE)
BEGIN
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dates (day DATE);
loopDate: LOOP
INSERT INTO dates(day) VALUES (dateStart);
SET dateStart = DATE_ADD(dateStart, INTERVAL 1 DAY);
IF dateStart <= dateEnd
THEN ITERATE loopDate;
ELSE LEAVE loopDate;
END IF;
END LOOP loopDate;
SELECT day FROM dates;
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS dates;
END
$$
-- Call procedure
call GenerateRangeDates(
now() - INTERVAL 40 DAY,
now()
);
Redite的SQLite版本最佳解决方案
select d.Date
from (
select
date(julianday('2010-01-20') + (a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a))) as Date
from (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as a
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as b
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as c
) d
where
d.Date between '2010-01-20' and '2010-01-24'
order by d.Date
改进了工作日并加入了自定义假期表 Microsoft MSSQL 2012 for powerpivot日期表 https://gist.github.com/josy1024/cb1487d66d9e0ccbd420bc4a23b6e90e
with [dates] as (
select convert(datetime, '2016-01-01') as [date] --start
union all
select dateadd(day, 1, [date])
from [dates]
where [date] < '2018-01-01' --end
)
select [date]
, DATEPART (dw,[date]) as Wochentag
, (select holidayname from holidaytable
where holidaytable.hdate = [date])
as Feiertag
from [dates]
where [date] between '2016-01-01' and '2016-31-12'
option (maxrecursion 0)
WITH
Digits AS (SELECT 0 D UNION SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3 UNION SELECT 4 UNION SELECT 5 UNION SELECT 6 UNION SELECT 7 UNION SELECT 8 UNION SELECT 9),
Dates AS (SELECT adddate('1970-01-01',t4.d*10000 + t3.d*1000 + t2.d*100 + t1.d*10 +t0.d) AS date FROM Digits AS t0, Digits AS t1, Digits AS t2, Digits AS t3, Digits AS t4)
SELECT * FROM Dates WHERE date BETWEEN '2017-01-01' AND '2017-12-31'
也可以创建一个程序来创建具有不同于天的 timestmap的日历表。 如果要每个季度都有一张桌子
例如
2019-01-22 08:45:00
2019-01-22 09:00:00
2019-01-22 09:15:00
2019-01-22 09:30:00
2019-01-22 09:45:00
2019-01-22 10:00:00
您可以使用
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `generate_calendar_table`()
BEGIN
select unix_timestamp('2014-01-01 00:00:00') into @startts;
select unix_timestamp('2025-01-01 00:00:00') into @endts;
if ( @startts < @endts ) then
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS calendar_table_tmp;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE calendar_table_tmp (ts int, dt datetime);
WHILE ( @startts < @endts)
DO
SET @startts = @startts + 900;
INSERT calendar_table_tmp VALUES (@startts, from_unixtime(@startts));
END WHILE;
END if;
END
然后通过
select ts, dt from calendar_table_tmp;
那也给你
'1548143100', '2019-01-22 08:45:00'
'1548144000', '2019-01-22 09:00:00'
'1548144900', '2019-01-22 09:15:00'
'1548145800', '2019-01-22 09:30:00'
'1548146700', '2019-01-22 09:45:00'
'1548147600', '2019-01-22 10:00:00'
从这里您可以开始添加其他信息,例如
select ts, dt, weekday(dt) as wd from calendar_table_tmp;
或使用create table语句创建真实表
适用于AWS MySQL的更通用的答案。
select datetable.Date
from (
select date_format(adddate(now(),-(a.a + (10 * b.a) + (100 * c.a))),'%Y-%m-%d') AS Date
from (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as a
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as b
cross join (select 0 as a union all select 1 union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4
union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) as c
) datetable
where datetable.Date between now() - INTERVAL 14 Day and Now()
order by datetable.Date DESC
使用递归公用表表达式的mysql 8.0.1和mariadb 10.2.2的另一种解决方案:
with recursive dates as (
select '2010-01-20' as date
union all
select date + interval 1 day from dates where date < '2010-01-24'
)
select * from dates;