执行HTTP POST并使用响应的简单C示例

90

我想创建一个执行HTTP发布的非常简单的C应用程序。这将需要一些参数，并使用这些参数来构造URL。我只想做一个简单的HTTP POST并获得不使用curl的响应（这些库不会也不会安装在需要运行的机器上）。

伪代码：

  1. 进程2参数

  2. 将args放入模板URL：http : //api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2

  3. 在生成的网址上发布

  4. 消耗响应

我的Google和SO搜索对此没有任何帮助。

c  http  http-post 
— kmarks2
source
2
您是否使用任何一种网络框架？您使用什么操作系统？
— cnicutar 2014年
它只是一个基本的Fedora或Cent框。网络框架是常用的sys / socket，netdb，arpa / inet。只是不是libcurl。
— kmarks2 2014年
1
不是libcurl。您是否愿意使用任何其他库，或者它必须是全POSIX。
— cnicutar 2014年
不幸的是所有POSIX。它必须在任何系统上都是完全独立的。
— kmarks2 2014年
2
我有一个为您制作的样本，但是如果消息正文没有，我不明白为什么您要使用POST。如果所有参数都在查询字符串中，为什么不执行GET？
— Jerry Jeremiah 2014年

Answers:

191

一条消息的标题部分和消息主体由空白行分隔。即使没有邮件正文，也始终需要空白行。标头以命令开头，并具有由冒号和空格分隔的其他键值对行。如果有消息正文，则可以是您想要的任何内容。

标头中的行和标头末尾的空行必须以回车和换行对结尾（请参阅HTTP标头换行样式），因此这就是这些行末尾有\ r \ n的原因。

URL的形式为 http://host:port/path?query_string

向网站提交请求的主要方法有两种：

  • GET：查询字符串是可选的，但如果指定，则必须相当短。因此，标头可能只是GET命令而已。样本消息可能是：

    GET /path?query_string HTTP/1.0\r\n
\r\n

  • POST：通常在查询字符串中包含的内容是消息的正文。因此，标头需要包含Content-Type：和Content-Length：属性以及POST命令。样本消息可能是：

    POST /path HTTP/1.0\r\n
Content-Type: text/plain\r\n
Content-Length: 12\r\n
\r\n
query_string

因此，回答您的问题：如果您对POST感兴趣的URL是http://api.somesite.com/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2，则没有正文或查询字符串，因此没有理由进行POST，因为那里在消息正文中没有放置任何内容，因此在Content-Type：和Content-Length中没有放置任何内容

我想如果您真的愿意的话可以发布。在这种情况下，您的消息将如下所示：

POST /apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2 HTTP/1.0\r\n
\r\n

因此，要发送消息，C程序需要：

  • 创建一个套接字
  • 查找IP地址
  • 打开插座
  • 发送请求
  • 等待回应
  • 关闭插座

发送和接收调用不一定会发送/接收您提供给他们的所有数据，它们会返回实际发送/接收的字节数。您可以循环调用它们并发送/接收消息的其余部分。

在此示例中，我没有做任何真正的错误检查-当出现故障时，我只是退出程序。请让我知道这对你有没有用：

#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
#include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */

void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    /* first what are we going to send and where are we going to send it? */
    int portno =        80;
    char *host =        "api.somesite.com";
    char *message_fmt = "POST /apikey=%s&command=%s HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n";

    struct hostent *server;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    int sockfd, bytes, sent, received, total;
    char message[1024],response[4096];

    if (argc < 3) { puts("Parameters: <apikey> <command>"); exit(0); }

    /* fill in the parameters */
    sprintf(message,message_fmt,argv[1],argv[2]);
    printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);

    /* create the socket */
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");

    /* lookup the ip address */
    server = gethostbyname(host);
    if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");

    /* fill in the structure */
    memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
    memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);

    /* connect the socket */
    if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
        error("ERROR connecting");

    /* send the request */
    total = strlen(message);
    sent = 0;
    do {
        bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
        if (bytes < 0)
            error("ERROR writing message to socket");
        if (bytes == 0)
            break;
        sent+=bytes;
    } while (sent < total);

    /* receive the response */
    memset(response,0,sizeof(response));
    total = sizeof(response)-1;
    received = 0;
    do {
        bytes = read(sockfd,response+received,total-received);
        if (bytes < 0)
            error("ERROR reading response from socket");
        if (bytes == 0)
            break;
        received+=bytes;
    } while (received < total);

    if (received == total)
        error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");

    /* close the socket */
    close(sockfd);

    /* process response */
    printf("Response:\n%s\n",response);

    return 0;
}

就像其他答案指出的那样，4096字节不是很大的响应。假设对您的请求的回复很短，我是随机选择的。如果可能很大，您有两种选择：

  • 从响应中读取Content-Length：标头，然后动态分配足够的内存来容纳整个响应。
  • 片段到达时将响应写入文件

回答评论中提出的问题的其他信息：

如果要在消息正文中发布数据怎么办？然后，您确实需要包括Content-Type：和Content-Length：标头。Content-Length：是将标头与正文分开的空行之后的所有内容的实际长度。

这是一个采用以下命令行参数的示例：

  • 主办
  • 港口
  • 命令（GET或POST）
  • 路径（不包括查询数据）
  • 查询数据（放入GET的查询字符串和POST的正文）
  • 标头列表（Content-Length：如果使用POST，则为自动）

因此，对于原始问题，您将运行：

a.out api.somesite.com 80 GET "/apikey=ARG1&command=ARG2"

对于注释中提出的问题，您将运行：

a.out api.somesite.com 80 POST / "name=ARG1&value=ARG2" "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"

这是代码：

#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit, atoi, malloc, free */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
#include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */

void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    int i;

    /* first where are we going to send it? */
    int portno = atoi(argv[2])>0?atoi(argv[2]):80;
    char *host = strlen(argv[1])>0?argv[1]:"localhost";

    struct hostent *server;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    int sockfd, bytes, sent, received, total, message_size;
    char *message, response[4096];

    if (argc < 5) { puts("Parameters: <host> <port> <method> <path> [<data> [<headers>]]"); exit(0); }

    /* How big is the message? */
    message_size=0;
    if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
    {
        message_size+=strlen("%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\n");        /* method         */
        message_size+=strlen(argv[3]);                         /* path           */
        message_size+=strlen(argv[4]);                         /* headers        */
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen(argv[5]);                     /* query string   */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
        message_size+=strlen("\r\n");                          /* blank line     */
    }
    else
    {
        message_size+=strlen("%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n");
        message_size+=strlen(argv[3]);                         /* method         */
        message_size+=strlen(argv[4]);                         /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen("Content-Length: %d\r\n")+10; /* content length */
        message_size+=strlen("\r\n");                          /* blank line     */
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen(argv[5]);                     /* body           */
    }

    /* allocate space for the message */
    message=malloc(message_size);

    /* fill in the parameters */
    if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
    {
        if(argc>5)
            sprintf(message,"%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
                strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET",               /* method         */
                strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/",                 /* path           */
                strlen(argv[5])>0?"?":"",                      /* ?              */
                strlen(argv[5])>0?argv[5]:"");                 /* query string   */
        else
            sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
                strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET",               /* method         */
                strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/");                /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            {strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
        strcat(message,"\r\n");                                /* blank line     */
    }
    else
    {
        sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",
            strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"POST",                  /* method         */
            strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/");                    /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            {strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
        if(argc>5)
            sprintf(message+strlen(message),"Content-Length: %d\r\n",strlen(argv[5]));
        strcat(message,"\r\n");                                /* blank line     */
        if(argc>5)
            strcat(message,argv[5]);                           /* body           */
    }

    /* What are we going to send? */
    printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);

    /* create the socket */
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");

    /* lookup the ip address */
    server = gethostbyname(host);
    if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");

    /* fill in the structure */
    memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
    memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);

    /* connect the socket */
    if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
        error("ERROR connecting");

    /* send the request */
    total = strlen(message);
    sent = 0;
    do {
        bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
        if (bytes < 0)
            error("ERROR writing message to socket");
        if (bytes == 0)
            break;
        sent+=bytes;
    } while (sent < total);

    /* receive the response */
    memset(response,0,sizeof(response));
    total = sizeof(response)-1;
    received = 0;
    do {
        bytes = read(sockfd,response+received,total-received);
        if (bytes < 0)
            error("ERROR reading response from socket");
        if (bytes == 0)
            break;
        received+=bytes;
    } while (received < total);

    if (received == total)
        error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");

    /* close the socket */
    close(sockfd);

    /* process response */
    printf("Response:\n%s\n",response);

    free(message);
    return 0;
}
— 杰里·耶利米
source
调用时应传递什么参数？
— 圣地亚哥·马丁·奥尔布里希
您需要传递将用作apikey的内容作为第一个参数，并将第二个参数传递给第二个参数作为命令。如果要使用完全不同的查询字符串，则需要更改格式字符串，参数数量和使用情况消息。
— 杰里·耶利米
2
此代码发出格式错误的HTTP请求。HTTP指定请求行必须由回车/换行对（\r\n）终止，但是此代码使用空换行。
— 约翰·博林格
@JohnBollinger这是真的。感谢您指出。希望编辑后的答案更好。
— 杰里·耶利米
这则讯息有什么问题？"POST /variableName=%s&value=%s HTTP/1.1\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nContent-Length: 4\r\n\r\n\r\n"我想发布类似name = reaz的帖子。它响应400错误的请求
— 雷阿兹穆尔希德
12

杰里的答案很好。但是，它无法处理大量响应。一个简单的更改来处理此问题：

memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
total = sizeof(response)-1;
received = 0;
do {
    printf("RESPONSE: %s\n", response);
    // HANDLE RESPONSE CHUCK HERE BY, FOR EXAMPLE, SAVING TO A FILE.
    memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
    bytes = recv(sockfd, response, 1024, 0);
    if (bytes < 0)
        printf("ERROR reading response from socket");
    if (bytes == 0)
        break;
    received+=bytes;
} while (1);
— 彼得·华盛顿
source
3
您可以将示例中的响应数组做得更大。我以为他只是找回一些json并没有下载巨大的文件，但是根据查询，即使json也可能是兆字节……
— Jerry Jeremiah 2015年
1
我是C初学者，您的答案可能是正确的。但是，您可以在回答中添加解释吗？
— boop 2015年
2
这实际上只是对已接受答案的评论，而不应单独尝试回答。
— Michael Gaskill
1
只需在此处添加一件事，这很好用，但是您应该读取缓冲区的大小-1个字节。为了正确查看它，我不会在该打印语句中使用换行符。应该看起来像这样：bytes = recv(sockfd, response, 1023, 0)
— xjsc16x
11

经过数周的研究。我想出了以下代码。我认为这是使用SSL与Web服务器建立安全连接所需的最低要求。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/bio.h>

#define APIKEY "YOUR_API_KEY"
#define HOST "YOUR_WEB_SERVER_URI"
#define PORT "443"

int main() {

    //
    //  Initialize the variables
    //
    BIO* bio;
    SSL* ssl;
    SSL_CTX* ctx;

    //
    //   Registers the SSL/TLS ciphers and digests.
    //
    //   Basically start the security layer.
    //
    SSL_library_init();

    //
    //  Creates a new SSL_CTX object as a framework to establish TLS/SSL
    //  or DTLS enabled connections
    //
    ctx = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_client_method());

    //
    //  -> Error check
    //
    if (ctx == NULL)
    {
        printf("Ctx is null\n");
    }

    //
    //   Creates a new BIO chain consisting of an SSL BIO
    //
    bio = BIO_new_ssl_connect(ctx);

    //
    //  Use the variable from the beginning of the file to create a 
    //  string that contains the URL to the site that you want to connect
    //  to while also specifying the port.
    //
    BIO_set_conn_hostname(bio, HOST ":" PORT);

    //
    //   Attempts to connect the supplied BIO
    //
    if(BIO_do_connect(bio) <= 0)
    {
        printf("Failed connection\n");
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Connected\n");
    }

    //
    //  The bare minimum to make a HTTP request.
    //
    char* write_buf = "POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                      "Host: " HOST "\r\n"
                      "Authorization: Basic " APIKEY "\r\n"
                      "Connection: close\r\n"
                      "\r\n";

    //
    //   Attempts to write len bytes from buf to BIO
    //
    if(BIO_write(bio, write_buf, strlen(write_buf)) <= 0)
    {
        //
        //  Handle failed writes here
        //
        if(!BIO_should_retry(bio))
        {
            // Not worth implementing, but worth knowing.
        }

        //
        //  -> Let us know about the failed writes
        //
        printf("Failed write\n");
    }

    //
    //  Variables used to read the response from the server
    //
    int size;
    char buf[1024];

    //
    //  Read the response message
    //
    for(;;)
    {
        //
        //  Get chunks of the response 1023 at the time.
        //
        size = BIO_read(bio, buf, 1023);

        //
        //  If no more data, then exit the loop
        //
        if(size <= 0)
        {
            break;
        }

        //
        //  Terminate the string with a 0, to let know C when the string 
        //  ends.
        //
        buf[size] = 0;

        //
        //  ->  Print out the response
        //
        printf("%s", buf);
    }

    //
    //  Clean after ourselves
    //
    BIO_free_all(bio);
    SSL_CTX_free(ctx);

    return 0;
}

上面的代码将详细说明如何与远程服务器建立TLS连接。

重要说明：此代码不会检查公钥是否由有效的授权机构签名。意思是我不使用根证书进行验证。不要忘记执行此检查，否则您将不会知道自己是否连接了正确的网站

当涉及到请求本身时。只需手动编写HTTP请求即可。

您还可以在此链接下找到有关如何在系统中安装openSSL以及如何编译代码以使其使用安全库的说明。

— 大卫·加蒂
source
2
很好的解释！
— Satyam Koyani
不，下一个变量是端口，我们已经连接到正确的端口。
— David Gatti
3

添加了句柄。
添加了主机头。
添加了对Linux / Windows的支持，已通过测试（XP，WIN7）。
警告：错误：如果没有主机，路径或端口作为参数，则为“分段错误”。

#include <stdio.h> /* printf, sprintf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* exit, atoi, malloc, free */
#include <unistd.h> /* read, write, close */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy, memset */
#ifdef __linux__ 
    #include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, connect */
    #include <netdb.h> /* struct hostent, gethostbyname */
    #include <netinet/in.h> /* struct sockaddr_in, struct sockaddr */
#elif _WIN32
    #include <winsock2.h>
    #include <ws2tcpip.h>
    #include <windows.h>
    #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") //Winsock Library

#else

#endif

void error(const char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); }

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{

    int i;
    struct hostent *server;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    int bytes, sent, received, total, message_size;
    char *message, response[4096];
    int portno = atoi(argv[2])>0?atoi(argv[2]):80;
    char *host = strlen(argv[1])>0?argv[1]:"localhost";
    char *path = strlen(argv[4])>0?argv[4]:"/";
    if (argc < 5) { puts("Parameters: <host> <port> <method> <path> [<data> [<headers>]]"); exit(0); }
    /* How big is the message? */
    message_size=0;
    if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
    {
                printf("Process 1\n");
        message_size+=strlen("%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n");        /* method         */
        message_size+=strlen(argv[3]);                         /* path           */
        message_size+=strlen(path);                         /* headers        */
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen(argv[5]);                     /* query string   */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
        message_size+=strlen("\r\n");                          /* blank line     */
    }
    else
    {
                printf("Process 2\n");
        message_size+=strlen("%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n");
        message_size+=strlen(argv[3]);                         /* method         */
        message_size+=strlen(path);                            /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            message_size+=strlen(argv[i])+strlen("\r\n");
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen("Content-Length: %d\r\n")+10; /* content length */
        message_size+=strlen("\r\n");                          /* blank line     */
        if(argc>5)
            message_size+=strlen(argv[5]);                     /* body           */
    }
            printf("Allocating...\n");
    /* allocate space for the message */
    message=malloc(message_size);

    /* fill in the parameters */
    if(!strcmp(argv[3],"GET"))
    {
        if(argc>5)
            sprintf(message,"%s %s%s%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
                strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET",               /* method         */
                path,                                          /* path           */
                strlen(argv[5])>0?"?":"",                      /* ?              */
                strlen(argv[5])>0?argv[5]:"",host);            /* query string   */
        else
            sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
                strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"GET",               /* method         */
                path,host);                                    /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            {strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
        strcat(message,"\r\n");                                /* blank line     */
    }
    else
    {
        sprintf(message,"%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n",
            strlen(argv[3])>0?argv[3]:"POST",                  /* method         */
            path,host);                                        /* path           */
        for(i=6;i<argc;i++)                                    /* headers        */
            {strcat(message,argv[i]);strcat(message,"\r\n");}
        if(argc>5)
            sprintf(message+strlen(message),"Content-Length: %d\r\n",(int)strlen(argv[5]));
        strcat(message,"\r\n");                                /* blank line     */
        if(argc>5)
            strcat(message,argv[5]);                           /* body           */
    }
    printf("Processed\n");
    /* What are we going to send? */
    printf("Request:\n%s\n",message);
        /* lookup the ip address */

    total = strlen(message);
    /* create the socket */
    #ifdef _WIN32
WSADATA wsa;
SOCKET s;

printf("\nInitialising Winsock...");
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsa) != 0)
{
    printf("Failed. Error Code : %d",WSAGetLastError());
    return 1;
}

printf("Initialised.\n");

//Create a socket
if((s = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_STREAM , 0 )) == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
    printf("Could not create socket : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
}

printf("Socket created.\n");

server = gethostbyname(host);
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(server->h_addr);
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
//Connect to remote server
if (connect(s , (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr , sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
{
    printf("connect failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
    return 1;
}

puts("Connected");
if( send(s , message , strlen(message) , 0) < 0)
{
    printf("Send failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
    return 1;
}
puts("Data Send\n");

//Receive a reply from the server
if((received = recv(s , response , 2000 , 0)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
    printf("recv failed with error code : %d" , WSAGetLastError());
}

puts("Reply received\n");

//Add a NULL terminating character to make it a proper string before printing
response[received] = '\0';
puts(response);

closesocket(s);
WSACleanup();
    #endif
    #ifdef __linux__ 
    int sockfd;
    server = gethostbyname(host);
    if (server == NULL) error("ERROR, no such host");
        sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket");
        /* fill in the structure */
        memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
        serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
        memcpy(&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
                /* connect the socket */
        if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0)
            error("ERROR connecting");
                /* send the request */

    sent = 0;
    do {
        bytes = write(sockfd,message+sent,total-sent);
        if (bytes < 0)
            error("ERROR writing message to socket");
        if (bytes == 0)
            break;
        sent+=bytes;
    } while (sent < total);
    /* receive the response */
    memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
    total = sizeof(response)-1;
    received = 0;
    printf("Response: \n");
    do {
       printf("%s", response);
       memset(response, 0, sizeof(response));
       bytes = recv(sockfd, response, 1024, 0);
        if (bytes < 0)
           printf("ERROR reading response from socket");
       if (bytes == 0)
           break;
       received+=bytes;
    } while (1);

    if (received == total)
        error("ERROR storing complete response from socket");

    /* close the socket */
    close(sockfd);
    #endif


    free(message);

    return 0;
}
— 威廉·迪斯波特斯
source
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