我正在尝试在运行时生成带有渐变颜色背景(从纯色到透明)的视图。有办法吗?
我正在尝试在运行时生成带有渐变颜色背景(从纯色到透明)的视图。有办法吗?
Answers:
UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50)];
CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradient.frame = view.bounds;
gradient.colors = @[(id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor, (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor];
[view.layer insertSublayer:gradient atIndex:0];
let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 320, height: 50))
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = view.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.white.cgColor, UIColor.black.cgColor]
view.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
信息:使用startPoint和endPoint 更改渐变的方向。
如果还添加了其他视图UIView
(例如UILabel
),则可能需要考虑将其的背景色设置为UIView
,[UIColor clearColor]
以便显示渐变视图而不是子视图的背景色。使用clearColor
对性能有轻微影响。
view
为self.view
,它就像一个魅力:)
gradient.frame = view.bounds
in viewDidAppear()
和in didRotateFromInterfaceOrientation()
,否则渐变的大小将无法正确调整。
您可以创建一个自定义类GradientView
:
斯威夫特5
class GradientView: UIView {
override open class var layerClass: AnyClass {
return CAGradientLayer.classForCoder()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
let gradientLayer = layer as! CAGradientLayer
gradientLayer.colors = [UIColor.white.cgColor, UIColor.black.cgColor]
}
}
在情节提要中,将类类型设置为要具有渐变背景的任何视图:
这可以通过以下方式更好:
CLayer
NSConstraint
照常使用UIView
layerClass
,它不再是一个函数,而是一个属性,因此您必须像一个属性一样覆盖它:stackoverflow.com/questions/28786597/…。您还必须实现override init(frame: CGRect)
,请检查以下答案:stackoverflow.com/questions/27374330/…。谢谢!
init(frame:CGRect)
。我测试了更新的代码,它工作正常。
@IBDesignable
使用它,为什么没有在IB中呈现它?
试试这个对我来说就像一个魅力,
目标C
我已将RGB渐变背景颜色设置为UIview
UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,0,320,35)];
CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradient.frame = view.bounds;
gradient.startPoint = CGPointZero;
gradient.endPoint = CGPointMake(1, 1);
gradient.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)[[UIColor colorWithRed:34.0/255.0 green:211/255.0 blue:198/255.0 alpha:1.0] CGColor],(id)[[UIColor colorWithRed:145/255.0 green:72.0/255.0 blue:203/255.0 alpha:1.0] CGColor], nil];
[view.layer addSublayer:gradient];
更新: -Swift3 +
代码:-
var gradientView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 320, height: 35))
let gradientLayer:CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradientLayer.frame.size = self.gradientView.frame.size
gradientLayer.colors =
[UIColor.white.cgColor,UIColor.red.withAlphaComponent(1).cgColor]
//Use diffrent colors
gradientView.layer.addSublayer(gradientLayer)
您可以添加渐变颜色的起点和终点。
gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)
有关更多详细信息,请参考CAGradientLayer文档
希望这对某人有帮助。
这是我推荐的方法。
为了提高可重用性,我想创建一个类别CAGradientLayer
并添加所需的渐变作为类方法。header
像这样在文件中指定它们:
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
@interface CAGradientLayer (SJSGradients)
+ (CAGradientLayer *)redGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)blueGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)turquoiseGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)flavescentGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)whiteGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)chocolateGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)tangerineGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)pastelBlueGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)yellowGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)purpleGradientLayer;
+ (CAGradientLayer *)greenGradientLayer;
@end
然后在实现文件中,使用以下语法指定每个渐变:
+ (CAGradientLayer *)flavescentGradientLayer
{
UIColor *topColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.92 blue:0.56 alpha:1];
UIColor *bottomColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.18 green:0.18 blue:0.18 alpha:1];
NSArray *gradientColors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)topColor.CGColor, (id)bottomColor.CGColor, nil];
NSArray *gradientLocations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInt:0.0],[NSNumber numberWithInt:1.0], nil];
CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradientLayer.colors = gradientColors;
gradientLayer.locations = gradientLocations;
return gradientLayer;
}
然后,只需将此类别导入您ViewController
或其他任何必需的类别中subclass
,然后像这样使用它:
CAGradientLayer *backgroundLayer = [CAGradientLayer purpleGradientLayer];
backgroundLayer.frame = self.view.frame;
[self.view.layer insertSublayer:backgroundLayer atIndex:0];
viewDidLoad
viewDidLoad
,如果该应用以横向方向启动则无法正常工作。我的解决方案是使背景层框架比view.frame宽,以补偿其他方向。
由于我整个应用程序只需要一种渐变类型,因此我创建了UIView的子类,并在初始化时使用固定颜色预配置了渐变层。UIView的初始化程序调用configureGradientLayer方法,该方法配置CAGradientLayer:
DDGradientView.h:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface DDGradientView : UIView {
}
@end
DDGradientView.m:
#import "DDGradientView.h"
@implementation DDGradientView
// Change the views layer class to CAGradientLayer class
+ (Class)layerClass
{
return [CAGradientLayer class];
}
- (instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder];
if(self) {
[self configureGradientLayer];
}
return self;
}
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if(self) {
[self configureGradientLayer];
}
return self;
}
// Make custom configuration of your gradient here
- (void)configureGradientLayer {
CAGradientLayer *gLayer = (CAGradientLayer *)self.layer;
gLayer.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)[[UIColor whiteColor] CGColor], (id)[[UIColor lightGrayColor] CGColor], nil];
}
@end
initGradientLayer
类似于初始化程序。我认为这不是很合适。
快速实施:
var gradientLayerView: UIView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, view.bounds.width, 50))
var gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = gradientLayerView.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.grayColor().CGColor, UIColor.clearColor().CGColor]
gradientLayerView.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
self.view.layer.insertSublayer(gradientLayerView.layer, atIndex: 0)
我已经使用Swift的扩展功能以及一个枚举来扩展了可接受的答案。
哦,如果你使用的是故事板像我这样做,请确保调用gradientBackground(from:to:direction:)
中viewDidLayoutSubviews()
或更高版本。
迅捷3
enum GradientDirection {
case leftToRight
case rightToLeft
case topToBottom
case bottomToTop
}
extension UIView {
func gradientBackground(from color1: UIColor, to color2: UIColor, direction: GradientDirection) {
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = self.bounds
gradient.colors = [color1.cgColor, color2.cgColor]
switch direction {
case .leftToRight:
gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
case .rightToLeft:
gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
case .bottomToTop:
gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 1.0)
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.0)
default:
break
}
self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
}
}
我通过扩展迅速实现了这一点:
迅捷3
extension UIView {
func addGradientWithColor(color: UIColor) {
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = self.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.clear.cgColor, color.cgColor]
self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
}
}
斯威夫特2.2
extension UIView {
func addGradientWithColor(color: UIColor) {
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = self.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.clearColor().CGColor, color.CGColor]
self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
}
}
不,我可以在每个视图上设置渐变,如下所示:
myImageView.addGradientWithColor(UIColor.blue)
快速方法
该答案建立在上述答案的基础上,并提供了用于解决在旋转过程中无法正确应用渐变的问题的实现。通过将渐变层更改为正方形来满足此问题,以便在所有方向上旋转都可以生成正确的渐变。该函数签名包括一个Swift可变参数,该参数允许根据需要传入尽可能多的CGColorRef(CGColor)(请参阅示例用法)。还提供了一个Swift扩展示例,以便可以将渐变应用于任何UIView。
func configureGradientBackground(colors:CGColorRef...){
let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
let maxWidth = max(self.view.bounds.size.height,self.view.bounds.size.width)
let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.view.bounds.origin, size: CGSizeMake(maxWidth, maxWidth))
gradient.frame = squareFrame
gradient.colors = colors
view.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
}
使用方法:
在viewDidLoad ...
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
configureGradientBackground(UIColor.redColor().CGColor, UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor)
}
扩展实施
extension CALayer {
func configureGradientBackground(colors:CGColorRef...){
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
let maxWidth = max(self.bounds.size.height,self.bounds.size.width)
let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.bounds.origin, size: CGSizeMake(maxWidth, maxWidth))
gradient.frame = squareFrame
gradient.colors = colors
self.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
}
}
扩展用例示例:
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.layer.configureGradientBackground(UIColor.purpleColor().CGColor, UIColor.blueColor().CGColor, UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor)
}
这意味着渐变背景现在可以应用于任何UIControl,因为所有控件都是UIView(或子类),并且所有UIView都具有CALayers。
斯威夫特4
扩展实施
extension CALayer {
public func configureGradientBackground(_ colors:CGColor...){
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
let maxWidth = max(self.bounds.size.height,self.bounds.size.width)
let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.bounds.origin, size: CGSize(width: maxWidth, height: maxWidth))
gradient.frame = squareFrame
gradient.colors = colors
self.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
}
}
扩展用例示例:
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.layer.configureGradientBackground(UIColor.purple.cgColor, UIColor.blue.cgColor, UIColor.white.cgColor)
}
您正在寻找的是CAGradientLayer
。每个UIView
图层都有一个图层-您可以在该图层中添加子图层,就像添加子视图一样。一种特定的类型是CAGradientLayer
,您可以在其中提供一系列要在其之间渐变的颜色。
一个简单的例子就是这种用于渐变视图的简单包装器:
http://oleb.net/blog/2010/04/obgradientview-a-simple-uiview-wrapper-for-cagradientlayer/
请注意,您需要包括QuartZCore框架才能访问UIView的所有层部分。
斯威夫特4:
正确显示IB中的渐变:
@IBDesignable public class GradientView: UIView {
override open class var layerClass: AnyClass {
return CAGradientLayer.classForCoder()
}
required public init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
configureGradientLayer()
}
public override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
configureGradientLayer()
}
func configureGradientLayer() {
let gradientLayer = layer as! CAGradientLayer
gradientLayer.colors = [UIColor(hex: 0x003399).cgColor, UIColor(hex: 0x00297b).cgColor]
}
}
extension UIView {
func applyGradient(isVertical: Bool, colorArray: [UIColor]) {
if let sublayers = layer.sublayers {
sublayers.filter({ $0 is CAGradientLayer }).forEach({ $0.removeFromSuperlayer() })
}
let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradientLayer.colors = colorArray.map({ $0.cgColor })
if isVertical {
//top to bottom
gradientLayer.locations = [0.0, 1.0]
} else {
//left to right
gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
}
backgroundColor = .clear
gradientLayer.frame = bounds
layer.insertSublayer(gradientLayer, at: 0)
}
}
用法
someView.applyGradient(isVertical: true, colorArray: [.green, .blue])
基于Yuchen版本的简单快速视图
class GradientView: UIView {
override class func layerClass() -> AnyClass { return CAGradientLayer.self }
lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
return self.layer as! CAGradientLayer
}()
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
}
}
然后您可以像这样在初始化后使用gradientLayer ...
someView.gradientLayer.colors = [UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor, UIColor.blackColor().CGColor]
我的解决方案是创建UIView
具有CAGradientLayer
只读属性的可访问子类。这将使您可以按自己的喜好自定义渐变,无需自己处理布局更改。子类实现:
@interface GradientView : UIView
@property (nonatomic, readonly) CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer;
@end
@implementation GradientView
+ (Class)layerClass
{
return [CAGradientLayer class];
}
- (CAGradientLayer *)gradientLayer
{
return (CAGradientLayer *)self.layer;
}
@end
用法:
self.iconBackground = [GradientView new];
[self.background addSubview:self.iconBackground];
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.colors = @[(id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor, (id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor];
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(1.0f, 1.0f);
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(0.0f, 0.0f);
最好调用上面的解决方案来更新
viewDidLayoutSubviews
使视图正确更新
SWIFT 3
在视图上添加渐变层
绑定您的视图出口
@IBOutlet var YOURVIEW : UIView!
定义CAGradientLayer()
var gradient = CAGradientLayer()
这是您必须在viewDidLoad中编写的代码
YOURVIEW.layoutIfNeeded()
gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: CGFloat(0), y: CGFloat(1))
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: CGFloat(1), y: CGFloat(0))
gradient.frame = YOURVIEW.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.red.cgColor, UIColor.green.cgColor]
gradient.colors = [ UIColor(red: 255.0/255.0, green: 56.0/255.0, blue: 224.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0).cgColor,UIColor(red: 86.0/255.0, green: 13.0/255.0, blue: 232.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0).cgColor,UIColor(red: 16.0/255.0, green: 173.0/255.0, blue: 245.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0).cgColor]
gradient.locations = [0.0 ,0.6 ,1.0]
YOURVIEW.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
在Swift 3.1中,我已将此扩展添加到UIView
import Foundation
import UIKit
import CoreGraphics
extension UIView {
func gradientOfView(withColours: UIColor...) {
var cgColours = [CGColor]()
for colour in withColours {
cgColours.append(colour.cgColor)
}
let grad = CAGradientLayer()
grad.frame = self.bounds
grad.colors = cgColours
self.layer.insertSublayer(grad, at: 0)
}
}
然后我打电话给
class OverviewVC: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.gradientOfView(withColours: UIColor.red,UIColor.green, UIColor.blue)
}
}
我已经在我的代码中实现了这一点。
UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, self.view.frame.size.width, 31.0f)];
view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradient.frame = view1.bounds;
UIColor *topColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:132.0/255.0 green:222.0/255.0 blue:109.0/255.0 alpha:1.0];
UIColor *bottomColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:31.0/255.0 green:150.0/255.0 blue:99.0/255.0 alpha:1.0];
gradient.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)[topColor CGColor], (id)[bottomColor CGColor], nil];
[view1.layer insertSublayer:gradient atIndex:0];
现在,我可以在视图上看到一个渐变。
为UIView提供渐变颜色(swift 4.2)
func makeGradientLayer(`for` object : UIView, startPoint : CGPoint, endPoint : CGPoint, gradientColors : [Any]) -> CAGradientLayer {
let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.colors = gradientColors
gradient.locations = [0.0 , 1.0]
gradient.startPoint = startPoint
gradient.endPoint = endPoint
gradient.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, w: object.frame.size.width, h: object.frame.size.height)
return gradient
}
如何使用
let start : CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
let end : CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)
let gradient: CAGradientLayer = makeGradientLayer(for: cell, startPoint: start, endPoint: end, gradientColors: [
UIColor(red:0.92, green:0.07, blue:0.4, alpha:1).cgColor,
UIColor(red:0.93, green:0.11, blue:0.14, alpha:1).cgColor
])
self.vwTemp.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)