如何使枚举符合Swift中的协议？

Swift文档说，类，结构和枚举都可以符合协议，我可以说它们都符合。但是我无法让枚举的行为完全类似于类和结构示例：

protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get set }
    mutating func adjust()
}

class SimpleClass: ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String = "A very simple class."
    var anotherProperty: Int = 69105

    func adjust() {
        simpleDescription += " Now 100% adjusted."
    }
}

var a = SimpleClass()
a.adjust()
let aDescription = a.simpleDescription

struct SimpleStructure: ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String = "A simple structure"

    mutating func adjust() {
        simpleDescription += " (adjusted)"
    }
}

var b = SimpleStructure()
b.adjust()
let bDescription = b.simpleDescription

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Base

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            return "A Simple Enum"
        }
        set {
            newValue
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self.simpleDescription += ", adjusted"
    }
}

var c = SimpleEnum.Base
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

我还没有弄清楚如何通过simpleDescription调用来更改adjust()。我的示例显然不会这样做，因为getter具有一个硬编码的值，但是如何simpleDescription在仍然符合ExampleProtocol？的同时设置一个值？

这是我的尝试：

protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get }
    mutating func adjust()
}

enum ExampleEnum : ExampleProtocol {
    case Base, Adjusted

    var simpleDescription: String {
        return self.getDescription()
    }

    func getDescription() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Base:
            return "A simple description of enum"
        case .Adjusted:
            return "Adjusted description of enum"
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = ExampleEnum.Adjusted
    }
}

var c = ExampleEnum.Base
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

这是我的看法。

由于这是一个enum而不是a class，因此您必须考虑different（TM）：当更改的“状态” enum（如@ hu-qiang指出）时，必须更改您的描述。

enum SimpleEnumeration: ExampleProtocol {
  case Basic, Adjusted

  var description: String {
    switch self {
    case .Basic:
      return "A simple Enumeration"
    case .Adjusted:
      return "A simple Enumeration [adjusted]"
    }
  }

  mutating func adjust()  {
    self = .Adjusted
  }
}

var c = SimpleEnumeration.Basic
c.description
c.adjust()
c.description

希望能有所帮助。

这是另一种方法，仅使用从巡回演出中获得的知识*

enum SimpleEnumeration: String, ExampleProtocol {
    case Basic = "A simple enumeration", Adjusted = "A simple enumeration (adjusted)"

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            return self.toRaw()
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }
}

var c = SimpleEnumeration.Basic
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

如果您想adjust()充当切换键（尽管没有任何迹象表明确实如此），请使用：

mutating func adjust() {
    switch self {
    case .Basic:
        self = .Adjusted
    default:
        self = .Basic
    }
}

*（尽管没有明确提及如何指定返回类型和协议）

这是一个不会更改当前枚举值，但会更改其实例值的解决方案（以防万一它对任何人都有用）。

enum ProtoEnumeration : ExampleProtocol {
    case One(String)
    case Two(String)

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            switch self {
            case let .One(desc):
                return desc
            case let .Two(desc):
                return desc
            }
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case let .One(desc):
            self = .One(desc + ", adjusted 1")
        case let .Two(desc):
            self = .Two(desc + ", adjusted 2")
        }
    }
}

var p = ProtoEnumeration.One("test")
p.simpleDescription
p.adjust()
p.simpleDescription

在枚举中没有getter和setter的情况下就无法定义变量，因此不可能拥有可以修改的变量。

您可以遵循协议，但不能像在类中那样具有相同的变异行为。

它是有关枚举的链接。

结构和枚举是值类型。默认情况下，不能从其实例方法中修改值类型的属性。链接

然后，您必须使用变异功能。

enum ProtocolEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case on, off
    var simpleDescription: String {
        switch self {
        case .on:
            return "Switch is ON"
        case .off:
            return "Switch is OFF"
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .on:
            self = off
        case .off:
            self = on
        }
    }
}

var c = ProtocolEnum.on
c.simpleDescription
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

另一种选择是Adjust（）在情况之间进行切换，如下所示：

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Foo, Bar

    var simpleDescription: String {
    get {
        let value = self == .Foo
            ? "Foo"
            : "Bar"
        return "A simple \(value) enum."
    }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = self == .Foo
            ? .Bar
            : .Foo
    }
}

这是基于杰克的答案：

protocol ICanWalk {
    var description: String { get }
    mutating func stepIt()
}

enum TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack: Int, ICanWalk {
    case Base = 0, Step1, Step2

    var description: String {
        return "Step \(self.rawValue)"
    }

    mutating func stepIt() {
        if let nextStep = TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack( rawValue: self.rawValue + 1 ) {
            // going forward.
            self = nextStep
        } else {
            // back to the base.
            self = TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack.Base
        }
    }
}

我想出了这个

protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get }
    mutating func adjust()
}

enum Seat: ExampleProtocol {
    case WindowSeat, MiddleSeat, AisleSeat

    var simpleDescription : String {
        switch self {
        case .WindowSeat:
            return "Window Seat"
        case .MiddleSeat:
            return "Middle Seat"
        case .AisleSeat:
            return "Aisle Seat"
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .WindowSeat:
            self = .MiddleSeat
        case .MiddleSeat:
            self = . AisleSeat
        case .AisleSeat:
            self = .WindowSeat
        }
    }
}

var seat = Seat.MiddleSeat
print(seat.simpleDescription) // Middle Seat
seat.adjust()
print(seat.simpleDescription) // Aisle Seat

这是我的代码

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Base, Adjusted
    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            var description = "A simple enum."
            switch self {
            case .Base:
                return description
            case .Adjusted:
                return description + " - [adjusted]"
            }
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Adjusted
    }
}
var simpleEnum = SimpleEnum.Base
simpleEnum.adjust()
simpleEnum.simpleDescription

我在这里的第一个贡献：

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Basic(String), Adjusted(String)
    init() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Basic("A simple Enum")

    }

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            switch self {
            case let .Basic(string):
                return string
            case let .Adjusted(string):
                return string
            }
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Adjusted("full adjusted")

    }
}

var c = SimpleEnum()
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

谢谢别人！

由于先前的SimpleClass和SimpleStructure示例显示了内部对属性simpleDescription的修改，因此该实验也使我失望，这使我认为我需要执行相同的操作。在查看了此处发布的其他答案并阅读了官方的Apple Swift 2.1文档之后，我想到了：

protocol ExampleProtocol {
     var simpleDescription: String { get }
     mutating func adjust()
}

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Simple
    case Adjusted

    var simpleDescription: String {
        switch self {
        case .Simple:
            return "A simple enumeration"
        case .Adjusted:
            return "A simple enumeration somewhat changed."
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }

    mutating func restore() {
        self = .Simple
    }
}

var d: SimpleEnum = .Simple
d.simpleDescription

d.adjust()
d.simpleDescription

d.restore()
d.simpleDescription

还要注意，在此实验之前，Apple提供的用于SimpleClass和SimpleStructure的示例中，简单的描述在内部丢失了–您无法取回原始值（除非您将其保存在类/结构之外）；这就是促使我为SimpleEnum示例创建restore（）方法的原因，该方法使您可以在值之间来回切换。希望这对某人有用！

我当时以为目标只是保留状态并使用描述使当前状态更易于阅读：

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {

    case Default, Adjusted

    init() {
        self = .Default
    }

    var simpleDescription: String { get { return "\(self) Value" }}

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }
}

var simpleEnum = SimpleEnum()
simpleEnum.adjust()
let adjustedSimple = simpleEnum.simpleDescript

另一变体：使用关联的值保存并显示上一个选项 （格式为“选择1，从2调整，从1调整，从2调整，从1调整”）

protocol ExampleProtocol {
     var simpleDescription: String { get }
     mutating func adjust()
}

indirect enum EnumWithDescription: ExampleProtocol {
    case option1(EnumWithDescription?)
    case option2(EnumWithDescription?)
    var simpleDescription: String {
        return "Selected " + getDescription()
    }
    internal func getDescription() -> String {
        var currentValue: String
        let previousValue : EnumWithDescription?
        switch self {
        case .option1(let previous):
            currentValue = "1"
            previousValue = previous
        case .option2(let previous):
            currentValue = "2"
            previousValue = previous
        }
        if let adjustedFrom = previousValue?.getDescription() {
            return "\(currentValue) adjusted from \(adjustedFrom)"
        }
        else {
            return "\(currentValue)"
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .option1:
            self = .option2(self)
        case .option2:
            self = .option1(self)
        }
    }
}
var d = EnumWithDescription.option1(nil)
d.simpleDescription
d.adjust()
d.adjust()
d.simpleDescription
// Output: "Selected 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1"

这个怎么样

enum SimpleEnum : ExampleProtocol {
    case Desc(String)
    init() {
        self = Desc("a simple enum")
    }
    var simpleDescription:String {
        get {
            return (Mirror(reflecting: self).children.first!.value as? String)!
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Desc(self.desc + " adjusted")
    }
}
var e = SimpleEnum()
e.simpleDescription    # => "a simple enum"
e.adjust()
e.simpleDescription    # => "a simple enum adjusted"