使用C＃设置全局热键

74

当我的程序未聚焦时，我需要捕捉按键。（即Ctrl+ Alt+ J），并触发我的程序的事件。

到目前为止，我已经找到了似乎是正确路径的该dll”

[DllImport("user32.dll")]private static extern int RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hwnd, int id,int fsModifiers, int vk);

[DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hwnd, int id);
c#  .net  hotkeys 
— Crash893
source
在pinvoke.net上查看示例代码；）
— Thomas Levesque 2010年
1
— 辖施耐德
1
你可以看一下我的帖子的WPF解决方案... [此处输入链接的描述] [1] [1]：stackoverflow.com/questions/48935/...
— 埃里克·韦莱
@ Crash893我知道这是一个老问题，感谢您使用答案进行更新，但是请注意，如果您发现了自己的问题，则可以实际发布答案，而不是将答案嵌入问题中。干杯
— AaronLS 2014年

Answers:

98

请注意，此代码不会触发控制台应用程序项目中的事件。您必须使用WinForms项目来触发事件。

这是正确的代码：

public sealed  class KeyboardHook : IDisposable
{
    // Registers a hot key with Windows.
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
    // Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);

    /// <summary>
    /// Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
    /// </summary>
    private class Window : NativeWindow, IDisposable
    {
        private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;

        public Window()
        {
            // create the handle for the window.
            this.CreateHandle(new CreateParams());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Overridden to get the notifications.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="m"></param>
        protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
        {
            base.WndProc(ref m);

            // check if we got a hot key pressed.
            if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
            {
                // get the keys.
                Keys key = (Keys)(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
                ModifierKeys modifier = (ModifierKeys)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);

                // invoke the event to notify the parent.
                if (KeyPressed != null)
                    KeyPressed(this, new KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key));
            }
        }

        public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;

        #region IDisposable Members

        public void Dispose()
        {
            this.DestroyHandle();
        }

        #endregion
    }

    private Window _window = new Window();
    private int _currentId;

    public KeyboardHook()
    {
        // register the event of the inner native window.
        _window.KeyPressed += delegate(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs args)
        {
            if (KeyPressed != null)
                KeyPressed(this, args);
        };
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Registers a hot key in the system.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
    /// <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
    public void RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
    {
        // increment the counter.
        _currentId = _currentId + 1;

        // register the hot key.
        if (!RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, (uint)modifier, (uint)key))
            throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn’t register the hot key.");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// A hot key has been pressed.
    /// </summary>
    public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;

    #region IDisposable Members

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // unregister all the registered hot keys.
        for (int i = _currentId; i > 0; i--)
        {
            UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i);
        }

        // dispose the inner native window.
        _window.Dispose();
    }

    #endregion
}

/// <summary>
/// Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
/// </summary>
public class KeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
{
    private ModifierKeys _modifier;
    private Keys _key;

    internal KeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
    {
        _modifier = modifier;
        _key = key;
    }

    public ModifierKeys Modifier
    {
        get { return _modifier; }
    }

    public Keys Key
    {
        get { return _key; }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// The enumeration of possible modifiers.
/// </summary>
[Flags]
public enum ModifierKeys : uint
{
    Alt = 1,
    Control = 2,
    Shift = 4,
    Win = 8
}

使用（我必须编辑修饰键以将其转换为（修饰符）1（修饰符）2等

public partial  class Form1 : Form
{
    KeyboardHook hook = new KeyboardHook();

    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        // register the event that is fired after the key press.
        hook.KeyPressed +=
            new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(hook_KeyPressed);
        // register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
        hook.RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Alt,
            Keys.F12);
    }

    void hook_KeyPressed(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs e)
    {
        // show the keys pressed in a label.
        label1.Text = e.Modifier.ToString() + " + " + e.Key.ToString();
    }
}
— AaronLS
source
2
如果我不需要任何修饰键，该怎么办？RegisterHotKey()强迫您输入内容。
— 丹W
1
@ DanW我认为枚举具有ModifierKeys.None
— AaronLS 2015年
3
@DanW添加None = 0到public enum ModifierKeys声明中，看看是否这样做。
— AaronLS 2015年
1
公平的观点，但偶尔在全局范围内使用功能键或键盘可能会很有用。您的Add None = 0建议顺便崩溃了。
— Dan W
1
在另一个问题上，我似乎做得Dispose()不好。使用再次重新创建热键后RegisterHotKey()，该热键将无法使用。处理时，我什至也hook.KeyPressed -= new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(myFunc);没有成功。我也试过改变的秩序hook.Dispose();和hook.KeyPressed -= ......没有成功。也许您可以更新代码以帮助注销。
— 丹·W
3

这是工作 vb.net原始答案的端口：

KeyboardHook.vb

Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

Public NotInheritable Class KeyboardHook
    Implements IDisposable

    ' Registers a hot key with Windows.
    <DllImport("user32.dll")> _
    Private Shared Function RegisterHotKey(hWnd As IntPtr, id As Integer, fsModifiers As UInteger, vk As UInteger) As Boolean
    End Function

    ' Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
    <DllImport("user32.dll")> _
    Private Shared Function UnregisterHotKey(hWnd As IntPtr, id As Integer) As Boolean
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
    ''' </summary>
    Private Class Window
        Inherits NativeWindow
        Implements IDisposable
        Private Shared WM_HOTKEY As Integer = &H312

        Public Sub New()
            ' create the handle for the window.
            Me.CreateHandle(New CreateParams())
        End Sub

        Public Event KeyPressed As EventHandler(Of KeyPressedEventArgs)

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Overridden to get the notifications.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <param name="m"></param>
        Protected Overrides Sub WndProc(ByRef m As Message)
            MyBase.WndProc(m)

            ' check if we got a hot key pressed.
            If m.Msg = WM_HOTKEY Then
                ' get the keys.
                Dim key As Keys = DirectCast((CInt(m.LParam) >> 16) And &HFFFF, Keys)
                Dim modifier As ModifierKeys = DirectCast(CUInt(CInt(m.LParam) And &HFFFF), ModifierKeys)

                ' invoke the event to notify the parent.
                RaiseEvent KeyPressed(Me, New KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key))
            End If
        End Sub

#Region " IDisposable Members"

        Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
            Me.DestroyHandle()
        End Sub

#End Region
    End Class

    Private _window As New Window()
    Private _currentId As Integer

    Public Sub New()
        ' register the event of the inner native window.
        AddHandler _window.KeyPressed, Sub(sender As Object, args As KeyPressedEventArgs)
                                           RaiseEvent KeyPressed(Me, args)
                                       End Sub
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Registers a hot key in the system.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
    ''' <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
    Public Sub RegisterHotKey(modifier As ModifierKeys, key As Keys)
        ' increment the counter.
        _currentId = _currentId + 1

        ' register the hot key.
        If Not RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, DirectCast(modifier, UInteger), CUInt(key)) Then
            'Throw New InvalidOperationException("Couldn’t register the hot key.")
            'or use MsgBox("Couldn’t register the hot key.")
        End If
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' A hot key has been pressed.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Event KeyPressed As EventHandler(Of KeyPressedEventArgs)

#Region " IDisposable Members"

    Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
        ' unregister all the registered hot keys.
        Dim i As Integer = _currentId
        While i > 0
            UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i)
            System.Math.Max(System.Threading.Interlocked.Decrement(i), i + 1)
        End While

        ' dispose the inner native window.
        _window.Dispose()
    End Sub

#End Region
End Class

''' <summary>
''' Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
''' </summary>
Public Class KeyPressedEventArgs
    Inherits EventArgs
    Private _modifier As ModifierKeys
    Private _key As Keys

    Friend Sub New(modifier As ModifierKeys, key As Keys)
        _modifier = modifier
        _key = key
    End Sub

    Public ReadOnly Property Modifier() As ModifierKeys
        Get
            Return _modifier
        End Get
    End Property

    Public ReadOnly Property Key() As Keys
        Get
            Return _key
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

''' <summary>
''' The enumeration of possible modifiers.
''' </summary>
<Flags> _
Public Enum ModifierKeys As UInteger
    Alt = 1
    Control = 2
    Shift = 4
    Win = 8
End Enum

Form1.vb

任务：

  1. 将以下2个实例替换Application1为您的应用程序名称（在Visual Studio解决方案资源管理器窗口中可以将其视为树的根）。
  2. 将调用添加到AddGlobalHotkeySupport()应用程序的初始化阶段。
  3. 将调用添加到RemoveGlobalHotkeySupport()应用程序的完成阶段。

码：

Public Sub AddGlobalHotkeySupport()  'TODO: call this at initialization of the application

    ' register the event that is fired after the key press.
    AddHandler hook.KeyPressed, AddressOf hook_KeyPressed

    ' register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
    hook.RegisterHotKey(Application1.ModifierKeys.Control Or Application1.ModifierKeys.Alt, Keys.F12)

End Sub

Public Sub RemoveGlobalHotkeySupport()  'TODO: call this at finalization of the application
    ' unregister all registered hot keys.
    hook.Dispose()
End Sub

Private Sub hook_KeyPressed(sender As Object, e As KeyPressedEventArgs)
    ' show the keys pressed in a label.
    MsgBox(e.Modifier.ToString() + " + " + e.Key.ToString())
End Sub
— miroxlav
source
类名不应该是Keyboardhook，因为这不是键盘钩。这是一个注册热键并侦听WM_HOTKEY消息的类。
— Michael Z.
@MichaelZ。–好收获。OTOH，这只是另一个答案的代码端口，因此也许您最好在此附加注释。
— miroxlav '17
0

我从AaronLS那里得到了答案，并将其重写为一个简单的单线注册。

注册：

GlobalHotKey.RegisterHotKey("Alt + Shift + S", () => DoSomething());

班级：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Input;

public class GlobalHotKey : IDisposable
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Registers a global hotkey
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="aKeyGesture">e.g. Alt + Shift + Control + Win + S</param>
    /// <param name="aAction">Action to be called when hotkey is pressed</param>
    /// <returns>true, if registration succeeded, otherwise false</returns>
    public static bool RegisterHotKey(string aKeyGestureString, Action aAction)
    {
        var c = new KeyGestureConverter();
        KeyGesture aKeyGesture = (KeyGesture)c.ConvertFrom(aKeyGestureString);
        return RegisterHotKey(aKeyGesture.Modifiers, aKeyGesture.Key, aAction);
    }

    public static bool RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys aModifier, Key aKey, Action aAction)
    {
        if(aModifier == ModifierKeys.None)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("Modifier must not be ModifierKeys.None");
        }
        if (aAction is null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(aAction));
        }

        System.Windows.Forms.Keys aVirtualKeyCode = (System.Windows.Forms.Keys)KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey(aKey);
        currentID = currentID + 1;
        bool aRegistered = RegisterHotKey(window.Handle, currentID,
                                    (uint)aModifier | MOD_NOREPEAT,
                                    (uint)aVirtualKeyCode);

        if(aRegistered)
        {
            registeredHotKeys.Add(new HotKeyWithAction(aModifier, aKey, aAction));
        }
        return aRegistered;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // unregister all the registered hot keys.
        for (int i = currentID; i > 0; i--)
        {
            UnregisterHotKey(window.Handle, i);
        }

        // dispose the inner native window.
        window.Dispose();
    }

    static GlobalHotKey()
    {
        window.KeyPressed += (s, e) =>
        {
            registeredHotKeys.ForEach(x =>
            {
                if (e.Modifier == x.Modifier && e.Key == x.Key)
                {
                    x.Action();
                }
            });
        };
    }

    private static readonly InvisibleWindowForMessages window = new InvisibleWindowForMessages();
    private static int currentID;
    private static uint MOD_NOREPEAT = 0x4000;
    private static List<HotKeyWithAction> registeredHotKeys = new List<HotKeyWithAction>();

    private class HotKeyWithAction
    {

        public HotKeyWithAction(ModifierKeys modifier, Key key, Action action)
        {
            Modifier = modifier;
            Key = key;
            Action = action;
        }

        public ModifierKeys Modifier { get; }
        public Key Key { get; }
        public Action Action { get; }
    }

    // Registers a hot key with Windows.
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
    // Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);

    private class InvisibleWindowForMessages : System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow, IDisposable
    {
        public InvisibleWindowForMessages()
        {
            CreateHandle(new System.Windows.Forms.CreateParams());
        }

        private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
        protected override void WndProc(ref System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
        {
            base.WndProc(ref m);

            if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
            {
                var aWPFKey = KeyInterop.KeyFromVirtualKey(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
                ModifierKeys modifier = (ModifierKeys)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);
                if (KeyPressed != null)
                {
                    KeyPressed(this, new HotKeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, aWPFKey));
                }
            }
        }

        public class HotKeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
        {
            private ModifierKeys _modifier;
            private Key _key;

            internal HotKeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Key key)
            {
                _modifier = modifier;
                _key = key;
            }

            public ModifierKeys Modifier
            {
                get { return _modifier; }
            }

            public Key Key
            {
                get { return _key; }
            }
        }


        public event EventHandler<HotKeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;

        #region IDisposable Members

        public void Dispose()
        {
            this.DestroyHandle();
        }

        #endregion
    }
}
— 鲁莫
source
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