Answers:
以下函数在JavaScript(源)中为日期添加月份。它考虑了年度结转和不同的月份长度:
function addMonths(date, months) {
var d = date.getDate();
date.setMonth(date.getMonth() + +months);
if (date.getDate() != d) {
date.setDate(0);
}
return date;
}
// Add 12 months to 29 Feb 2016 -> 28 Feb 2017
console.log(addMonths(new Date(2016,1,29),12).toString());
// Subtract 1 month from 1 Jan 2017 -> 1 Dec 2016
console.log(addMonths(new Date(2017,0,1),-1).toString());
// Subtract 2 months from 31 Jan 2017 -> 30 Nov 2016
console.log(addMonths(new Date(2017,0,31),-2).toString());
// Add 2 months to 31 Dec 2016 -> 28 Feb 2017
console.log(addMonths(new Date(2016,11,31),2).toString());
上面的解决方案涵盖了一个极端的情况,即从一个月移到比目标月份更长的天数。例如。
如果申请时某月的某天发生了变化setMonth
,那么我们知道由于月长的不同,我们已经溢出到下个月。在这种情况下,我们习惯于setDate(0)
移回上个月的最后一天。
注意:此答案的此版本替换了不能正常处理不同月份长度的较早版本(如下)。
var x = 12; //or whatever offset
var CurrentDate = new Date();
console.log("Current date:", CurrentDate);
CurrentDate.setMonth(CurrentDate.getMonth() + x);
console.log("Date after " + x + " months:", CurrentDate);
我正在使用moment.js库进行日期时间操作。添加一个月的示例代码:
var startDate = new Date(...);
var endDateMoment = moment(startDate); // moment(...) can also be used to parse dates in string format
endDateMoment.add(1, 'months');
此函数处理边缘情况并且速度很快:
function addMonthsUTC (date, count) {
if (date && count) {
var m, d = (date = new Date(+date)).getUTCDate()
date.setUTCMonth(date.getUTCMonth() + count, 1)
m = date.getUTCMonth()
date.setUTCDate(d)
if (date.getUTCMonth() !== m) date.setUTCDate(0)
}
return date
}
测试:
> d = new Date('2016-01-31T00:00:00Z');
Sat Jan 30 2016 18:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d = addMonthsUTC(d, 1);
Sun Feb 28 2016 18:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d = addMonthsUTC(d, 1);
Mon Mar 28 2016 18:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d.toISOString()
"2016-03-29T00:00:00.000Z"
非UTC日期的更新:(由A.Hatchkins提供)
function addMonths (date, count) {
if (date && count) {
var m, d = (date = new Date(+date)).getDate()
date.setMonth(date.getMonth() + count, 1)
m = date.getMonth()
date.setDate(d)
if (date.getMonth() !== m) date.setDate(0)
}
return date
}
测试:
> d = new Date(2016,0,31);
Sun Jan 31 2016 00:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d = addMonths(d, 1);
Mon Feb 29 2016 00:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d = addMonths(d, 1);
Tue Mar 29 2016 00:00:00 GMT-0600 (CST)
> d.toISOString()
"2016-03-29T06:00:00.000Z"
考虑到这些答案均不能解释当月变化时的当前年份,因此您可以在下面找到我要回答的答案:
方法:
Date.prototype.addMonths = function (m) {
var d = new Date(this);
var years = Math.floor(m / 12);
var months = m - (years * 12);
if (years) d.setFullYear(d.getFullYear() + years);
if (months) d.setMonth(d.getMonth() + months);
return d;
}
用法:
return new Date().addMonths(2);
取自@bmpsini和@Jazaret响应,但不扩展原型:使用普通函数(为什么扩展本机对象是一种不好的做法?):
function isLeapYear(year) {
return (((year % 4 === 0) && (year % 100 !== 0)) || (year % 400 === 0));
}
function getDaysInMonth(year, month) {
return [31, (isLeapYear(year) ? 29 : 28), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31][month];
}
function addMonths(date, value) {
var d = new Date(date),
n = date.getDate();
d.setDate(1);
d.setMonth(d.getMonth() + value);
d.setDate(Math.min(n, getDaysInMonth(d.getFullYear(), d.getMonth())));
return d;
}
用它:
var nextMonth = addMonths(new Date(), 1);
从上面的答案中,唯一一个处理极端情况的问题(datejs库中的bmpasini)存在一个问题:
var date = new Date("03/31/2015");
var newDate = date.addMonths(1);
console.log(newDate);
// VM223:4 Thu Apr 30 2015 00:00:00 GMT+0200 (CEST)
好的但是:
newDate.toISOString()
//"2015-04-29T22:00:00.000Z"
更差 :
var date = new Date("01/01/2015");
var newDate = date.addMonths(3);
console.log(newDate);
//VM208:4 Wed Apr 01 2015 00:00:00 GMT+0200 (CEST)
newDate.toISOString()
//"2015-03-31T22:00:00.000Z"
这是由于未设置时间,因此恢复为00:00:00,由于时区或节省时间的更改或其他原因,该时间可能会过渡到前一天。
这是我提出的解决方案,它没有这个问题,而且,我认为它更优雅,因为它不依赖于硬编码的值。
/**
* @param isoDate {string} in ISO 8601 format e.g. 2015-12-31
* @param numberMonths {number} e.g. 1, 2, 3...
* @returns {string} in ISO 8601 format e.g. 2015-12-31
*/
function addMonths (isoDate, numberMonths) {
var dateObject = new Date(isoDate),
day = dateObject.getDate(); // returns day of the month number
// avoid date calculation errors
dateObject.setHours(20);
// add months and set date to last day of the correct month
dateObject.setMonth(dateObject.getMonth() + numberMonths + 1, 0);
// set day number to min of either the original one or last day of month
dateObject.setDate(Math.min(day, dateObject.getDate()));
return dateObject.toISOString().split('T')[0];
};
单元测试成功:
function assertEqual(a,b) {
return a === b;
}
console.log(
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 1), '2015-02-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 2), '2015-03-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 3), '2015-04-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 4), '2015-05-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-15', 1), '2015-02-15'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-31', 1), '2015-02-28'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2016-01-31', 1), '2016-02-29'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 11), '2015-12-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 12), '2016-01-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-01-01', 24), '2017-01-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-02-28', 12), '2016-02-28'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2015-03-01', 12), '2016-03-01'),
assertEqual(addMonths('2016-02-29', 12), '2017-02-28')
);
正如大多数答案所强调的那样,我们可以将setMonth()方法与getMonth()方法一起使用,以将特定的月份数添加到给定的日期。
示例:(如@ChadD在他的回答中提到的。)
var x = 12; //or whatever offset var CurrentDate = new Date(); CurrentDate.setMonth(CurrentDate.getMonth() + x);
但是我们应该谨慎使用此解决方案,因为这样会遇到边缘情况。
要处理极端情况,以下链接中给出的答案会有所帮助。
https://stackoverflow.com/a/13633692/3668866
简单的解决方案:2678400000
以毫秒为单位的31天
var oneMonthFromNow = new Date((+new Date) + 2678400000);
更新:
使用此数据构建我们自己的功能:
2678400000
-31天2592000000
- 30天2505600000
-29天2419200000
-28天只是为了添加已接受的答案和评论。
var x = 12; //or whatever offset
var CurrentDate = new Date();
//For the very rare cases like the end of a month
//eg. May 30th - 3 months will give you March instead of February
var date = CurrentDate.getDate();
CurrentDate.setDate(1);
CurrentDate.setMonth(CurrentDate.getMonth()+X);
CurrentDate.setDate(date);
我写了这个替代解决方案,对我来说很好用。当您希望计算合同终止时,此功能很有用。例如,开始= 2016-01-15,月份= 6,结束= 2016-7-14(即最后一天-1):
<script>
function daysInMonth(year, month)
{
return new Date(year, month + 1, 0).getDate();
}
function addMonths(date, months)
{
var target_month = date.getMonth() + months;
var year = date.getFullYear() + parseInt(target_month / 12);
var month = target_month % 12;
var day = date.getDate();
var last_day = daysInMonth(year, month);
if (day > last_day)
{
day = last_day;
}
var new_date = new Date(year, month, day);
return new_date;
}
var endDate = addMonths(startDate, months);
</script>
例子:
addMonths(new Date("2016-01-01"), 1); // 2016-01-31
addMonths(new Date("2016-01-01"), 2); // 2016-02-29 (2016 is a leap year)
addMonths(new Date("2016-01-01"), 13); // 2017-01-31
addMonths(new Date("2016-01-01"), 14); // 2017-02-28
以下是如何通过表单字段基于日期输入(membershipssignup_date)+添加的月份(membershipsmonths)来计算将来日期的示例。
Membershipsmonths字段的默认值为0
触发链接(可以是附加在成员资格条款字段上的onchange事件):
<a href="#" onclick="calculateMshipExp()"; return false;">Calculate Expiry Date</a>
function calculateMshipExp() {
var calcval = null;
var start_date = document.getElementById("membershipssignup_date").value;
var term = document.getElementById("membershipsmonths").value; // Is text value
var set_start = start_date.split('/');
var day = set_start[0];
var month = (set_start[1] - 1); // January is 0 so August (8th month) is 7
var year = set_start[2];
var datetime = new Date(year, month, day);
var newmonth = (month + parseInt(term)); // Must convert term to integer
var newdate = datetime.setMonth(newmonth);
newdate = new Date(newdate);
//alert(newdate);
day = newdate.getDate();
month = newdate.getMonth() + 1;
year = newdate.getFullYear();
// This is British date format. See below for US.
calcval = (((day <= 9) ? "0" + day : day) + "/" + ((month <= 9) ? "0" + month : month) + "/" + year);
// mm/dd/yyyy
calcval = (((month <= 9) ? "0" + month : month) + "/" + ((day <= 9) ? "0" + day : day) + "/" + year);
// Displays the new date in a <span id="memexp">[Date]</span> // Note: Must contain a value to replace eg. [Date]
document.getElementById("memexp").firstChild.data = calcval;
// Stores the new date in a <input type="hidden" id="membershipsexpiry_date" value="" name="membershipsexpiry_date"> for submission to database table
document.getElementById("membershipsexpiry_date").value = calcval;
}
正如给出的许多复杂,丑陋的答案所表明的那样,日期和时间对于使用任何语言的程序员而言都是一场噩梦。我的方法是将日期和“ delta t”值转换为“纪元时间”(以毫秒为单位),执行任何算术,然后转换回“人工时间”。
// Given a number of days, return a Date object
// that many days in the future.
function getFutureDate( days ) {
// Convert 'days' to milliseconds
var millies = 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24 * days;
// Get the current date/time
var todaysDate = new Date();
// Get 'todaysDate' as Epoch Time, then add 'days' number of mSecs to it
var futureMillies = todaysDate.getTime() + millies;
// Use the Epoch time of the targeted future date to create
// a new Date object, and then return it.
return new Date( futureMillies );
}
// Use case: get a Date that's 60 days from now.
var twoMonthsOut = getFutureDate( 60 );
这是为稍有不同的用例编写的,但是您应该能够轻松地使其适应相关任务。
编辑:完整的源代码在这里!
所有这些似乎都太复杂了,我想它引起了关于确切地添加“一个月”的含义的争论。是30天吗?从第一天到第一天是什么意思?从最后一天到最后一天?
如果是后者,则将一个月添加到2月27日将使您到达3月27日,但是将一个月添加到2月28日将使您到达3月31日(leap年除外,否则将您带到3月28日)。然后从3月30日减去一个月就可以... 2月27日?谁知道...
对于那些寻求简单解决方案的人,只需增加毫秒数即可完成。
function getDatePlusDays(dt, days) {
return new Date(dt.getTime() + (days * 86400000));
}
要么
Date.prototype.addDays = function(days) {
this = new Date(this.getTime() + (days * 86400000));
};
d.setMonth(d.getMonth()+1)
呢?因此,这甚至不是最简单的想法。
addDateMonate : function( pDatum, pAnzahlMonate )
{
if ( pDatum === undefined )
{
return undefined;
}
if ( pAnzahlMonate === undefined )
{
return pDatum;
}
var vv = new Date();
var jahr = pDatum.getFullYear();
var monat = pDatum.getMonth() + 1;
var tag = pDatum.getDate();
var add_monate_total = Math.abs( Number( pAnzahlMonate ) );
var add_jahre = Number( Math.floor( add_monate_total / 12.0 ) );
var add_monate_rest = Number( add_monate_total - ( add_jahre * 12.0 ) );
if ( Number( pAnzahlMonate ) > 0 )
{
jahr += add_jahre;
monat += add_monate_rest;
if ( monat > 12 )
{
jahr += 1;
monat -= 12;
}
}
else if ( Number( pAnzahlMonate ) < 0 )
{
jahr -= add_jahre;
monat -= add_monate_rest;
if ( monat <= 0 )
{
jahr = jahr - 1;
monat = 12 + monat;
}
}
if ( ( Number( monat ) === 2 ) && ( Number( tag ) === 29 ) )
{
if ( ( ( Number( jahr ) % 400 ) === 0 ) || ( ( Number( jahr ) % 100 ) > 0 ) && ( ( Number( jahr ) % 4 ) === 0 ) )
{
tag = 29;
}
else
{
tag = 28;
}
}
return new Date( jahr, monat - 1, tag );
}
testAddMonate : function( pDatum , pAnzahlMonate )
{
var datum_js = fkDatum.getDateAusTTMMJJJJ( pDatum );
var ergebnis = fkDatum.addDateMonate( datum_js, pAnzahlMonate );
app.log( "addDateMonate( \"" + pDatum + "\", " + pAnzahlMonate + " ) = \"" + fkDatum.getStringAusDate( ergebnis ) + "\"" );
},
test1 : function()
{
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", 10 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", -10 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", 37 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", -37 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", 1234 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", -1234 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", 5620 );
app.testAddMonate( "15.06.2010", -5120 );
}
有时像BIRT参数一样由一个操作员创建有用的日期
我1个月前获得了:
new Date(new Date().setMonth(new Date().getMonth()-1));