如何在RecyclerView上正确突出显示所选项目？

我正在尝试使用a RecyclerView作为水平ListView。我试图弄清楚如何突出显示所选项目。当我单击其中一项时，将其选中并正确突出显示，但是当我单击另一项时，第二项将与较旧的一起突出显示。

这是我的onClick函数：

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {

    if(selectedListItem!=null){
        Log.d(TAG, "selectedListItem " + getPosition() + " " + item);
        selectedListItem.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
    }
    Log.d(TAG, "onClick " + getPosition() + " " + item);
    viewHolderListener.onIndexChanged(getPosition());
    selectedPosition = getPosition();
    view.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN); 
    selectedListItem = view;
}

这是onBindViewHolder：

@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder viewHolder, int position) {   
    viewHolder.setItem(fruitsData[position]);
    if(selectedPosition == position)
        viewHolder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);    
    else
        viewHolder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);

}

我编写了一个基本适配器类，以使用RecyclerView自动处理项目选择。只需从它派生适配器，并使用带有state_selected的可绘制状态列表，就像使用列表视图一样。

我在这里有一篇博客文章，但这是代码：

public abstract class TrackSelectionAdapter<VH extends TrackSelectionAdapter.ViewHolder> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<VH> {
    // Start with first item selected
    private int focusedItem = 0;

    @Override
    public void onAttachedToRecyclerView(final RecyclerView recyclerView) {
        super.onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView);

        // Handle key up and key down and attempt to move selection
        recyclerView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
                RecyclerView.LayoutManager lm = recyclerView.getLayoutManager();

                // Return false if scrolled to the bounds and allow focus to move off the list
                if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                    if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN) {
                        return tryMoveSelection(lm, 1);
                    } else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP) {
                        return tryMoveSelection(lm, -1);
                    }
                }

                return false;
            }
        });
    }

    private boolean tryMoveSelection(RecyclerView.LayoutManager lm, int direction) {
        int tryFocusItem = focusedItem + direction;

        // If still within valid bounds, move the selection, notify to redraw, and scroll
        if (tryFocusItem >= 0 && tryFocusItem < getItemCount()) {
            notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
            focusedItem = tryFocusItem;
            notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
            lm.scrollToPosition(focusedItem);
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(VH viewHolder, int i) {
        // Set selected state; use a state list drawable to style the view
        viewHolder.itemView.setSelected(focusedItem == i);
    }

    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            // Handle item click and set the selection
            itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    // Redraw the old selection and the new
                    notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
                    focusedItem = getLayoutPosition();
                    notifyItemChanged(focusedItem);
                }
            });
        }
    }
} 

这是非常简单的方法。

private int selectedPos = RecyclerView.NO_POSITION;在RecyclerView Adapter类中有一个，然后在onBindViewHolder方法下尝试：

@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder viewHolder, int position) {   
    viewHolder.itemView.setSelected(selectedPos == position);

}

并在您的OnClick事件中进行修改：

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
     notifyItemChanged(selectedPos);
     selectedPos = getLayoutPosition();
     notifyItemChanged(selectedPos); 
}

就像导航抽屉和其他RecyclerView项目适配器的护身符一样工作。

注意：请确保使用诸如colabug之类的选择器在布局中使用背景色：

<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
  <item android:drawable="@color/pressed_color" android:state_pressed="true"/>
  <item android:drawable="@color/selected_color" android:state_selected="true"/>
  <item android:drawable="@color/focused_color" android:state_focused="true"/>
</selector>

否则setSelected（..）将不起作用，从而使该解决方案无用。

更新[2017年7月26日]：

正如Pawan在有关该IDE警告不要使用该固定位置的警告中提到的那样，我刚刚如下修改了我的代码。点击侦听器移至ViewHolder，然后使用getAdapterPosition()方法获取位置

int selected_position = 0; // You have to set this globally in the Adapter class

@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
    Item item = items.get(position);

    // Here I am just highlighting the background
    holder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(selected_position == position ? Color.GREEN : Color.TRANSPARENT);
}

public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener {

    public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        itemView.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        // Below line is just like a safety check, because sometimes holder could be null,
        // in that case, getAdapterPosition() will return RecyclerView.NO_POSITION
        if (getAdapterPosition() == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION) return;

        // Updating old as well as new positions
        notifyItemChanged(selected_position);
        selected_position = getAdapterPosition();
        notifyItemChanged(selected_position);

        // Do your another stuff for your onClick
    }
}

希望这会有所帮助。

如果将内容滚动到视图之外然后又移回视图，则实现可能会起作用。当我问到您的问题时，我遇到了类似的问题。

以下文件片段对我有用。我的实现是针对多重选择的，但是我在那儿强加了一个强制单一选择的技巧。（* 1）

// an array of selected items (Integer indices) 
private final ArrayList<Integer> selected = new ArrayList<>();

// items coming into view
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder holder, final int position) {
    // each time an item comes into view, its position is checked
    // against "selected" indices
    if (!selected.contains(position)){
        // view not selected
        holder.parent.setBackgroundColor(Color.LTGRAY);
    }
    else
        // view is selected
        holder.parent.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);
}

// selecting items
@Override
public boolean onLongClick(View v) {

        // set color immediately.
        v.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);

        // (*1)
        // forcing single selection here
        if (selected.isEmpty()){
            selected.add(position);
        }else {
            int oldSelected = selected.get(0);
            selected.clear();
            selected.add(position);
            // we do not notify that an item has been selected
            // because that work is done here.  we instead send
            // notifications for items to be deselected
            notifyItemChanged(oldSelected);
        }
        return false;
}

正如指出的在这个链接的问题，为viewHolders设置听众应该onCreateViewHolder完成。我以前忘记提及这一点。

我想，我找到了关于如何将RecyclerView与我们需要的所有基本功能一起使用的最佳指南（单点+多重选择，突出显示，波纹，单击并在多重选择中删除等等）。

这是-> http://enoent.fr/blog/2015/01/18/recyclerview-basics/

基于此，我能够创建一个库“ FlexibleAdapter”，该库扩展了SelectableAdapter。我认为这必须是Adapter的责任，实际上您不需要每次都重写Adapter的基本功能，而要让一个库来做，所以您可以重用相同的实现。

这个适配器非常快，开箱即用（您不需要扩展它）；您可以为所需的每种视图类型自定义项目；ViewHolder是预定义的：常见事件已实现：单击和长按；它在旋转后仍保持状态，甚至更多。

请随意在您的项目中实施它。

https://github.com/davideas/FlexibleAdapter

Wiki也可用。

看我的解决方案。我想您应该在支架中设置选定的位置，并将其作为“视图标签”传递。该视图应在onCreateViewHolder（...）方法中设置。还有正确的位置来设置侦听器以进行查看，例如OnClickListener或LongClickListener。

请查看下面的示例，并阅读代码注释。

public class MyListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyListAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    //Here is current selection position
    private int mSelectedPosition = 0;
    private OnMyListItemClick mOnMainMenuClickListener = OnMyListItemClick.NULL;

    ...

    // constructor, method which allow to set list yourObjectList

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        //here you prepare your view 
        // inflate it
        // set listener for it
        final ViewHolder result = new ViewHolder(view);
        final View view =  LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.your_view_layout, parent, false);
        view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //here you set your current position from holder of clicked view
                mSelectedPosition = result.getAdapterPosition();

                //here you pass object from your list - item value which you clicked
                mOnMainMenuClickListener.onMyListItemClick(yourObjectList.get(mSelectedPosition));

                //here you inform view that something was change - view will be invalidated
                notifyDataSetChanged();
            }
        });
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        final YourObject yourObject = yourObjectList.get(position);

        holder.bind(yourObject);
        if(mSelectedPosition == position)
            holder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);
        else
            holder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
    }

    // you can create your own listener which you set for adapter
    public void setOnMainMenuClickListener(OnMyListItemClick onMyListItemClick) {
        mOnMainMenuClickListener = onMyListItemClick == null ? OnMyListItemClick.NULL : onMyListItemClick;
    }

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {


        ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
        }

        private void bind(YourObject object){
            //bind view with yourObject
        }
    }

    public interface OnMyListItemClick {
        OnMyListItemClick NULL = new OnMyListItemClick() {
            @Override
            public void onMyListItemClick(YourObject item) {

            }
        };

        void onMyListItemClick(YourObject item);
    }
}

RecyclerView中没有选择器，例如ListView和GridView，但是您尝试使用以下对我有用的东西

创建一个如下所示的选择器可绘制

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> 
<item android:state_pressed="true">
   <shape>
         <solid android:color="@color/blue" />
   </shape>
</item>

<item android:state_pressed="false">
    <shape>
       <solid android:color="@android:color/transparent" />
    </shape>
</item>
</selector>

然后将此可绘制对象设置为RecyclerView行布局的背景为

android:background="@drawable/selector"

通过接口和回调进行决策。创建具有选择和取消选择状态的接口：

public interface ItemTouchHelperViewHolder {
    /**
     * Called when the {@link ItemTouchHelper} first registers an item as being moved or swiped.
     * Implementations should update the item view to indicate it's active state.
     */
    void onItemSelected();


    /**
     * Called when the {@link ItemTouchHelper} has completed the move or swipe, and the active item
     * state should be cleared.
     */
    void onItemClear();
}

在ViewHolder中实现接口：

   public static class ItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements
            ItemTouchHelperViewHolder {

        public LinearLayout container;
        public PositionCardView content;

        public ItemViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            container = (LinearLayout) itemView;
            content = (PositionCardView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.content);

        }

               @Override
    public void onItemSelected() {
        /**
         * Here change of item
         */
        container.setBackgroundColor(Color.LTGRAY);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClear() {
        /**
         * Here change of item
         */
        container.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);
    }
}

回调上的运行状态更改：

public class ItemTouchHelperCallback extends ItemTouchHelper.Callback {

    private final ItemTouchHelperAdapter mAdapter;

    public ItemTouchHelperCallback(ItemTouchHelperAdapter adapter) {
        this.mAdapter = adapter;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isLongPressDragEnabled() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isItemViewSwipeEnabled() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int getMovementFlags(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder) {
        int dragFlags = ItemTouchHelper.UP | ItemTouchHelper.DOWN;
        int swipeFlags = ItemTouchHelper.END;
        return makeMovementFlags(dragFlags, swipeFlags);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onMove(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, RecyclerView.ViewHolder target) {
        ...
    }

    @Override
    public void onSwiped(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int direction) {
        ...
    }

    @Override
    public void onSelectedChanged(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int actionState) {
        if (actionState != ItemTouchHelper.ACTION_STATE_IDLE) {
            if (viewHolder instanceof ItemTouchHelperViewHolder) {
                ItemTouchHelperViewHolder itemViewHolder =
                        (ItemTouchHelperViewHolder) viewHolder;
                itemViewHolder.onItemSelected();
            }
        }
        super.onSelectedChanged(viewHolder, actionState);
    }

    @Override
    public void clearView(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder) {
        super.clearView(recyclerView, viewHolder);
        if (viewHolder instanceof ItemTouchHelperViewHolder) {
            ItemTouchHelperViewHolder itemViewHolder =
                    (ItemTouchHelperViewHolder) viewHolder;
            itemViewHolder.onItemClear();
        }
    }   
}

使用回调创建RecyclerView（示例）：

mAdapter = new BuyItemsRecyclerListAdapter(MainActivity.this, positionsList, new ArrayList<BuyItem>());
positionsList.setAdapter(mAdapter);
positionsList.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
ItemTouchHelper.Callback callback = new ItemTouchHelperCallback(mAdapter);
mItemTouchHelper = new ItemTouchHelper(callback);
mItemTouchHelper.attachToRecyclerView(positionsList);

在iPaulPro的文章中查看更多信息：https ://medium.com/@ipaulpro/drag-and-swipe-with-recyclerview-6a6f0c422efd#.6gh29uaaz

这是我的解决方案，您可以设置一个项目（或一个组），然后再次单击以取消选择它：

 private final ArrayList<Integer> seleccionados = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, final int i) {
        viewHolder.san.setText(android_versions.get(i).getAndroid_version_name());
        if (!seleccionados.contains(i)){ 
            viewHolder.inside.setCardBackgroundColor(Color.LTGRAY);
        }
        else {
            viewHolder.inside.setCardBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE);
        }
        viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (seleccionados.contains(i)){
                    seleccionados.remove(seleccionados.indexOf(i)); 
                    viewHolder.inside.setCardBackgroundColor(Color.LTGRAY);
                } else { 
                    seleccionados.add(i);
                    viewHolder.inside.setCardBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE);
                }
            }
        });
    }

我有同样的问题，我可以通过以下方法解决：

用于在createViewholder内部创建行的xml文件，只需添加以下行：

 android:clickable="true"
 android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
 android:background="?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless"

或如果您使用frameLayout作为行项目的父项，则：

android:clickable="true"
android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
android:foreground="?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless"

在您在点击侦听器中添加的视图持有人内部的Java代码中：

@Override
   public void onClick(View v) {

    //ur other code here
    v.setPressed(true);
 }

我在网上找不到解决此问题的好方法，并自己解决了。有很多人遭受这个问题。因此，我想在这里分享我的解决方案。

滚动时，行被回收。因此，选中的复选框和突出显示的行无法正常工作。我通过编写以下适配器类解决了此问题。

我还实施了一个完整的项目。在此项目中，您可以选择多个复选框。包含选定复选框的行将突出显示。更重要的是，这些在滚动时不会丢失。您可以从链接下载它：

https://www.dropbox.com/s/ssm58w62gw32i29/recyclerView_checkbox_highlight.zip?dl=0

    public class RV_Adapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RV_Adapter.ViewHolder> {
        public ArrayList<String> list;
        boolean[] checkBoxState;
        MainActivity mainActivity;
        MyFragment myFragment;
        View firstview;

        private Context context;

        FrameLayout framelayout;

        public RV_Adapter() {

      }

        public RV_Adapter(Context context, MyFragment m, ArrayList<String> list ) {
          this.list = list;
          myFragment = m;
          this.context = context;
          mainActivity = (MainActivity) context;
          checkBoxState = new boolean[list.size()];
          // relativeLayoutState = new boolean[list.size()];
        }

        public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder  {
            public TextView textView;
            public CheckBox checkBox;
            RelativeLayout relativeLayout;
            MainActivity mainActivity;
            MyFragment myFragment;
            public ViewHolder(View v,MainActivity mainActivity,MyFragment m) {
                super(v);
                textView = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.tv_foodname);
                /**/
                checkBox= (CheckBox) v.findViewById(R.id.checkBox);
                relativeLayout = (RelativeLayout)v.findViewById(R.id.relativelayout);
                this.mainActivity = mainActivity;
                this.myFragment = m;
                framelayout = (FrameLayout) v.findViewById(R.id.framelayout);
                framelayout.setOnLongClickListener(m);
            }

        }

        @Override
        public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
            LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext());
            firstview = inflater.inflate(R.layout.row, parent, false);
            return new ViewHolder(firstview,mainActivity, myFragment);
        }

        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder( final ViewHolder holder,  final int position) {

            holder.textView.setText(list.get(position));

            holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
              @Override
              public void onClick(View v) {

              }
            });

            // When action mode is active, checkboxes are displayed on each row, handle views(move icons) on each row are disappered.
            if(!myFragment.is_in_action_mode)
            {

              holder.checkBox.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            }
            else
            {
              holder.checkBox.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
              holder.checkBox.setChecked(false);
            }

              holder.checkBox.setTag(position);

              holder.checkBox.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener(){
                @Override
                public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton compoundButton, boolean b) {
                  if(compoundButton.isPressed()) // ekrandan kaybolan checkbox'lar otomatik olarak state degistiriyordu ve bu listener method cagiriliyordu, bunu onlemek icin isPressed() method'u ile kullanici mi basmis diye kontrol ediyorum.
                  {
                    int getPosition = (Integer) compoundButton.getTag();  // Here we get the position that we have set for the checkbox using setTag.
                    checkBoxState[getPosition] = compoundButton.isChecked(); // Set the value of checkbox to maintain its state.
                    //relativeLayoutState[getPosition] = compoundButton.isChecked();

                  if(checkBoxState[getPosition] && getPosition == position )
                    holder.relativeLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.color.food_selected); /** Change background color of the selected items in list view  **/
                  else
                    holder.relativeLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.color.food_unselected); /** Change background color of the selected items in list view  **/
                    myFragment.prepareselection(compoundButton, getPosition, holder.relativeLayout);

                  }
                }
              });
              holder.checkBox.setChecked(checkBoxState[position]);

              if(checkBoxState[position]  )
                holder.relativeLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.color.food_selected); /** Change background color of the selected items in list view  **/
              else
                holder.relativeLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.color.food_unselected);
        }



        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return list.size();
        }

        public void updateList(ArrayList<String> newList){
          this.list = newList;
          checkBoxState = new boolean[list.size()+1];
        }

      public void resetCheckBoxState(){
        checkBoxState = null;
        checkBoxState = new boolean[list.size()];
      }

    }

该应用程序的屏幕截图：

设置private int selected_position = -1;为防止启动时选择任何项目。

 @Override
 public void onBindViewHolder(final OrdersHolder holder, final int position) {
    final Order order = orders.get(position);
    holder.bind(order);
    if(selected_position == position){
        //changes background color of selected item in RecyclerView
        holder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
    } else {
        holder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
        //this updated an order property by status in DB
        order.setProductStatus("0");
    }
    holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            //status switch and DB update
            if (order.getProductStatus().equals("0")) {
                order.setProductStatus("1");
                notifyItemChanged(selected_position);
                selected_position = position;
                notifyItemChanged(selected_position);
             } else {
                if (order.getProductStatus().equals("1")){
                    //calls for interface implementation in
                    //MainActivity which opens a new fragment with 
                    //selected item details 
                    listener.onOrderSelected(order);
                }
             }
         }
     });
}

只需添加 android:background="?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless"如果您没有背景色，则，但不要忘记使用setSelected方法。如果您有不同的背景色，我就用了（我正在使用数据绑定）。

在onClick函数上设置isSelected

b.setIsSelected(true);

并将其添加到xml;

android:background="@{ isSelected ? @color/{color selected} : @color/{color not selected} }"

选择器：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="@color/Green_10" android:state_activated="true" />
    <item android:drawable="@color/Transparent" />
</selector>

在您的列表项布局中将其设置为背景

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:background="@drawable/selector_attentions_list_item"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="64dp">

在您的适配器中，将OnClickListener添加到视图中（onBind方法）

 @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
    inner class ViewHolder(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {

        fun bindItems(item: T) {
            initItemView(itemView, item)
            itemView.tag = item
            if (isClickable) {
                itemView.setOnClickListener(onClickListener)
            }
        }
    }

在onClick事件中，激活视图：

 fun onItemClicked(view: View){
        view.isActivated = true
    }