如何使用一个SQL查询从数据库中删除所有表？

我不想键入所有表的名称以删除所有表。一个查询可以吗？

使用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES视图获取表列表。在select语句中生成Drop脚本，并使用Dynamic SQL将其删除：

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(max)=''

SELECT @sql += ' Drop table ' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'+ QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) + '; '
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE  TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'

Exec Sp_executesql @sql

系统表版本

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(max)=''

SELECT @sql += ' Drop table ' + QUOTENAME(s.NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(t.NAME) + '; '
FROM   sys.tables t
       JOIN sys.schemas s
         ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
WHERE  t.type = 'U'

Exec sp_executesql @sql

注意：如果foreign Keys在表之间定义了任何定义，则首先运行以下查询以禁用foreign keys数据库中所有存在的内容。

EXEC sp_msforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"

有关更多信息，请在此处检查。

如果只想使用一个SQL查询来删除所有表，则可以使用以下命令：

EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1 = "DROP TABLE ?"

这是sql server中的隐藏存储过程，将对您连接的数据库中的每个表执行该操作。

注意：由于依赖关系，您可能需要执行几次查询才能删除所有表。

注意2：为避免产生第一条注释，请在运行查询之前首先检查是否有与任何表的外键关系。如果存在，则通过运行以下查询来禁用外键约束：

EXEC sp_msforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"

如果您不想键入，则可以使用以下命令创建语句：

USE Databasename

SELECT  'DROP TABLE [' + name + '];'
FROM    sys.tables

然后复制并粘贴到新的SSMS窗口中以运行它。

您还可以使用以下脚本删除所有内容，包括以下内容：

• 非系统存储过程
• 意见
• 功能
• 外键约束
• 主键约束
• 桌子

https://michaelreichenbach.de/how-to-drop-everything-in-a-mssql-database/

/* Drop all non-system stored procs */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])

WHILE @name is not null
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
    EXEC (@SQL)
    PRINT 'Dropped Procedure: ' + @name
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
GO

/* Drop all views */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP VIEW [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
    EXEC (@SQL)
    PRINT 'Dropped View: ' + @name
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
GO

/* Drop all functions */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
    EXEC (@SQL)
    PRINT 'Dropped Function: ' + @name
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
GO

/* Drop all Foreign Key constraints */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

WHILE @name is not null
BEGIN
    SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
    WHILE @constraint IS NOT NULL
    BEGIN
        SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint) +']'
        EXEC (@SQL)
        PRINT 'Dropped FK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
    END
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END
GO

/* Drop all Primary Key constraints */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
    WHILE @constraint is not null
    BEGIN
        SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint)+']'
        EXEC (@SQL)
        PRINT 'Dropped PK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME)
    END
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END
GO

/* Drop all tables */
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TABLE [dbo].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']'
    EXEC (@SQL)
    PRINT 'Dropped Table: ' + @name
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
END
GO

我只需要对@NoDisplayName的答案进行一些小的更改，并QUOTENAME()在该TABLE_NAME列上使用它，并包括该TABLE_SCHEMA列以防止表不在dbo模式中。

DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max) = '';

SELECT @sql += 'DROP TABLE ' + QUOTENAME([TABLE_SCHEMA]) + '.' + QUOTENAME([TABLE_NAME]) + ';'
FROM [INFORMATION_SCHEMA].[TABLES]
WHERE [TABLE_TYPE] = 'BASE TABLE';

EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @sql;

或使用sys架构视图（根据@swasheck的评论）：

DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max) = '';

SELECT @sql += 'DROP TABLE ' + QUOTENAME([S].[name]) + '.' + QUOTENAME([T].[name]) + ';'
FROM [sys].[tables] AS [T]
INNER JOIN [sys].[schemas] AS [S] ON ([T].[schema_id] = [S].[schema_id])
WHERE [T].[type] = 'U' AND [T].[is_ms_shipped] = 0;

EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @sql;

作为Dave.Gugg回答的后续，这将是某些人需要获取MySQL中所有DROP TABLE行的代码：

SELECT CONCAT('DROP TABLE ', TABLE_NAME, ';')
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'your_database_name'

最简单的方法是删除整个数据库，然后再次创建它：

drop database db_name
create database db_name

就这样。

如果有人对最佳答案的解决方案有任何疑问（包括禁用外键），这是我的另一种解决方案：

-- CLEAN DB
USE [DB_NAME]
    EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
    EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?'

    DECLARE @Sql NVARCHAR(500) DECLARE @Cursor CURSOR
    SET @Cursor = CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR

    SELECT DISTINCT sql = 'ALTER TABLE [' + tc2.TABLE_NAME + '] DROP [' + rc1.CONSTRAINT_NAME + ']'
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc1
    LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS tc2 ON tc2.CONSTRAINT_NAME =rc1.CONSTRAINT_NAME
    OPEN @Cursor FETCH NEXT FROM @Cursor INTO @Sql
    WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
      BEGIN
        Exec SP_EXECUTESQL @Sql
        FETCH NEXT 
        FROM @Cursor INTO @Sql
      END
    CLOSE @Cursor DEALLOCATE @Cursor
    GO

    EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DROP TABLE ?'
    GO

    EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'

不完全是1个查询，仍然非常简短和甜美：

-- Disable all referential integrity constraints
EXEC sp_msforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
GO

-- Drop all PKs and FKs
declare @sql nvarchar(max)
SELECT @sql = STUFF((SELECT '; ' + 'ALTER TABLE ' + Table_Name  +'  drop constraint ' + Constraint_Name  from Information_Schema.CONSTRAINT_TABLE_USAGE ORDER BY Constraint_Name FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'')
EXECUTE (@sql)
GO

-- Drop all tables
EXEC sp_msforeachtable 'DROP TABLE ?'
GO

使用下面的脚本drop都constraints：

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(max)=''

SELECT @sql += ' ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'+ QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) +    ' NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all; '
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE  TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'

Exec Sp_executesql @sql

然后运行以下命令删除所有表：

select @sql='';

SELECT @sql += ' Drop table ' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'+ QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) + '; '
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE  TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'

Exec Sp_executesql @sql

这在'sp_msforeachtable'没有可用的Azure SQL数据库中为我工作！

我知道这个问题很老，但是每当我需要此代码时..如果您有表和视图以及函数和过程，则可以通过此脚本将其全部删除..那么为什么我要发布此脚本？因为如果您删除所有表，您将需要删除所有视图，并且如果您具有功能和过程，您也需要删除它，
我希望它将对某人有所帮助

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(max)=''

 SELECT @sql += ' Drop table ' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'+ QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) 
+ '; '
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE  TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'

Exec Sp_executesql @sql


 DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(MAX) = ''
    , @crlf VARCHAR(2) = CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) ;

 SELECT @sql = @sql + 'DROP VIEW ' + QUOTENAME(SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id)) + '.' + 
 QUOTENAME(v.name) +';' + @crlf
 FROM   sys.views v

 PRINT @sql;
 EXEC(@sql);

 declare @procName varchar(500)
 declare cur cursor 

 for select [name] from sys.objects where type = 'p'
 open cur
 fetch next from cur into @procName
 while @@fetch_status = 0
 begin
  exec('drop procedure [' + @procName + ']')
fetch next from cur into @procName
 end
  close cur
  deallocate cur

  Declare @sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'';

    SELECT @sql = @sql + N' DROP FUNCTION ' 
               + QUOTENAME(SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id)) 
               + N'.' + QUOTENAME(name)
    FROM sys.objects
  WHERE type_desc LIKE '%FUNCTION%';

   Exec sp_executesql @sql
  GO