Answers:
byte[] bytes = {-1, 0, 1, 2, 3 };
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : bytes) {
sb.append(String.format("%02X ", b));
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
// prints "FF 00 01 02 03 "
java.util.Formatter
句法
%[flags][width]conversion
'0'
-结果将补零2
'X'
-结果格式为十六进制整数,大写查看问题的文本,这也可能是所要求的:
String[] arr = {"-1", "0", "10", "20" };
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = String.format("%02x", Byte.parseByte(arr[i]));
}
System.out.println(java.util.Arrays.toString(arr));
// prints "[ff, 00, 0a, 14]"
这里使用几个答案Integer.toHexString(int)
;这是可行的,但有一些警告。由于参数是an int
,因此对参数执行了扩展的原始转换byte
,这涉及符号扩展。
byte b = -1;
System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b));
// prints "ffffffff"
byte
用Java签名的8位符号扩展为32位int
。为了有效地撤销此符号扩展,可以掩盖byte
用0xFF
。
byte b = -1;
System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));
// prints "ff"
使用的另一个问题toHexString
是它不填充零:
byte b = 10;
System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));
// prints "a"
两种因素的结合应使 String.format
解决方案将更可取。
byte
,从-128
到127
,包括toHexString
。您必须使用掩盖它& 0xFF
,即Integer.toHexString(-46 & 0xFF)
is "d2"
。
byte
值& 0xFF
。在format
上述方案可能还需要取决于你实际上使用作为参数屏蔽。
我之所以发表这样的帖子,是因为现有的答案都无法解释为什么他们的方法有效,我认为这对于解决这个问题确实很重要。在某些情况下,这会使所提出的解决方案显得不必要地复杂而微妙。为了说明这一点,我将提供一种相当简单的方法,但是我将提供更多细节以帮助说明为什么它的工作原理。
首先,我们要做什么?我们想将一个字节值(或字节数组)转换为一个表示ASCII十六进制值的字符串。因此,第一步是确切地找出Java中的字节是什么:
字节数据类型是8位带符号的二进制补码整数。最小值为-128,最大值为127(含)。字节数据类型对于在大数组中节省内存非常有用,因为内存的节省实际上很重要。它们也可以用来代替int,因为它们的限制有助于阐明您的代码;变量范围有限的事实可以作为文档的一种形式。
这是什么意思?一些事情:首先也是最重要的是,这意味着我们正在与 8位。因此,例如,我们可以将数字2写为00000010。但是,由于它是二进制补码,因此我们可以这样写一个负数2:11111110。这也意味着转换为十六进制非常简单。也就是说,您只需将每个4位段直接转换为十六进制。请注意,要在此方案中理解负数,您首先需要了解二进制补码。如果您还不了解二进制补码,可以在这里阅读出色的解释:http : //www.cs.cornell.edu/~tomf/notes/cps104/twoscomp.html
一旦数字为二进制补码,就很难将其转换为十六进制。通常,从二进制转换为十六进制非常简单,如您在下面的两个示例中所见,可以直接从二进制补码转换为十六进制。
范例1:将2转换为十六进制。
1)首先将2转换为二进制补码形式的二进制数:
2 (base 10) = 0000 0010 (base 2)
2)现在将二进制转换为十六进制:
0000 = 0x0 in hex
0010 = 0x2 in hex
therefore 2 = 0000 0010 = 0x02.
范例2:将-2(以二进制补码)转换为十六进制。
1)首先将-2转换为二进制补码形式的二进制数:
-2 (base 10) = 0000 0010 (direct conversion to binary)
1111 1101 (invert bits)
1111 1110 (add 1)
therefore: -2 = 1111 1110 (in two's complement)
2)现在转换为十六进制:
1111 = 0xF in hex
1110 = 0xE in hex
therefore: -2 = 1111 1110 = 0xFE.
现在我们已经涵盖了概念,您将发现我们可以通过一些简单的遮罩和移动来实现我们想要的。要了解的关键是,您要转换的字节已经是二进制补码。您自己不要进行此转换。我认为这是这个问题上的一个主要困惑点。以以下字节数组为例:
byte[] bytes = new byte[]{-2,2};
上面我们只是将它们手动转换为十六进制,但是如何用Java做到呢?这是如何做:
步骤1:创建一个StringBuffer来保存我们的计算。
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
第2步:隔离高阶位,将其转换为十六进制,然后将其附加到缓冲区
给定二进制数1111 1110,我们可以通过以下方式隔离高阶位:首先将它们移位4,然后将其余数字清零。从逻辑上讲这很简单,但是,由于符号扩展,Java(和许多语言)的实现细节引起了争议。本质上,当您移位字节值时,Java首先将您的值转换为整数,然后执行符号扩展。因此,尽管您希望1111 1110 >> 4为0000 1111,但实际上在Java中,它表示为二进制补码0xFFFFFFFF!
所以回到我们的例子:
1111 1110 >> 4 (shift right 4) = 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 (32 bit sign-extended number in two's complement)
然后,我们可以使用掩码隔离位:
1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 & 0xF = 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111
therefore: 1111 = 0xF in hex.
在Java中,我们可以一次性完成所有操作:
Character.forDigit((bytes[0] >> 4) & 0xF, 16);
forDigit函数只是将您传递的数字映射到十六进制数字集0-F上。
步骤3:接下来,我们需要隔离低阶位。由于我们想要的位已经在正确的位置,因此我们可以将它们屏蔽掉:
1111 1110 & 0xF = 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1110 (recall sign extension from before)
therefore: 1110 = 0xE in hex.
像以前一样,在Java中,我们可以一次完成所有操作:
Character.forDigit((bytes[0] & 0xF), 16);
将所有这些放在一起,我们可以将其作为for循环并转换整个数组:
for(int i=0; i < bytes.length; i++){
buffer.append(Character.forDigit((bytes[i] >> 4) & 0xF, 16));
buffer.append(Character.forDigit((bytes[i] & 0xF), 16));
}
希望这种解释使您更清楚地想知道在Internet上找到的许多示例中发生了什么。希望我没有犯任何严重的错误,但是非常欢迎提出建议和更正!
Character.digit()
,例如(byte) ((Character.digit(str.charAt(0), 16) << 4) + Character.digit(str.charAt(1), 16))
在最快的我还没有发现这样做的方式如下:
private static final String HEXES = "0123456789ABCDEF";
static String getHex(byte[] raw) {
final StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(2 * raw.length);
for (final byte b : raw) {
hex.append(HEXES.charAt((b & 0xF0) >> 4)).append(HEXES.charAt((b & 0x0F)));
}
return hex.toString();
}
比快约50倍String.format
。如果要测试:
public class MyTest{
private static final String HEXES = "0123456789ABCDEF";
@Test
public void test_get_hex() {
byte[] raw = {
(byte) 0xd0, (byte) 0x0b, (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x2a, (byte) 0x63,
(byte) 0x78, (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x2e, (byte) 0xe3, (byte) 0x6c,
(byte) 0xd2, (byte) 0xb0, (byte) 0x78, (byte) 0x51, (byte) 0x73,
(byte) 0x34, (byte) 0xaf, (byte) 0xbb, (byte) 0xa0, (byte) 0x9f,
(byte) 0xc3, (byte) 0xa9, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x1e, (byte) 0xd5,
(byte) 0x4b, (byte) 0x89, (byte) 0xa3, (byte) 0x45, (byte) 0x35,
(byte) 0xd6, (byte) 0x10,
};
int N = 77777;
long t;
{
t = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
final StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(2 * raw.length);
for (final byte b : raw) {
hex.append(HEXES.charAt((b & 0xF0) >> 4)).append(HEXES.charAt((b & 0x0F)));
}
hex.toString();
}
System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - t); // 50
}
{
t = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(2 * raw.length);
for (byte b : raw) {
hex.append(String.format("%02X", b));
}
hex.toString();
}
System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - t); // 2535
}
}
}
编辑:刚发现的东西速度更快,并且只停留在一条线上,但与JRE 9 不兼容。使用后果自负
import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;
DatatypeConverter.printHexBinary(raw);
printHexBinary
从jdk的src.zip中提取源代码方法 ,这似乎比第一种方法快1倍。
尝试这种方式:
byte bv = 10;
String hexString = Integer.toHexString(bv);
处理数组(如果我对您的理解正确):
byte[] bytes = {9, 10, 11, 15, 16};
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
for (byte b : bytes) {
result.append(String.format("%02X ", b));
result.append(" "); // delimiter
}
return result.toString();
正如多基因润滑剂所提到的,String.format()
与之相对的答案是正确的Integer.toHexString()
(因为它以正确的方式处理负数)。
-1
。
bv
它返回一个十六进制字符。而其余的代码返回一个十六进制字符串。我已经用分隔符更改了代码,所以您现在可以理解它。
Integer.toHexString
如果将byte
with 屏蔽掉0xFF
以撤消符号扩展名,仍可以使用。
new BigInteger(byteArray).toString(16)
那是要走的路。是perf问题吗?
如果您想要一个等宽的十六进制表示形式,即0A
代替A
,以便可以明确地恢复字节,请尝试format()
:
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (byte bb : byteArray) {
result.append(String.format("%02X", bb));
}
return result.toString();
使用以下简短而简单的方式转换byte[]
为十六进制字符串BigInteger
:
import java.math.BigInteger;
byte[] bytes = new byte[] {(byte)255, 10, 20, 30};
String hex = new BigInteger(1, bytes).toString(16);
System.out.println(hex); // ff0a141e
内置系统类java.math.BigInteger
类(java.math.BigInteger)与二进制和十六进制数据兼容:
BigInteger(signum=1, byte[])
来创建一个大整数byte[]
(通过设置其第一个参数signum
= 1
以正确处理负字节)BigInteger.toString(16)
的大整数转换为十六进制字符串new BigInteger("ffa74b", 16)
-无法正确处理前导零如果您可能想在十六进制结果中使用前导零,请检查其大小并在必要时添加缺失的零:
if (hex.length() % 2 == 1)
hex = "0" + hex;
使用new BigInteger(1, bytes)
而不是new BigInteger(bytes)
,因为Java是“ 被设计破坏 ”的,并且byte
数据类型不包含字节而是带符号的小整数[-128 ... 127]。如果第一个字节为负,则BigInteger
假定您传递一个负大整数。只需1
作为第一个参数(signum=1
)传递即可。
从十六进制到byte[]
的转换非常棘手:有时在产生的输出中输入前导零,应按以下方式清除它:
byte[] bytes = new BigInteger("ffa74b", 16).toByteArray();
if (bytes[0] == 0) {
byte[] newBytes = new byte[bytes.length - 1];
System.arraycopy(bytes, 1, newBytes, 0, newBytes.length);
bytes = newBytes;
}
最后要注意的是,如果byte[]
具有多个前导零,则它们将丢失。
如果您乐于使用外部库,则org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex
该类具有一个encodeHex
方法,该方法采用a byte[]
并返回a char[]
。此方法比format选项快得多,并且封装了转换的详细信息。还带有decodeHex
相反转换的方法。
javax
名称空间并非总是可用。
您可以使用Bouncy Castle Provider库中的方法:
org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex.toHexString(byteArray);
Bouncy Castle Crypto软件包是密码算法的Java实现。该jar包含JCE提供程序和轻量级API,用于JDK 1.5至JDK 1.8的Bouncy Castle密码学API。
Maven依赖项:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
<version>1.60</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex.encodeHexString(byteArray);
Apache Commons Codec软件包包含用于各种格式(例如Base64和Hexadecimal)的简单编码器和解码器。除了这些广泛使用的编码器和解码器之外,编解码器包还维护了语音编码实用程序的集合。
Maven依赖项:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.11</version>
</dependency>
这是到目前为止我发现运行最快的代码。我在23ms的长度为32的109015字节数组上运行了它。我在VM上运行它,因此它可能在裸机上运行得更快。
public static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
public static char[] encodeHex( final byte[] data ){
final int l = data.length;
final char[] out = new char[l<<1];
for( int i=0,j=0; i<l; i++ ){
out[j++] = HEX_DIGITS[(0xF0 & data[i]) >>> 4];
out[j++] = HEX_DIGITS[0x0F & data[i]];
}
return out;
}
那你就可以做
String s = new String( encodeHex(myByteArray) );
BigInteger n = new BigInteger(byteArray);
String hexa = n.toString(16));
BigInteger(byteArrayOf(-1, 2, 3, 4, 5)).toString(16)
退货"-fdfcfbfb"
(int) 255
由于Java字节已签名,因此Java字节值-1实际上为0xFF(与相同),因此结果应为FF02030405
。如果您尝试上面的@Jerinaw解决方案,您会看到它将打印正确的输出。另请参阅下面的Svetlin Nakov解决方案。
这是将字节转换为十六进制的简单函数
private static String convertToHex(byte[] data) {
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
int halfbyte = (data[i] >>> 4) & 0x0F;
int two_halfs = 0;
do {
if ((0 <= halfbyte) && (halfbyte <= 9))
buf.append((char) ('0' + halfbyte));
else
buf.append((char) ('a' + (halfbyte - 10)));
halfbyte = data[i] & 0x0F;
} while(two_halfs++ < 1);
}
return buf.toString();
}
创建(并销毁)一堆 String
如果性能是一个问题,那么实例并不是一个好方法。
请忽略那些冗长(重复)的参数检查语句if
。这是出于(另一个)教育目的。
完整的Maven项目:http : //jinahya.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/com.googlecode.jinahya/hex-codec/
编码中...
/**
* Encodes a single nibble.
*
* @param decoded the nibble to encode.
*
* @return the encoded half octet.
*/
protected static int encodeHalf(final int decoded) {
switch (decoded) {
case 0x00:
case 0x01:
case 0x02:
case 0x03:
case 0x04:
case 0x05:
case 0x06:
case 0x07:
case 0x08:
case 0x09:
return decoded + 0x30; // 0x30('0') - 0x39('9')
case 0x0A:
case 0x0B:
case 0x0C:
case 0x0D:
case 0x0E:
case 0x0F:
return decoded + 0x57; // 0x41('a') - 0x46('f')
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegal half: " + decoded);
}
}
/**
* Encodes a single octet into two nibbles.
*
* @param decoded the octet to encode.
* @param encoded the array to which each encoded nibbles are written.
* @param offset the offset in the array.
*/
protected static void encodeSingle(final int decoded, final byte[] encoded,
final int offset) {
if (encoded == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
}
if (encoded.length < 2) {
// not required
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") < 2");
}
if (offset < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("offset(" + offset + ") < 0");
}
if (offset >= encoded.length - 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"offset(" + offset + ") >= encoded.length(" + encoded.length
+ ") - 1");
}
encoded[offset] = (byte) encodeHalf((decoded >> 4) & 0x0F);
encoded[offset + 1] = (byte) encodeHalf(decoded & 0x0F);
}
/**
* Decodes given sequence of octets into a sequence of nibbles.
*
* @param decoded the octets to encode
*
* @return the encoded nibbles.
*/
protected static byte[] encodeMultiple(final byte[] decoded) {
if (decoded == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("null decoded");
}
final byte[] encoded = new byte[decoded.length << 1];
int offset = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < decoded.length; i++) {
encodeSingle(decoded[i], encoded, offset);
offset += 2;
}
return encoded;
}
/**
* Encodes given sequence of octets into a sequence of nibbles.
*
* @param decoded the octets to encode.
*
* @return the encoded nibbles.
*/
public byte[] encode(final byte[] decoded) {
return encodeMultiple(decoded);
}
解码...
/**
* Decodes a single nibble.
*
* @param encoded the nibble to decode.
*
* @return the decoded half octet.
*/
protected static int decodeHalf(final int encoded) {
switch (encoded) {
case 0x30: // '0'
case 0x31: // '1'
case 0x32: // '2'
case 0x33: // '3'
case 0x34: // '4'
case 0x35: // '5'
case 0x36: // '6'
case 0x37: // '7'
case 0x38: // '8'
case 0x39: // '9'
return encoded - 0x30;
case 0x41: // 'A'
case 0x42: // 'B'
case 0x43: // 'C'
case 0x44: // 'D'
case 0x45: // 'E'
case 0x46: // 'F'
return encoded - 0x37;
case 0x61: // 'a'
case 0x62: // 'b'
case 0x63: // 'c'
case 0x64: // 'd'
case 0x65: // 'e'
case 0x66: // 'f'
return encoded - 0x57;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegal half: " + encoded);
}
}
/**
* Decodes two nibbles into a single octet.
*
* @param encoded the nibble array.
* @param offset the offset in the array.
*
* @return decoded octet.
*/
protected static int decodeSingle(final byte[] encoded, final int offset) {
if (encoded == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
}
if (encoded.length < 2) {
// not required
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") < 2");
}
if (offset < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("offset(" + offset + ") < 0");
}
if (offset >= encoded.length - 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"offset(" + offset + ") >= encoded.length(" + encoded.length
+ ") - 1");
}
return (decodeHalf(encoded[offset]) << 4)
| decodeHalf(encoded[offset + 1]);
}
/**
* Encodes given sequence of nibbles into a sequence of octets.
*
* @param encoded the nibbles to decode.
*
* @return the encoded octets.
*/
protected static byte[] decodeMultiple(final byte[] encoded) {
if (encoded == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
}
if ((encoded.length & 0x01) == 0x01) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") is not even");
}
final byte[] decoded = new byte[encoded.length >> 1];
int offset = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < decoded.length; i++) {
decoded[i] = (byte) decodeSingle(encoded, offset);
offset += 2;
}
return decoded;
}
/**
* Decodes given sequence of nibbles into a sequence of octets.
*
* @param encoded the nibbles to decode.
*
* @return the decoded octets.
*/
public byte[] decode(final byte[] encoded) {
return decodeMultiple(encoded);
}
这是一种非常快速的方法。无需外部库。
final protected static char[] HEXARRAY = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
public static String encodeHexString( byte[] bytes ) {
char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
for (int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) {
int v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
hexChars[j * 2] = HEXARRAY[v >>> 4];
hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = HEXARRAY[v & 0x0F];
}
return new String(hexChars);
}
我无法弄清楚字节字符串到底是什么意思,但是这里有一些从字节到字符串的转换,反之亦然,当然,官方文档还有很多
Integer intValue = 149;
相应的字节值为:
Byte byteValue = intValue.byteValue(); // this will convert the rightmost byte of the intValue to byte, because Byte is an 8 bit object and Integer is at least 16 bit, and it will give you a signed number in this case -107
从Byte变量获取整数值:
Integer anInt = byteValue.intValue(); // This will convert the byteValue variable to a signed Integer
从字节和整数到十六进制字符串:
这是我的方法:
Integer anInt = 149
Byte aByte = anInt.byteValue();
String hexFromInt = "".format("0x%x", anInt); // This will output 0x95
String hexFromByte = "".format("0x%x", aByte); // This will output 0x95
将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串:
据我所知,没有简单的函数可以将某些数组中的所有元素转换Object
为另一个元素Object
,因此您必须自己做。您可以使用以下功能:
从byte []到String:
public static String byteArrayToHexString(byte[] byteArray){
String hexString = "";
for(int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++){
String thisByte = "".format("%x", byteArray[i]);
hexString += thisByte;
}
return hexString;
}
从十六进制字符串到字节[]:
public static byte[] hexStringToByteArray(String hexString){
byte[] bytes = new byte[hexString.length() / 2];
for(int i = 0; i < hexString.length(); i += 2){
String sub = hexString.substring(i, i + 2);
Integer intVal = Integer.parseInt(sub, 16);
bytes[i / 2] = intVal.byteValue();
String hex = "".format("0x%x", bytes[i / 2]);
}
return bytes;
}
为时已晚,但我希望这可以对其他人有所帮助;)
有您的快速方法:
private static final String[] hexes = new String[]{
"00","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","0A","0B","0C","0D","0E","0F",
"10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","1A","1B","1C","1D","1E","1F",
"20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","2A","2B","2C","2D","2E","2F",
"30","31","32","33","34","35","36","37","38","39","3A","3B","3C","3D","3E","3F",
"40","41","42","43","44","45","46","47","48","49","4A","4B","4C","4D","4E","4F",
"50","51","52","53","54","55","56","57","58","59","5A","5B","5C","5D","5E","5F",
"60","61","62","63","64","65","66","67","68","69","6A","6B","6C","6D","6E","6F",
"70","71","72","73","74","75","76","77","78","79","7A","7B","7C","7D","7E","7F",
"80","81","82","83","84","85","86","87","88","89","8A","8B","8C","8D","8E","8F",
"90","91","92","93","94","95","96","97","98","99","9A","9B","9C","9D","9E","9F",
"A0","A1","A2","A3","A4","A5","A6","A7","A8","A9","AA","AB","AC","AD","AE","AF",
"B0","B1","B2","B3","B4","B5","B6","B7","B8","B9","BA","BB","BC","BD","BE","BF",
"C0","C1","C2","C3","C4","C5","C6","C7","C8","C9","CA","CB","CC","CD","CE","CF",
"D0","D1","D2","D3","D4","D5","D6","D7","D8","D9","DA","DB","DC","DD","DE","DF",
"E0","E1","E2","E3","E4","E5","E6","E7","E8","E9","EA","EB","EC","ED","EE","EF",
"F0","F1","F2","F3","F4","F5","F6","F7","F8","F9","FA","FB","FC","FD","FE","FF"
};
public static String byteToHex(byte b) {
return hexes[b&0xFF];
}
就像其他答案一样,我建议使用String.format()
和BigInteger
。但是要将字节数组解释为大端二进制表示,而不是二进制补码二进制表示(具有可能的十六进制值范围的符号和不完整使用),请使用BigInteger(int signum,byte [] itude)而不是BigInteger(byte [] val )。
例如,对于长度为8的字节数组,请使用:
String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(1,bytes))
优点:
坏处:
例:
byte[] bytes = new byte[8];
Random r = new Random();
System.out.println("big-endian | two's-complement");
System.out.println("-----------------|-----------------");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
r.nextBytes(bytes);
System.out.print(String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(1,bytes)));
System.out.print(" | ");
System.out.print(String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(bytes)));
System.out.println();
}
输出示例:
big-endian | two's-complement
-----------------|-----------------
3971B56BC7C80590 | 3971B56BC7C80590
64D3C133C86CCBDC | 64D3C133C86CCBDC
B232EFD5BC40FA61 | -4DCD102A43BF059F
CD350CC7DF7C9731 | -32CAF338208368CF
82CDC9ECC1BC8EED | -7D3236133E437113
F438C8C34911A7F5 | -BC7373CB6EE580B
5E99738BE6ACE798 | 5E99738BE6ACE798
A565FE5CE43AA8DD | -5A9A01A31BC55723
032EBA783D2E9A9F | 032EBA783D2E9A9F
8FDAA07263217ABA | -70255F8D9CDE8546