如何将UIView转换为图像

我想将UIView转换为图像并将其保存在我的应用程序中。有人可以告诉我如何拍摄视图的屏幕截图或将其转换为图像，以及将其保存在应用程序（而不是相机胶卷）中的最佳方法是什么？这是该视图的代码：

var overView   = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.width/1.3, self.view.frame.height/1.3))
overView.center = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(self.view.bounds),
CGRectGetMidY(self.view.bounds)-self.view.frame.height/16);
overView.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
self.view.addSubview(overView)
self.view.bringSubviewToFront(overView)

扩展UIView应该可以解决问题。

extension UIView {

    // Using a function since `var image` might conflict with an existing variable
    // (like on `UIImageView`)
    func asImage() -> UIImage {
        let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
        return renderer.image { rendererContext in
            layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext)
        }
    }
}

苹果不鼓励使用UIGraphicsBeginImageContext引入P3色域的iOS 10操作系统。UIGraphicsBeginImageContext仅sRGB和32位。他们介绍了新的UIGraphicsImageRendererAPI，该API完全基于颜色进行管理，基于块，具有PDF和图像的子类，并自动管理上下文生存期。查看WWDC16会话205了解更多详细信息（图像渲染在11:50左右开始）

为确保它能在所有设备上正常运行，请#available回退到iOS的早期版本：

extension UIView {

    // Using a function since `var image` might conflict with an existing variable
    // (like on `UIImageView`)
    func asImage() -> UIImage {
        if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
            let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
            return renderer.image { rendererContext in
                layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext)
            }
        } else {
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.frame.size)
            self.layer.render(in:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
            let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
            UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
            return UIImage(cgImage: image!.cgImage!)
        }
    }
}

你可以使用扩展

extension UIImage {
    convenience init(view: UIView) {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(view.frame.size)
        view.layer.render(in:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        self.init(cgImage: image!.cgImage!)
    }
}

这是迅速的3/4版本：

extension UIImage {
    convenience init(view: UIView) {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(view.frame.size)
        view.layer.render(in:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        self.init(cgImage: image!.cgImage!)
    }
}

通过drawViewHierarchyInRect：afterScreenUpdates：将UIView转换为图像，它比renderInContext快很多倍

重要说明：请勿从viewDidLoad或viewWillAppear调用此函数，请确保在显示/完全加载视图后捕获该视图

对象C

     UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(myView.bounds.size, myView.opaque, 0.0f);
     [myView drawViewHierarchyInRect:myView.bounds afterScreenUpdates:NO];
     UIImage *snapshotImageFromMyView = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
     UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

     myImageView.image =  snapshotImageFromMyView;

保存编辑的图像相册

     UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(snapshotImageFromMyView, nil,nil, nil);

迅捷3/4

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(myView.bounds.size, myView.isOpaque, 0.0)
    myView.drawHierarchy(in: myView.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
    let snapshotImageFromMyView = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
    print(snapshotImageFromMyView)
    myImageView.image = snapshotImageFromMyView

具有扩展功能的超简单通用化，iOS11，swift3 / 4

extension UIImage{
    convenience init(view: UIView) {

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(view.bounds.size, view.isOpaque, 0.0)
    view.drawHierarchy(in: view.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
    let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
    self.init(cgImage: (image?.cgImage)!)

  }
}


Use : 
 //myView is completly loaded/visible , calling this code after only after viewDidAppear is call
 imgVV.image = UIImage.init(view: myView)
 // Simple image object
 let img =  UIImage.init(view: myView)

在iOS 10上：

extension UIImage {
    convenience init(view: UIView) {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(view.frame.size)
        view.layer.render(in: UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        self.init(cgImage: (image?.cgImage)!)
    }
}

iOS 10和Swift 3的最佳做法

虽然仍支持iOS 9和更早版本， 但自iOS 13起，仍可使用Xcode 11.1，Swift 5.1

extension UIView {

    func asImage() -> UIImage? {
        if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {
            let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
            return renderer.image { rendererContext in
                layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext)
            }
        } else {
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(self.bounds.size, self.isOpaque, 0.0)
            defer { UIGraphicsEndImageContext() }
            guard let currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
                return nil
            }
            self.layer.render(in: currentContext)
            return UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        }
    }
}

我不确定问题的含义是：

将其保存在应用程序（不是相机胶卷）中的最佳方法是什么？

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.view.bounds.size);        
    self.view.layer.renderInContext(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext())
    var screenShot = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

例如，如果我有一个尺寸视图：100 100时50 50。我可以使用以下屏幕截图：

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(100, 100), false, 0);
    self.view.drawViewHierarchyInRect(CGRectMake(-50,-5-,view.bounds.size.width,view.bounds.size.height), afterScreenUpdates: true)
    var image:UIImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

我认为，使用初始化程序的方法并不是很好，因为它会创建两个图像。

我更喜欢这样：

extension UIView {
    var snapshot: UIImage? {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.frame.size)
        guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
            return nil
        }
        layer.render(in: context)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        return image
    }
}

Swift 4.2，iOS 10

extension UIView {

    // If Swift version is lower than 4.2, 
    // You should change the name. (ex. var renderedImage: UIImage?)

    var image: UIImage? {
        let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
        return renderer.image { rendererContext in layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext) }
    }
}

样品

let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 100))
view.backgroundColor = .blue

let view2 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 10, y: 10, width: 20, height: 20))
view2.backgroundColor = .red
view.addSubview(view2)

let imageView = UIImageView(image: view.image)

这对我来说适用于Xcode 9 / Swift 3.2 / Swift 4和Xcode 8 / Swift 3

 if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {

     // for Xcode 9/Swift 3.2/Swift 4 -Paul Hudson's code
     let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: view!.bounds.size)
     let capturedImage = renderer.image { 
         (ctx) in
         view!.drawHierarchy(in: view!.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: true)
     }
     return capturedImage

 } else {

     // for Xcode 8/Swift 3
     UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions((view!.bounds.size), view!.isOpaque, 0.0)
     view!.drawHierarchy(in: view!.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
     let capturedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
     UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
     return capturedImage!
 }

这是在函数中使用它的方法：

fileprivate func captureUIImageFromUIView(_ view:UIView?) -> UIImage {

     guard (view != nil) else{

        // if the view is nil (it's happened to me) return an alternative image
        let errorImage = UIImage(named: "Error Image")
        return errorImage
     }

     // if the view is all good then convert the image inside the view to a uiimage
     if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {

         let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: view!.bounds.size)
         let capturedImage = renderer.image { 
             (ctx) in
             view!.drawHierarchy(in: view!.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: true)
         }
         return capturedImage

     } else {

         UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions((view!.bounds.size), view!.isOpaque, 0.0)
         view!.drawHierarchy(in: view!.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
         let capturedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
         UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
         return capturedImage!
     }
}

这是处理从函数返回的图像的方法：

@IBOutlet weak fileprivate var myCustomView: UIView!
var myPic: UIImage?

let myImageView = UIImageView()

@IBAction fileprivate func saveImageButtonTapped(_ sender: UIButton) {

   myPic = captureUIImageFromUIView(myCustomView)

   // display the pic inside a UIImageView
   myImageView.image = myPic!
}

我从Paul Hudson 得到了Xcode 9 / Swift 3.2 / Swift 4的答案将uiview转换为uiimage

很久以前我从某处获得Xcode 8 / Swift 3，却忘了:(

var snapshot = overView.snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates(false)

或在Objective-C中

UIView* snapshot = [overView snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:NO];

您可以使用这样的扩展名轻松地使用它

// Take a snapshot from a view (just one view)
let viewSnapshot = myView.snapshot

// Take a screenshot (with every views in screen)
let screenSnapshot = UIApplication.shared.snapshot

// Take a snapshot from UIImage initialization
UIImage(view: self.view)

如果您想使用这些扩展方法/变量，请实施此

1. UIImage扩展

   extension UIImage {
       convenience init(view: UIView) {
           if let cgImage = view.snapshot?.cgImage {
               self.init(cgImage: cgImage)
           } else {
               self.init()
           }
       }
   }

2. UIView扩展

   extension UIView {
   
       var snapshot: UIImage? {
           UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(bounds.size, isOpaque, 0.0)
           if UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() != nil {
               drawHierarchy(in: bounds, afterScreenUpdates: true)
               let screenshot = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
               UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
               return screenshot
           }
           return nil
       }
   }

3. UIApplication扩展

   extension UIApplication {
   
       var snapshot: UIImage? {
           return keyWindow?.rootViewController?.view.snapshot
       }
   }

或iOS 10或更高版本，您可以使用新的UIGraphicsImageRenderer +推荐的drawHierarchy，在某些情况下它可能比layer.renderInContext快得多

extension UIView {
    func asImage() -> UIImage {
        let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: self.bounds.size)
        return renderer.image { _ in
            self.drawHierarchy(in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: bounds.size.width, height: bounds.size.height), afterScreenUpdates: false)
        }
    }
}

谢谢@Bao Tuan Diep！我要补充。

使用代码时：

yourView.layer.render(in:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)

您必须注意：

 - If you had used `autoLayout` or `Masonry` in `yourView` (that you want to convert) .
 - If you did not add `yourView` to another view which means that `yourView` was not used as a subview but just an object.

然后，您必须使用：

[yourView setNeedsLayout];
[yourView layoutIfNeeded];

在yourView之前更新yourView.layer.render(in:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)。

否则，您可能会得到一个不包含任何元素的图像对象

斯威夫特4.2

import Foundation
import UIKit  

extension UIImage {

    convenience init(view: UIView) {

        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(view.bounds.size, view.isOpaque, 0.0)
        view.drawHierarchy(in: view.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        self.init(cgImage: (image?.cgImage)!)

    } 
}

使用：

让img = UIImage.init（view：self.holderView）

在Swift 3中实现：

将以下代码添加到类范围之外。

extension UIImage {
    convenience init(_ view: UIView) {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(view.frame.size)
        view.layer.render(in: UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        self.init(cgImage: (image?.cgImage)!)
    }
}

用法：

let image = UIImage( Your_View_Outlet )

我实现了@NaveedJ。像这样的方法，它的工作就像一个魅力。

这是他的范围：

extension UIView {

    // Using a function since `var image` might conflict with an existing variable
    // (like on `UIImageView`)
    func asImage() -> UIImage {
        let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
        return renderer.image { rendererContext in
            layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext)
        }
    }
}

这是我的实现方法。

//create an image from yourView to display
//determine the frame of the view/imageimage
let screen = self.superview!.bounds
let width = screen.width / 4 //make image 1/4 width of screen
let height = width
let frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
let x = (screen.size.width - frame.size.width) * 0.5
let y = (screen.size.height - frame.size.height) * 0.5
let mainFrame = CGRect(x: x, y: y, width: frame.size.width, height: frame.size.height)

let yourView = YourView() //instantiate yourView
yourView.frame = mainFrame //give it the frame
yourView.setNeedsDisplay() //tell it to display (I am not 100% sure this is needed)

let characterViewImage = yourView.asImage()

自iOS 10起提供带有新UIGraphicsImageRenderer的初始化程序：

extension UIImage{
    convenience init(view: UIView) {

    let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: self.bounds.size)
    let canvas = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: bounds.size.width, height: bounds.size.height)
    let image = renderer.image { _ in
        self.drawHierarchy(in: canvas, afterScreenUpdates: false)
    }
    self.init(cgImage: (image?.cgImage)!)
  }
}

和我一起工作很好！

迅捷4

 extension UIView {

    func toImage() -> UIImage {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(self.bounds.size, self.isOpaque, 0.0)
        self.drawHierarchy(in: self.bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
        let snapshotImageFromMyView = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        return snapshotImageFromMyView!
    }

    }

对于包含模糊子视图的视图（例如UIVisualEffectView实例），仅drawViewHierarchyInRect：afterScreenUpdates有效。

@ViJay Avhad的答案对于这种情况是正确的。

please try below code.
-(UIImage *)getMainImageFromContext
{
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(viewBG.bounds.size, viewBG.opaque, 0.0);
[viewBG.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
UIImage * img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return img;
}