使用Volley和不使用HttpEntity的工作POST多部分请求

这并不是一个真正的问题，但是，我想在这里共享我的一些工作代码，以供您在需要时参考。

众所周知，HttpEntity自API22起已弃用该方法，并自API23起将其完全删除。目前，我们无法再在Android Developer上访问HttpEntity Reference（404）。因此，以下是我在带有Volley且没有HttpEntity的POST Multipart Request中工作的示例代码。工作正常，已通过测试Asp.Net Web API。当然，代码可能只是发布两个已存在的可绘制文件的基本示例，也不是所有情况下的最佳解决方案，而且调整也不佳。

MultipartActivity.java：

package com.example.multipartvolley;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse;
import com.android.volley.Response;
import com.android.volley.VolleyError;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;


public class MultipartActivity extends Activity {

    private final Context context = this;
    private final String twoHyphens = "--";
    private final String lineEnd = "\r\n";
    private final String boundary = "apiclient-" + System.currentTimeMillis();
    private final String mimeType = "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary;
    private byte[] multipartBody;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_multipart);

        byte[] fileData1 = getFileDataFromDrawable(context, R.drawable.ic_action_android);
        byte[] fileData2 = getFileDataFromDrawable(context, R.drawable.ic_action_book);

        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
        try {
            // the first file
            buildPart(dos, fileData1, "ic_action_android.png");
            // the second file
            buildPart(dos, fileData2, "ic_action_book.png");
            // send multipart form data necesssary after file data
            dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + lineEnd);
            // pass to multipart body
            multipartBody = bos.toByteArray();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        String url = "http://192.168.1.100/api/postfile";
        MultipartRequest multipartRequest = new MultipartRequest(url, null, mimeType, multipartBody, new Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
                Toast.makeText(context, "Upload successfully!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }, new Response.ErrorListener() {
            @Override
            public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
                Toast.makeText(context, "Upload failed!\r\n" + error.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        VolleySingleton.getInstance(context).addToRequestQueue(multipartRequest);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_multipart, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    private void buildPart(DataOutputStream dataOutputStream, byte[] fileData, String fileName) throws IOException {
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploaded_file\"; filename=\""
                + fileName + "\"" + lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);

        ByteArrayInputStream fileInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(fileData);
        int bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();

        int maxBufferSize = 1024 * 1024;
        int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];

        // read file and write it into form...
        int bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);

        while (bytesRead > 0) {
            dataOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
            bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();
            bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
            bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
        }

        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
    }

    private byte[] getFileDataFromDrawable(Context context, int id) {
        Drawable drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, id);
        Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 0, byteArrayOutputStream);
        return byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
    }
}

MultipartRequest.java：

package com.example.multipartvolley;

import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError;
import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse;
import com.android.volley.ParseError;
import com.android.volley.Request;
import com.android.volley.Response;
import com.android.volley.VolleyError;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.HttpHeaderParser;

import java.util.Map;

class MultipartRequest extends Request<NetworkResponse> {
    private final Response.Listener<NetworkResponse> mListener;
    private final Response.ErrorListener mErrorListener;
    private final Map<String, String> mHeaders;
    private final String mMimeType;
    private final byte[] mMultipartBody;

    public MultipartRequest(String url, Map<String, String> headers, String mimeType, byte[] multipartBody, Response.Listener<NetworkResponse> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener) {
        super(Method.POST, url, errorListener);
        this.mListener = listener;
        this.mErrorListener = errorListener;
        this.mHeaders = headers;
        this.mMimeType = mimeType;
        this.mMultipartBody = multipartBody;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
        return (mHeaders != null) ? mHeaders : super.getHeaders();
    }

    @Override
    public String getBodyContentType() {
        return mMimeType;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError {
        return mMultipartBody;
    }

    @Override
    protected Response<NetworkResponse> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
        try {
            return Response.success(
                    response,
                    HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return Response.error(new ParseError(e));
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void deliverResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
        mListener.onResponse(response);
    }

    @Override
    public void deliverError(VolleyError error) {
        mErrorListener.onErrorResponse(error);
    }
}

更新：

对于文本部分，请参阅下面的@Oscar答案。

我将您的代码@RacZo和@BNK重写为更模块化和易于使用的

VolleyMultipartRequest multipartRequest = new VolleyMultipartRequest(Request.Method.POST, url, new Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>() {
    @Override
    public void onResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
        String resultResponse = new String(response.data);
        // parse success output
    }
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
    @Override
    public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {                
        error.printStackTrace();
    }
}) {
    @Override
    protected Map<String, String> getParams() {
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("api_token", "gh659gjhvdyudo973823tt9gvjf7i6ric75r76");
        params.put("name", "Angga");
        params.put("location", "Indonesia");
        params.put("about", "UI/UX Designer");
        params.put("contact", "angga@email.com");
        return params;
    }

    @Override
    protected Map<String, DataPart> getByteData() {
        Map<String, DataPart> params = new HashMap<>();
        // file name could found file base or direct access from real path
        // for now just get bitmap data from ImageView
        params.put("avatar", new DataPart("file_avatar.jpg", AppHelper.getFileDataFromDrawable(getBaseContext(), mAvatarImage.getDrawable()), "image/jpeg"));
        params.put("cover", new DataPart("file_cover.jpg", AppHelper.getFileDataFromDrawable(getBaseContext(), mCoverImage.getDrawable()), "image/jpeg"));

        return params;
    }
};

VolleySingleton.getInstance(getBaseContext()).addToRequestQueue(multipartRequest);

VolleyMultipartRequest在我的要旨中检查完整的代码。

只想添加到答案。我试图弄清楚如何将文本字段附加到正文，并创建了以下函数来实现：

private void buildTextPart(DataOutputStream dataOutputStream, String parameterName, String parameterValue) throws IOException {
    dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
    dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + parameterName + "\"" + lineEnd);
    dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" + lineEnd);
    dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
    dataOutputStream.writeBytes(parameterValue + lineEnd);
}

运行良好。

对于那些正在努力发送utf-8参数并且仍然没有运气的人，我遇到的问题是在dataOutputStream中，并将@RacZo的代码更改为以下代码：

private void buildTextPart(DataOutputStream dataOutputStream, String parameterName, String parameterValue) throws IOException {
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"");
        dataOutputStream.write(parameterName.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" + lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
        dataOutputStream.write(parameterValue.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
    } 

这是类的Kotlin版本，允许Volley 1.1.1进行多部分请求。

它主要基于@BNK的解决方案，但略微简化。我没有发现任何特定的性能问题。我在大约3秒钟内上传了5Mb图片。

class MultipartWebservice(context: Context) {

    private var queue: RequestQueue? = null

    private val boundary = "apiclient-" + System.currentTimeMillis()
    private val mimeType = "multipart/form-data;boundary=$boundary"

    init {
        queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(context)
    }

    fun sendMultipartRequest(
        method: Int,
        url: String,
        fileData: ByteArray,
        fileName: String,
        listener: Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>,
        errorListener: Response.ErrorListener
    ) {

        // Create multi part byte array
        val bos = ByteArrayOutputStream()
        val dos = DataOutputStream(bos)
        buildMultipartContent(dos, fileData, fileName)
        val multipartBody = bos.toByteArray()

        // Request header, if needed
        val headers = HashMap<String, String>()
        headers["API-TOKEN"] = "458e126682d577c97d225bbd73a75b5989f65e977b6d8d4b2267537019ad9d20"

        val request = MultipartRequest(
            method,
            url,
            errorListener,
            listener,
            headers,
            mimeType,
            multipartBody
        )

        queue?.add(request)

    }

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    private fun buildMultipartContent(dos: DataOutputStream, fileData: ByteArray, fileName: String) {

        val twoHyphens = "--"
        val lineEnd = "\r\n"

        dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd)
        dos.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"$fileName\"$lineEnd")
        dos.writeBytes(lineEnd)
        dos.write(fileData)
        dos.writeBytes(lineEnd)
        dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + lineEnd)
    }

    class MultipartRequest(
        method: Int,
        url: String,
        errorListener: Response.ErrorListener?,
        private var listener: Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>,
        private var headers: MutableMap<String, String>,
        private var mimeType: String,
        private var multipartBody: ByteArray
    ) : Request<NetworkResponse>(method, url, errorListener) {

        override fun getHeaders(): MutableMap<String, String> {
            return if (headers.isEmpty()) super.getHeaders() else headers
        }

        override fun getBodyContentType(): String {
            return mimeType
        }

        override fun getBody(): ByteArray {
            return multipartBody
        }

        override fun parseNetworkResponse(response: NetworkResponse?): Response<NetworkResponse> {
            return try {
                Response.success(response, HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response))
            } catch (e: Exception) {
                Response.error(ParseError(e))
            }
        }

        override fun deliverResponse(response: NetworkResponse?) {
            listener.onResponse(response)
        }
    }
}

我找到了原始凌空库的包装，该包装更易于集成到多部分请求中。它还支持上载多部分数据以及其他请求参数。因此，我将代码分享给将来的开发人员，这些开发人员可能会遇到我遇到的问题（即，使用凌空机制和其他一些参数上传多部分数据）。

在build.gradle文件中添加以下库。

dependencies {
    compile 'dev.dworks.libs:volleyplus:+'
}

请注意，我从我的库中删除了原始的volley库，build.gradle并改用了上述库，该库可以处理具有类似集成技术的多部分请求和常规请求。

然后，我只需要编写下面的类来处理POST请求操作。

public class POSTMediasTask {
    public void uploadMedia(final Context context, String filePath) {

        String url = getUrlForPOSTMedia(); // This is a dummy function which returns the POST url for you
        SimpleMultiPartRequest multiPartRequestWithParams = new SimpleMultiPartRequest(Request.Method.POST, url,
                new Response.Listener<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(String response) {
                        Log.d("Response", response);
                        // TODO: Do something on success
                    }
                }, new Response.ErrorListener() {
            @Override
            public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
                // TODO: Handle your error here
            }
        });

        // Add the file here
        multiPartRequestWithParams.addFile("file", filePath);

        // Add the params here
        multiPartRequestWithParams.addStringParam("param1", "SomeParamValue1");
        multiPartRequestWithParams.addStringParam("param2", "SomeParamValue2");

        RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(context);
        queue.add(multiPartRequestWithParams);
    }
}

现在执行如下任务。

new POSTMediasTask().uploadMedia(context, mediaPath);

您可以使用此库一次上传一个文件。但是，我可以通过启动多个任务来设法上传多个文件。

希望有帮助！