如何在RecyclerView中制作粘性标头？（没有外部库）

我想像下面的图像一样在屏幕顶部修复标题视图，而无需使用外部库。

就我而言，我不想按字母顺序进行。我有两种不同类型的视图（Header和Normal）。我只想固定到顶部，即最后一个标题。

在这里，我将解释如何在没有外部库的情况下执行此操作。这将是一个很长的帖子，所以请做好准备。

首先，让我承认@ tim.paetz的帖子激发了我开始使用ItemDecorations 实现我自己的粘性标头的旅程。我在实现中借用了他的代码的某些部分。

正如您可能已经经历过的那样，如果您尝试自己进行操作，很难找到如何使用该ItemDecoration技术实际进行操作的良好解释。我的意思是，步骤是什么？它背后的逻辑是什么？如何使页眉停留在列表顶部？不知道这些问题的答案是什么使他人使用外部库，而自己使用ItemDecoration则很容易。

初始条件

1. 您的数据集应list为不同类型的项目（不是“ Java类型”，而是“标头/项目”类型）。
2. 您的清单应该已经排序。
3. 列表中的每个项目都应为特定类型-应该有一个与之相关的标题项目。
4. 中的第一项list必须是标题项。

在这里，我提供完整的代码为我RecyclerView.ItemDecoration叫HeaderItemDecoration。然后，我详细解释所采取的步骤。

public class HeaderItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

 private StickyHeaderInterface mListener;
 private int mStickyHeaderHeight;

 public HeaderItemDecoration(RecyclerView recyclerView, @NonNull StickyHeaderInterface listener) {
  mListener = listener;

  // On Sticky Header Click
  recyclerView.addOnItemTouchListener(new RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener() {
   public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView recyclerView, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
    if (motionEvent.getY() <= mStickyHeaderHeight) {
     // Handle the clicks on the header here ...
     return true;
    }
    return false;
   }

   public void onTouchEvent(RecyclerView recyclerView, MotionEvent motionEvent) {

   }

   public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) {

   }
  });
 }

 @Override
 public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
  super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state);

  View topChild = parent.getChildAt(0);
  if (Util.isNull(topChild)) {
   return;
  }

  int topChildPosition = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(topChild);
  if (topChildPosition == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION) {
   return;
  }

  View currentHeader = getHeaderViewForItem(topChildPosition, parent);
  fixLayoutSize(parent, currentHeader);
  int contactPoint = currentHeader.getBottom();
  View childInContact = getChildInContact(parent, contactPoint);
  if (Util.isNull(childInContact)) {
   return;
  }

  if (mListener.isHeader(parent.getChildAdapterPosition(childInContact))) {
   moveHeader(c, currentHeader, childInContact);
   return;
  }

  drawHeader(c, currentHeader);
 }

 private View getHeaderViewForItem(int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) {
  int headerPosition = mListener.getHeaderPositionForItem(itemPosition);
  int layoutResId = mListener.getHeaderLayout(headerPosition);
  View header = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(layoutResId, parent, false);
  mListener.bindHeaderData(header, headerPosition);
  return header;
 }

 private void drawHeader(Canvas c, View header) {
  c.save();
  c.translate(0, 0);
  header.draw(c);
  c.restore();
 }

 private void moveHeader(Canvas c, View currentHeader, View nextHeader) {
  c.save();
  c.translate(0, nextHeader.getTop() - currentHeader.getHeight());
  currentHeader.draw(c);
  c.restore();
 }

 private View getChildInContact(RecyclerView parent, int contactPoint) {
  View childInContact = null;
  for (int i = 0; i < parent.getChildCount(); i++) {
   View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
   if (child.getBottom() > contactPoint) {
    if (child.getTop() <= contactPoint) {
     // This child overlaps the contactPoint
     childInContact = child;
     break;
    }
   }
  }
  return childInContact;
 }

 /**
  * Properly measures and layouts the top sticky header.
  * @param parent ViewGroup: RecyclerView in this case.
  */
 private void fixLayoutSize(ViewGroup parent, View view) {

  // Specs for parent (RecyclerView)
  int widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.getWidth(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
  int heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.getHeight(), View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

  // Specs for children (headers)
  int childWidthSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(widthSpec, parent.getPaddingLeft() + parent.getPaddingRight(), view.getLayoutParams().width);
  int childHeightSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(heightSpec, parent.getPaddingTop() + parent.getPaddingBottom(), view.getLayoutParams().height);

  view.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec);

  view.layout(0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), mStickyHeaderHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight());
 }

 public interface StickyHeaderInterface {

  /**
   * This method gets called by {@link HeaderItemDecoration} to fetch the position of the header item in the adapter
   * that is used for (represents) item at specified position.
   * @param itemPosition int. Adapter's position of the item for which to do the search of the position of the header item.
   * @return int. Position of the header item in the adapter.
   */
  int getHeaderPositionForItem(int itemPosition);

  /**
   * This method gets called by {@link HeaderItemDecoration} to get layout resource id for the header item at specified adapter's position.
   * @param headerPosition int. Position of the header item in the adapter.
   * @return int. Layout resource id.
   */
  int getHeaderLayout(int headerPosition);

  /**
   * This method gets called by {@link HeaderItemDecoration} to setup the header View.
   * @param header View. Header to set the data on.
   * @param headerPosition int. Position of the header item in the adapter.
   */
  void bindHeaderData(View header, int headerPosition);

  /**
   * This method gets called by {@link HeaderItemDecoration} to verify whether the item represents a header.
   * @param itemPosition int.
   * @return true, if item at the specified adapter's position represents a header.
   */
  boolean isHeader(int itemPosition);
 }
}

商业逻辑

那么，如何使它粘住？

你不知道 你不能让一个RecyclerView在上面你所选择的的项目只停留和坚持，除非你自定义布局的大师，你知道12000行代码的RecyclerView的心脏。因此，就像UI设计一样，如果您无法制作某些东西，请伪造它。您只需使用即可在所有内容的顶部绘制标题Canvas。您还应该知道用户当前可以看到哪些项目。碰巧的是，它ItemDecoration可以为您提供Canvas有关可见项目的和信息。这样，这里是基本步骤：

1. 在获取用户可见的第一个（顶部）项目的onDrawOver方法中RecyclerView.ItemDecoration。

       View topChild = parent.getChildAt(0);

2. 确定哪个标题代表它。

           int topChildPosition = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(topChild);
       View currentHeader = getHeaderViewForItem(topChildPosition, parent);
   

3. 使用drawHeader()方法在RecyclerView顶部绘制适当的标题。

我还想实现新的即将到来的标头与顶部标头相遇时的行为：当即将到来的标头将顶部的当前标头轻轻地推出视图并最终取代他时，它应该看起来像。

“在一切之上绘图”的相同技术在这里适用。

1. 确定顶部的“卡住”标题何时与新的即将出现的标题相遇。

           View childInContact = getChildInContact(parent, contactPoint);

2. 获取此接触点（即您绘制的粘性标头的底部和即将出现的标头的顶部）。

           int contactPoint = currentHeader.getBottom();

3. 如果列表中的项目正在侵入此“接触点”，请重绘您的粘性标头，使其底部位于侵入项目的顶部。您可以使用的translate()方法来实现此目的Canvas。结果，顶部标头的起点将超出可见区域，并且看起来像是“被即将到来的标头推出”。当它完全消失后，在顶部绘制新的标题。

           if (childInContact != null) {
           if (mListener.isHeader(parent.getChildAdapterPosition(childInContact))) {
               moveHeader(c, currentHeader, childInContact);
           } else {
               drawHeader(c, currentHeader);
           }
       }
   

其余的将通过我提供的代码中的注释和详尽的注释进行解释。

用法很简单：

mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new HeaderItemDecoration((HeaderItemDecoration.StickyHeaderInterface) mAdapter));

您mAdapter必须实现StickyHeaderInterface它才能正常工作。实现取决于您拥有的数据。

最后，在这里，我提供了一个带有半透明标头的gif，因此您可以理解这个主意，并实际了解引擎盖下发生了什么。

这是“只画在一切之上”概念的图示。您会看到有两个项目“标头1”-我们绘制并停留在顶部处于卡住的位置，另一个则来自数据集并与所有其余项目一起移动。用户将看不到它的内部结构，因为您将没有半透明的标题。

在“推出”阶段发生了什么：

希望能有所帮助。

编辑

这是我getHeaderPositionForItem()在RecyclerView的适配器中对方法的实际实现：

@Override
public int getHeaderPositionForItem(int itemPosition) {
    int headerPosition = 0;
    do {
        if (this.isHeader(itemPosition)) {
            headerPosition = itemPosition;
            break;
        }
        itemPosition -= 1;
    } while (itemPosition >= 0);
    return headerPosition;
}

Kotlin的实现略有不同

最简单的方法是为RecyclerView创建一个项装饰。

import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class RecyclerSectionItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

private final int             headerOffset;
private final boolean         sticky;
private final SectionCallback sectionCallback;

private View     headerView;
private TextView header;

public RecyclerSectionItemDecoration(int headerHeight, boolean sticky, @NonNull SectionCallback sectionCallback) {
    headerOffset = headerHeight;
    this.sticky = sticky;
    this.sectionCallback = sectionCallback;
}

@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
    super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);

    int pos = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
    if (sectionCallback.isSection(pos)) {
        outRect.top = headerOffset;
    }
}

@Override
public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
    super.onDrawOver(c,
                     parent,
                     state);

    if (headerView == null) {
        headerView = inflateHeaderView(parent);
        header = (TextView) headerView.findViewById(R.id.list_item_section_text);
        fixLayoutSize(headerView,
                      parent);
    }

    CharSequence previousHeader = "";
    for (int i = 0; i < parent.getChildCount(); i++) {
        View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
        final int position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(child);

        CharSequence title = sectionCallback.getSectionHeader(position);
        header.setText(title);
        if (!previousHeader.equals(title) || sectionCallback.isSection(position)) {
            drawHeader(c,
                       child,
                       headerView);
            previousHeader = title;
        }
    }
}

private void drawHeader(Canvas c, View child, View headerView) {
    c.save();
    if (sticky) {
        c.translate(0,
                    Math.max(0,
                             child.getTop() - headerView.getHeight()));
    } else {
        c.translate(0,
                    child.getTop() - headerView.getHeight());
    }
    headerView.draw(c);
    c.restore();
}

private View inflateHeaderView(RecyclerView parent) {
    return LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                         .inflate(R.layout.recycler_section_header,
                                  parent,
                                  false);
}

/**
 * Measures the header view to make sure its size is greater than 0 and will be drawn
 * https://yoda.entelect.co.za/view/9627/how-to-android-recyclerview-item-decorations
 */
private void fixLayoutSize(View view, ViewGroup parent) {
    int widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.getWidth(),
                                                     View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
    int heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.getHeight(),
                                                      View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

    int childWidth = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(widthSpec,
                                                   parent.getPaddingLeft() + parent.getPaddingRight(),
                                                   view.getLayoutParams().width);
    int childHeight = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(heightSpec,
                                                    parent.getPaddingTop() + parent.getPaddingBottom(),
                                                    view.getLayoutParams().height);

    view.measure(childWidth,
                 childHeight);

    view.layout(0,
                0,
                view.getMeasuredWidth(),
                view.getMeasuredHeight());
}

public interface SectionCallback {

    boolean isSection(int position);

    CharSequence getSectionHeader(int position);
}

}

recycler_section_header.xml中标头的XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/list_item_section_text"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="@dimen/recycler_section_header_height"
    android:background="@android:color/black"
    android:paddingLeft="10dp"
    android:paddingRight="10dp"
    android:textColor="@android:color/white"
    android:textSize="14sp"
/>

最后将物料装饰添加到您的RecyclerView中：

RecyclerSectionItemDecoration sectionItemDecoration =
        new RecyclerSectionItemDecoration(getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.recycler_section_header_height),
                                          true, // true for sticky, false for not
                                          new RecyclerSectionItemDecoration.SectionCallback() {
                                              @Override
                                              public boolean isSection(int position) {
                                                  return position == 0
                                                      || people.get(position)
                                                               .getLastName()
                                                               .charAt(0) != people.get(position - 1)
                                                                                   .getLastName()
                                                                                   .charAt(0);
                                              }

                                              @Override
                                              public CharSequence getSectionHeader(int position) {
                                                  return people.get(position)
                                                               .getLastName()
                                                               .subSequence(0,
                                                                            1);
                                              }
                                          });
    recyclerView.addItemDecoration(sectionItemDecoration);

使用此物料装饰，您可以在创建物料装饰时使标头固定/发粘，也可以不使用布尔值。

您可以在github上找到完整的工作示例：https : //github.com/paetztm/recycler_view_headers

我在上面对Sevastyan的解决方案做了自己的修改

class HeaderItemDecoration(recyclerView: RecyclerView, private val listener: StickyHeaderInterface) : RecyclerView.ItemDecoration() {

private val headerContainer = FrameLayout(recyclerView.context)
private var stickyHeaderHeight: Int = 0
private var currentHeader: View? = null
private var currentHeaderPosition = 0

init {
    val layout = RelativeLayout(recyclerView.context)
    val params = recyclerView.layoutParams
    val parent = recyclerView.parent as ViewGroup
    val index = parent.indexOfChild(recyclerView)
    parent.addView(layout, index, params)
    parent.removeView(recyclerView)
    layout.addView(recyclerView, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
    layout.addView(headerContainer, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
}

override fun onDrawOver(c: Canvas, parent: RecyclerView, state: RecyclerView.State) {
    super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state)

    val topChild = parent.getChildAt(0) ?: return

    val topChildPosition = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(topChild)
    if (topChildPosition == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION) {
        return
    }

    val currentHeader = getHeaderViewForItem(topChildPosition, parent)
    fixLayoutSize(parent, currentHeader)
    val contactPoint = currentHeader.bottom
    val childInContact = getChildInContact(parent, contactPoint) ?: return

    val nextPosition = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(childInContact)
    if (listener.isHeader(nextPosition)) {
        moveHeader(currentHeader, childInContact, topChildPosition, nextPosition)
        return
    }

    drawHeader(currentHeader, topChildPosition)
}

private fun getHeaderViewForItem(itemPosition: Int, parent: RecyclerView): View {
    val headerPosition = listener.getHeaderPositionForItem(itemPosition)
    val layoutResId = listener.getHeaderLayout(headerPosition)
    val header = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(layoutResId, parent, false)
    listener.bindHeaderData(header, headerPosition)
    return header
}

private fun drawHeader(header: View, position: Int) {
    headerContainer.layoutParams.height = stickyHeaderHeight
    setCurrentHeader(header, position)
}

private fun moveHeader(currentHead: View, nextHead: View, currentPos: Int, nextPos: Int) {
    val marginTop = nextHead.top - currentHead.height
    if (currentHeaderPosition == nextPos && currentPos != nextPos) setCurrentHeader(currentHead, currentPos)

    val params = currentHeader?.layoutParams as? MarginLayoutParams ?: return
    params.setMargins(0, marginTop, 0, 0)
    currentHeader?.layoutParams = params

    headerContainer.layoutParams.height = stickyHeaderHeight + marginTop
}

private fun setCurrentHeader(header: View, position: Int) {
    currentHeader = header
    currentHeaderPosition = position
    headerContainer.removeAllViews()
    headerContainer.addView(currentHeader)
}

private fun getChildInContact(parent: RecyclerView, contactPoint: Int): View? =
        (0 until parent.childCount)
            .map { parent.getChildAt(it) }
            .firstOrNull { it.bottom > contactPoint && it.top <= contactPoint }

private fun fixLayoutSize(parent: ViewGroup, view: View) {

    val widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.width, View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)
    val heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.height, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)

    val childWidthSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(widthSpec,
            parent.paddingLeft + parent.paddingRight,
            view.layoutParams.width)
    val childHeightSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(heightSpec,
            parent.paddingTop + parent.paddingBottom,
            view.layoutParams.height)

    view.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec)

    stickyHeaderHeight = view.measuredHeight
    view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, stickyHeaderHeight)
}

interface StickyHeaderInterface {

    fun getHeaderPositionForItem(itemPosition: Int): Int

    fun getHeaderLayout(headerPosition: Int): Int

    fun bindHeaderData(header: View, headerPosition: Int)

    fun isHeader(itemPosition: Int): Boolean
}
}

...这是StickyHeaderInterface的实现（我是直接在回收站适配器中实现的）：

override fun getHeaderPositionForItem(itemPosition: Int): Int =
    (itemPosition downTo 0)
        .map { Pair(isHeader(it), it) }
        .firstOrNull { it.first }?.second ?: RecyclerView.NO_POSITION

override fun getHeaderLayout(headerPosition: Int): Int {
    /* ... 
      return something like R.layout.view_header
      or add conditions if you have different headers on different positions
    ... */
}

override fun bindHeaderData(header: View, headerPosition: Int) {
    if (headerPosition == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION) header.layoutParams.height = 0
    else /* ...
      here you get your header and can change some data on it
    ... */
}

override fun isHeader(itemPosition: Int): Boolean {
    /* ...
      here have to be condition for checking - is item on this position header
    ... */
}

因此，在这种情况下，标题不仅是在画布上绘制，而且还具有选择器或波纹，单击侦听器等视图。

对于已经有解决闪烁/闪烁问题的人DividerItemDecoration。我似乎已经解决了这个问题：

override fun onDrawOver(...)
    {
        //code from before

       //do NOT return on null
        val childInContact = getChildInContact(recyclerView, currentHeader.bottom)
        //add null check
        if (childInContact != null && mHeaderListener.isHeader(recyclerView.getChildAdapterPosition(childInContact)))
        {
            moveHeader(...)
            return
        }
    drawHeader(...)
}

这似乎正在工作，但有人可以确认我没有破坏其他任何东西吗？

您可以StickyHeaderHelper在我的FlexibleAdapter项目中检查并采用该类的实现，并使其适应您的用例。

但是，我建议使用该库，因为它可以简化和重新组织您通常为RecyclerView实施适配器的方式：不要重新发明轮子。

我还要说的是，不要使用Decorator或不推荐使用的库，也不要使用只做一件事或三件事的库，您将不得不自己合并其他库的实现。

另一个基于滚动侦听器的解决方案。初始条件与Sevastyan答案中的相同

RecyclerView recyclerView;
TextView tvTitle; //sticky header view

//... onCreate, initialize, etc...

public void bindList(List<Item> items) { //All data in adapter. Item - just interface for different item types
    adapter = new YourAdapter(items);
    recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    StickyHeaderViewManager<HeaderItem> stickyHeaderViewManager = new StickyHeaderViewManager<>(
            tvTitle,
            recyclerView,
            HeaderItem.class, //HeaderItem - subclass of Item, used to detect headers in list
            data -> { // bind function for sticky header view
                tvTitle.setText(data.getTitle());
            });
    stickyHeaderViewManager.attach(items);
}

ViewHolder和粘性标头的布局。

item_header.xml

<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/tv_title"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

RecyclerView的布局

<FrameLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

    <!--it can be any view, but order important, draw over recyclerView-->
    <include
        layout="@layout/item_header"/>

</FrameLayout>

HeaderItem的类。

public class HeaderItem implements Item {

    private String title;

    public HeaderItem(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

}

都用了 适配器，ViewHolder和其他东西的实现对我们来说并不有趣。

public class StickyHeaderViewManager<T> {

    @Nonnull
    private View headerView;

    @Nonnull
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;

    @Nonnull
    private StickyHeaderViewWrapper<T> viewWrapper;

    @Nonnull
    private Class<T> headerDataClass;

    private List<?> items;

    public StickyHeaderViewManager(@Nonnull View headerView,
                                   @Nonnull RecyclerView recyclerView,
                                   @Nonnull Class<T> headerDataClass,
                                   @Nonnull StickyHeaderViewWrapper<T> viewWrapper) {
        this.headerView = headerView;
        this.viewWrapper = viewWrapper;
        this.recyclerView = recyclerView;
        this.headerDataClass = headerDataClass;
    }

    public void attach(@Nonnull List<?> items) {
        this.items = items;
        if (ViewCompat.isLaidOut(headerView)) {
            bindHeader(recyclerView);
        } else {
            headerView.post(() -> bindHeader(recyclerView));
        }

        recyclerView.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {

            @Override
            public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {
                super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);
                bindHeader(recyclerView);
            }
        });
    }

    private void bindHeader(RecyclerView recyclerView) {
        if (items.isEmpty()) {
            headerView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            return;
        } else {
            headerView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }

        View topView = recyclerView.getChildAt(0);
        if (topView == null) {
            return;
        }
        int topPosition = recyclerView.getChildAdapterPosition(topView);
        if (!isValidPosition(topPosition)) {
            return;
        }
        if (topPosition == 0 && topView.getTop() == recyclerView.getTop()) {
            headerView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            return;
        } else {
            headerView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }

        T stickyItem;
        Object firstItem = items.get(topPosition);
        if (headerDataClass.isInstance(firstItem)) {
            stickyItem = headerDataClass.cast(firstItem);
            headerView.setTranslationY(0);
        } else {
            stickyItem = findNearestHeader(topPosition);
            int secondPosition = topPosition + 1;
            if (isValidPosition(secondPosition)) {
                Object secondItem = items.get(secondPosition);
                if (headerDataClass.isInstance(secondItem)) {
                    View secondView = recyclerView.getChildAt(1);
                    if (secondView != null) {
                        moveViewFor(secondView);
                    }
                } else {
                    headerView.setTranslationY(0);
                }
            }
        }

        if (stickyItem != null) {
            viewWrapper.bindView(stickyItem);
        }
    }

    private void moveViewFor(View secondView) {
        if (secondView.getTop() <= headerView.getBottom()) {
            headerView.setTranslationY(secondView.getTop() - headerView.getHeight());
        } else {
            headerView.setTranslationY(0);
        }
    }

    private T findNearestHeader(int position) {
        for (int i = position; position >= 0; i--) {
            Object item = items.get(i);
            if (headerDataClass.isInstance(item)) {
                return headerDataClass.cast(item);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private boolean isValidPosition(int position) {
        return !(position == RecyclerView.NO_POSITION || position >= items.size());
    }
}

绑定头视图的接口。

public interface StickyHeaderViewWrapper<T> {

    void bindView(T data);
}

，

如果您只想要一种类型的支架棒，当它离开屏幕时（我们不在乎任何部分），这就是您要执行的操作。在不破坏回收项目的内部RecyclerView逻辑的情况下，只有一种方法是在recyclerView的标头项目之上添加其他视图并将数据传递到其中。我让代码讲。

import android.graphics.Canvas
import android.graphics.Rect
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.ViewGroup
import androidx.annotation.LayoutRes
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView

class StickyHeaderItemDecoration(@LayoutRes private val headerId: Int, private val HEADER_TYPE: Int) : RecyclerView.ItemDecoration() {

private lateinit var stickyHeaderView: View
private lateinit var headerView: View

private var sticked = false

// executes on each bind and sets the stickyHeaderView
override fun getItemOffsets(outRect: Rect, view: View, parent: RecyclerView, state: RecyclerView.State) {
    super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state)

    val position = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view)

    val adapter = parent.adapter ?: return
    val viewType = adapter.getItemViewType(position)

    if (viewType == HEADER_TYPE) {
        headerView = view
    }
}

override fun onDrawOver(c: Canvas, parent: RecyclerView, state: RecyclerView.State) {
    super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state)
    if (::headerView.isInitialized) {

        if (headerView.y <= 0 && !sticked) {
            stickyHeaderView = createHeaderView(parent)
            fixLayoutSize(parent, stickyHeaderView)
            sticked = true
        }

        if (headerView.y > 0 && sticked) {
            sticked = false
        }

        if (sticked) {
            drawStickedHeader(c)
        }
    }
}

private fun createHeaderView(parent: RecyclerView) = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(headerId, parent, false)

private fun drawStickedHeader(c: Canvas) {
    c.save()
    c.translate(0f, Math.max(0f, stickyHeaderView.top.toFloat() - stickyHeaderView.height.toFloat()))
    headerView.draw(c)
    c.restore()
}

private fun fixLayoutSize(parent: ViewGroup, view: View) {

    // Specs for parent (RecyclerView)
    val widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.width, View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)
    val heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(parent.height, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)

    // Specs for children (headers)
    val childWidthSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(widthSpec, parent.paddingLeft + parent.paddingRight, view.getLayoutParams().width)
    val childHeightSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(heightSpec, parent.paddingTop + parent.paddingBottom, view.getLayoutParams().height)

    view.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec)

    view.layout(0, 0, view.measuredWidth, view.measuredHeight)
}

}

然后，您只需在适配器中执行此操作：

override fun onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView: RecyclerView) {
    super.onAttachedToRecyclerView(recyclerView)
    recyclerView.addItemDecoration(StickyHeaderItemDecoration(R.layout.item_time_filter, YOUR_STICKY_VIEW_HOLDER_TYPE))
}

其中YOUR_STICKY_VIEW_HOLDER_TYPE是应该是粘性持有人的viewType。

对于那些可能会关心的人。根据Sevastyan的答案，是否要使其水平滚动。只要所有的改变getBottom()来getRight()和getTop()到getLeft()

答案已经在这里。如果您不想使用任何库，可以按照以下步骤操作：

1. 按名称对列表进行排序
2. 通过列表与数据进行迭代，并在当前项的第一个字母=下一个项的第一个字母到位时，插入“特殊”类型的对象。
3. 当项目为“特殊”时，在适配器内部放置特殊视图。

说明：

在onCreateViewHolder方法中，我们可以检查viewType并根据值（我们的“特殊”种类）填充特殊布局。

例如：

public static final int TITLE = 0;
public static final int ITEM = 1;

@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    if (context == null) {
        context = parent.getContext();
    }
    if (viewType == TITLE) {
        view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.recycler_adapter_title, parent,false);
        return new TitleElement(view);
    } else if (viewType == ITEM) {
        view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.recycler_adapter_item, parent,false);
        return new ItemElement(view);
    }
    return null;
}

在哪里class ItemElement，class TitleElement看起来像普通的ViewHolder：

public class ItemElement extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
//TextView text;

public ItemElement(View view) {
    super(view);
   //text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text);

}

因此，所有这些想法都很有趣。但是我很想知道它是否有效，因为我们需要对数据列表进行排序。而且我认为这会降低速度。如果对此有任何想法，请给我写信:)

还有一个悬而未决的问题：当物品回收时，如何在顶部保持“特殊”布局。也许将所有这些与结合起来CoordinatorLayout。