Answers:
如果在64位Windows上的32位.NET Framework 2.0中运行,IntPtr.Size将不会返回正确的值(它将返回32位)。
正如Microsoft的Raymond Chen所描述的,您必须首先检查是否在64位进程中运行(我认为在.NET中,您可以通过检查IntPtr.Size来执行此操作),如果您正在32位进程中运行,则仍然必须调用Win API函数IsWow64Process。如果返回true,则说明您正在64位Windows上以32位进程运行。
Microsoft的Raymond Chen: 如何以编程方式检测您是否在64位Windows上运行
我的解决方案:
static bool is64BitProcess = (IntPtr.Size == 8);
static bool is64BitOperatingSystem = is64BitProcess || InternalCheckIsWow64();
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool IsWow64Process(
[In] IntPtr hProcess,
[Out] out bool wow64Process
);
public static bool InternalCheckIsWow64()
{
if ((Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major == 5 && Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor >= 1) ||
Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6)
{
using (Process p = Process.GetCurrentProcess())
{
bool retVal;
if (!IsWow64Process(p.Handle, out retVal))
{
return false;
}
return retVal;
}
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
System.Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem
。您可以将其编辑为答案,还是允许我将其编辑为答案?
.NET 4在Environment类中具有两个新属性,即Is64BitProcess和Is64BitOperatingSystem。有趣的是,如果使用Reflector,则可以看到它们在mscorlib的32位和64位版本中的实现方式有所不同。32位版本的Is64BitProcess返回false,并通过P / Invoke为Is64BitOperatingSystem调用IsWow64Process。64位版本仅对两者返回true。
if (IntPtr.Size == 8) return true; if(!DoesWin32MethodExist(...,"IsWow64Process")) return false; return IsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess());
伪代码)
Is64BitProcess
和Is64BitOperatingSystem
(2.0版链接)。
如果您使用的是.NET Framework 4.0,则很简单:
Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem
请参见Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem属性(MSDN)。
这只是Bruno Lopez上面建议的实现,但是可以在Win2k和所有WinXP Service Pack上使用。只是觉得我会张贴它,所以其他人不必手动滚动它。(本来可以发表评论,但我是新用户!)
[DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
public extern static IntPtr LoadLibrary(string libraryName);
[DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
public extern static IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hwnd, string procedureName);
private delegate bool IsWow64ProcessDelegate([In] IntPtr handle, [Out] out bool isWow64Process);
public static bool IsOS64Bit()
{
if (IntPtr.Size == 8 || (IntPtr.Size == 4 && Is32BitProcessOn64BitProcessor()))
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
private static IsWow64ProcessDelegate GetIsWow64ProcessDelegate()
{
IntPtr handle = LoadLibrary("kernel32");
if ( handle != IntPtr.Zero)
{
IntPtr fnPtr = GetProcAddress(handle, "IsWow64Process");
if (fnPtr != IntPtr.Zero)
{
return (IsWow64ProcessDelegate)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer((IntPtr)fnPtr, typeof(IsWow64ProcessDelegate));
}
}
return null;
}
private static bool Is32BitProcessOn64BitProcessor()
{
IsWow64ProcessDelegate fnDelegate = GetIsWow64ProcessDelegate();
if (fnDelegate == null)
{
return false;
}
bool isWow64;
bool retVal = fnDelegate.Invoke(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, out isWow64);
if (retVal == false)
{
return false;
}
return isWow64;
}
完整答案是这样的(摘自stefan-mg,ripper234和BobbyShaftoe的答案):
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool IsWow64Process([In] IntPtr hProcess, [Out] out bool lpSystemInfo);
private bool Is64Bit()
{
if (IntPtr.Size == 8 || (IntPtr.Size == 4 && Is32BitProcessOn64BitProcessor()))
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
private bool Is32BitProcessOn64BitProcessor()
{
bool retVal;
IsWow64Process(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, out retVal);
return retVal;
}
首先检查您是否在64位进程中。如果不是,请检查32位进程是否为Wow64Process。
Microsoft为此提供了一个代码示例:
http://1code.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/39074#842775
看起来像这样:
/// <summary>
/// The function determines whether the current operating system is a
/// 64-bit operating system.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// The function returns true if the operating system is 64-bit;
/// otherwise, it returns false.
/// </returns>
public static bool Is64BitOperatingSystem()
{
if (IntPtr.Size == 8) // 64-bit programs run only on Win64
{
return true;
}
else // 32-bit programs run on both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows
{
// Detect whether the current process is a 32-bit process
// running on a 64-bit system.
bool flag;
return ((DoesWin32MethodExist("kernel32.dll", "IsWow64Process") &&
IsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(), out flag)) && flag);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// The function determins whether a method exists in the export
/// table of a certain module.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="moduleName">The name of the module</param>
/// <param name="methodName">The name of the method</param>
/// <returns>
/// The function returns true if the method specified by methodName
/// exists in the export table of the module specified by moduleName.
/// </returns>
static bool DoesWin32MethodExist(string moduleName, string methodName)
{
IntPtr moduleHandle = GetModuleHandle(moduleName);
if (moduleHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
{
return false;
}
return (GetProcAddress(moduleHandle, methodName) != IntPtr.Zero);
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string moduleName);
[DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]string procName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool IsWow64Process(IntPtr hProcess, out bool wow64Process);
还有一个WMI版本可用(用于测试远程计算机)。
您也可以检查PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE
环境变量。
它不存在,或在32位Windows上设置为“ x86”。
private int GetOSArchitecture()
{
string pa =
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE");
return ((String.IsNullOrEmpty(pa) ||
String.Compare(pa, 0, "x86", 0, 3, true) == 0) ? 32 : 64);
}
prefer 32-bit
与Any CPU
为您Platform Target
那么你会得到x86
,但如果不勾选Prefer 32-bit
它,你会再拿到AMD64
。
来自袁咏仪博客
C#.Net 4.0引入了两个新的环境属性Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem; Environment.Is64BitProcess;
同时使用这两个属性时,请小心。在Windows 7 64位计算机上测试
//Workspace: Target Platform x86
Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem True
Environment.Is64BitProcess False
//Workspace: Target Platform x64
Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem True
Environment.Is64BitProcess True
//Workspace: Target Platform Any
Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem True
Environment.Is64BitProcess True
最快的方法:
if(IntPtr.Size == 8) {
// 64 bit machine
} else if(IntPtr.Size == 4) {
// 32 bit machine
}
注意:这是非常直接的,只有在程序不强制将32位进程强制执行时(例如,通过<Prefer32Bit>true</Prefer32Bit>
项目设置),才能在64位上正确运行。
@foobar:你是对的,这太容易了;)
在99%的情况下,系统管理员背景薄弱的开发人员最终都无法意识到Microsoft一直为任何人枚举Windows所提供的功能。
在这种情况下,系统管理员将始终编写更好,更简单的代码。
尽管如此,需要注意的一件事是,此环境变量的构建配置必须是AnyCPU才能在正确的系统上返回正确的值:
System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE")
在32位Windows上将返回“ X86”,在64位Windows上将返回“ AMD64”。
使用dotPeek有助于查看框架的实际效果。考虑到这一点,我想出了以下几点:
public static class EnvironmentHelper
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string moduleName);
[DllImport("kernel32")]
static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string procName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern bool IsWow64Process(IntPtr hProcess, out bool wow64Process);
public static bool Is64BitOperatingSystem()
{
// Check if this process is natively an x64 process. If it is, it will only run on x64 environments, thus, the environment must be x64.
if (IntPtr.Size == 8)
return true;
// Check if this process is an x86 process running on an x64 environment.
IntPtr moduleHandle = GetModuleHandle("kernel32");
if (moduleHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
{
IntPtr processAddress = GetProcAddress(moduleHandle, "IsWow64Process");
if (processAddress != IntPtr.Zero)
{
bool result;
if (IsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(), out result) && result)
return true;
}
}
// The environment must be an x86 environment.
return false;
}
}
用法示例:
EnvironmentHelper.Is64BitOperatingSystem();
使用以下两个环境变量(伪代码):
if (PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86 &&
isDefined(PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432) &&
PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432 = AMD64) {
//64 bit OS
}
else
if (PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = AMD64) {
//64 bit OS
}
else
if (PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE = x86) {
//32 bit OS
}
请参阅博客文章HOWTO:检测进程位。
我在许多操作系统上成功使用了此检查:
private bool Is64BitSystem
{
get
{
return Directory.Exists(Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(@"%windir%\SysWOW64"));
}
}
不管操作系统使用哪种语言,该文件夹始终被命名为“ SysWOW64”。适用于.NET Framework 1.1或更高版本。
SysWOW64
在%windir%
上调用的文件夹?文件夹的存在恰恰意味着:该文件夹存在。
我需要这样做,但是我还需要能够以管理员身份远程执行此操作,无论哪种情况,这对我来说似乎都很好:
public static bool is64bit(String host)
{
using (var reg = RegistryKey.OpenRemoteBaseKey(RegistryHive.LocalMachine, host))
using (var key = reg.OpenSubKey(@"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\"))
{
return key.GetValue("ProgramFilesDir (x86)") !=null;
}
}
这是基于Microsoft代码的解决方案,位于http://1code.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/39074#842775。它使用扩展方法来简化代码重用。
一些可能的用法如下所示:
bool bIs64BitOS = System.Environment.OSVersion.IsWin64BitOS();
bool bIs64BitProc = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().Is64BitProc();
//Hosts the extension methods
public static class OSHelperTools
{
/// <summary>
/// The function determines whether the current operating system is a
/// 64-bit operating system.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// The function returns true if the operating system is 64-bit;
/// otherwise, it returns false.
/// </returns>
public static bool IsWin64BitOS(this OperatingSystem os)
{
if (IntPtr.Size == 8)
// 64-bit programs run only on Win64
return true;
else// 32-bit programs run on both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows
{ // Detect whether the current process is a 32-bit process
// running on a 64-bit system.
return Process.GetCurrentProcess().Is64BitProc();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Checks if the process is 64 bit
/// </summary>
/// <param name="os"></param>
/// <returns>
/// The function returns true if the process is 64-bit;
/// otherwise, it returns false.
/// </returns>
public static bool Is64BitProc(this System.Diagnostics.Process p)
{
// 32-bit programs run on both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows
// Detect whether the current process is a 32-bit process
// running on a 64-bit system.
bool result;
return ((DoesWin32MethodExist("kernel32.dll", "IsWow64Process") && IsWow64Process(p.Handle, out result)) && result);
}
/// <summary>
/// The function determins whether a method exists in the export
/// table of a certain module.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="moduleName">The name of the module</param>
/// <param name="methodName">The name of the method</param>
/// <returns>
/// The function returns true if the method specified by methodName
/// exists in the export table of the module specified by moduleName.
/// </returns>
static bool DoesWin32MethodExist(string moduleName, string methodName)
{
IntPtr moduleHandle = GetModuleHandle(moduleName);
if (moduleHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return false;
return (GetProcAddress(moduleHandle, methodName) != IntPtr.Zero);
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string moduleName);
[DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]string procName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool IsWow64Process(IntPtr hProcess, out bool wow64Process);
}
这是此页中使用DllImport的C#直接方法。
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool IsWow64Process([In] IntPtr hProcess, [Out] out bool lpSystemInfo);
public static bool Is64Bit()
{
bool retVal;
IsWow64Process(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, out retVal);
return retVal;
}
IsWow64Process
不存在,因此也会在较旧的操作系统上崩溃。
我正在使用followin代码。注意:它是为AnyCPU项目制作的。
public static bool Is32bitProcess(Process proc) {
if (!IsThis64bitProcess()) return true; // We're in 32-bit mode, so all are 32-bit.
foreach (ProcessModule module in proc.Modules) {
try {
string fname = Path.GetFileName(module.FileName).ToLowerInvariant();
if (fname.Contains("wow64")) {
return true;
}
} catch {
// What on earth is going on here?
}
}
return false;
}
public static bool Is64bitProcess(Process proc) {
return !Is32bitProcess(proc);
}
public static bool IsThis64bitProcess() {
return (IntPtr.Size == 8);
}
我发现这是检查系统平台和过程的最佳方法:
bool 64BitSystem = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;
bool 64BitProcess = Environment.Is64BitProcess;
第一个属性对于64位系统返回true,对于32位返回false。第二个属性对于64位进程返回true,对于32位返回false。
这两个属性的需要是因为您可以在64位系统上运行32位进程,因此需要同时检查系统和进程。
这是Windows管理规范(WMI)的方法:
string _osVersion = "";
string _osServicePack = "";
string _osArchitecture = "";
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_OperatingSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get();
foreach (ManagementObject mbo in collection)
{
_osVersion = mbo.GetPropertyValue("Caption").ToString();
_osServicePack = string.Format("{0}.{1}", mbo.GetPropertyValue("ServicePackMajorVersion").ToString(), mbo.GetPropertyValue("ServicePackMinorVersion").ToString());
try
{
_osArchitecture = mbo.GetPropertyValue("OSArchitecture").ToString();
}
catch
{
// OSArchitecture only supported on Windows 7/Windows Server 2008
}
}
Console.WriteLine("osVersion : " + _osVersion);
Console.WriteLine("osServicePack : " + _osServicePack);
Console.WriteLine("osArchitecture: " + _osArchitecture);
/////////////////////////////////////////
// Test on Windows 7 64-bit
//
// osVersion : Microsoft Windows 7 Professional
// osservicePack : 1.0
// osArchitecture: 64-bit
/////////////////////////////////////////
// Test on Windows Server 2008 64-bit
// --The extra r's come from the registered trademark
//
// osVersion : Microsoftr Windows Serverr 2008 Standard
// osServicePack : 1.0
// osArchitecture: 64-bit
/////////////////////////////////////////
// Test on Windows Server 2003 32-bit
// --OSArchitecture property not supported on W2K3
//
// osVersion : Microsoft(R) Windows(R) Server 2003, Standard Edition
// osServicePack : 2.0
// osArchitecture:
OSInfo.Bits
using System;
namespace CSharp411
{
class Program
{
static void Main( string[] args )
{
Console.WriteLine( "Operation System Information" );
Console.WriteLine( "----------------------------" );
Console.WriteLine( "Name = {0}", OSInfo.Name );
Console.WriteLine( "Edition = {0}", OSInfo.Edition );
Console.WriteLine( "Service Pack = {0}", OSInfo.ServicePack );
Console.WriteLine( "Version = {0}", OSInfo.VersionString );
Console.WriteLine( "Bits = {0}", OSInfo.Bits );
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
在您的项目的类中包含以下代码:
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool IsWow64Process([In] IntPtr hProcess, [Out] out bool wow64Process);
public static int GetBit()
{
int MethodResult = "";
try
{
int Architecture = 32;
if ((Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major == 5 && Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor >= 1) || Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6)
{
using (Process p = Process.GetCurrentProcess())
{
bool Is64Bit;
if (IsWow64Process(p.Handle, out Is64Bit))
{
if (Is64Bit)
{
Architecture = 64;
}
}
}
}
MethodResult = Architecture;
}
catch //(Exception ex)
{
//ex.HandleException();
}
return MethodResult;
}
像这样使用它:
string Architecture = "This is a " + GetBit() + "bit machine";
使用它来获取已安装的Windows体系结构:
string getOSArchitecture()
{
string architectureStr;
if (Directory.Exists(Environment.GetFolderPath(
Environment.SpecialFolder.ProgramFilesX86))) {
architectureStr ="64-bit";
}
else {
architectureStr = "32-bit";
}
return architectureStr;
}
鉴于公认的答案非常复杂。有更简单的方法。我的是亚历山大·阿杜斯(Alexandrudicu)的作品的变体。假设64位Windows在程序文件(x86)中安装了32位应用程序,则可以使用环境变量检查该文件夹是否存在(以弥补不同的本地化)
例如
private bool Is64BitSystem
{
get
{
return Directory.Exists(Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(@"%PROGRAMFILES(X86)%"));
}
}
对我来说这是更快,更简单的。鉴于我也希望基于操作系统版本访问该文件夹下的特定路径。
只要看看是否存在“ C:\ Program Files(x86)”即可。如果不是,则您使用的是32位操作系统。如果支持,则操作系统为64位(Windows Vista或Windows 7)。看起来很简单...
我用:
Dim drivelet As String = Application.StartupPath.ToString
If Directory.Exists(drivelet(0) & ":\Program Files (x86)") Then
MsgBox("64bit")
Else
MsgBox("32bit")
End if
如果您将应用程序安装在计算机上的各个位置,这将获得启动应用程序的路径。另外,您可以直接执行常规操作,C:\
因为99.9%的计算机都安装了Windows C:\
。
我使用以下版本:
public static bool Is64BitSystem()
{
if (Directory.Exists(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("Program Files (x86)"))) return true;
else return false;
}