如何更改UIStackView的背景颜色？

我试图UIStackView在Storyboard检查器中将背景从透明更改为白色，但是在模拟时，堆栈视图的背景颜色仍然具有清晰的颜色。
如何更改的背景颜色UIStackView？

您不能执行此操作– UIStackView是非绘图视图，这意味着drawRect()从不调用该视图， 并且其背景颜色将被忽略。如果您非常需要背景颜色，请考虑将堆栈视图放置在另一个视图中UIView，并为该视图提供背景颜色。

参考从这里。

编辑：

您可以在此处或下面的答案中（如下）将subView添加到其中UIStackView，并为其分配颜色。请查看以下内容：extension

extension UIStackView {
    func addBackground(color: UIColor) {
        let subView = UIView(frame: bounds)
        subView.backgroundColor = color
        subView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
        insertSubview(subView, at: 0)
    }
}

您可以像这样使用它：

stackView.addBackground(color: .red)

我这样做是这样的：

@IBDesignable
class StackView: UIStackView {
   @IBInspectable private var color: UIColor?
    override var backgroundColor: UIColor? {
        get { return color }
        set {
            color = newValue
            self.setNeedsLayout() // EDIT 2017-02-03 thank you @BruceLiu
        }
    }

    private lazy var backgroundLayer: CAShapeLayer = {
        let layer = CAShapeLayer()
        self.layer.insertSublayer(layer, at: 0)
        return layer
    }()
    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        backgroundLayer.path = UIBezierPath(rect: self.bounds).cgPath
        backgroundLayer.fillColor = self.backgroundColor?.cgColor
    }
}

奇迹般有效

UIStackView是一个非渲染元素，因此不会在屏幕上绘制。这意味着更改backgroundColor本质上没有任何作用。如果要更改背景颜色，只需将其添加UIView为子视图（未排列），如下所示：

extension UIStackView {

    func addBackground(color: UIColor) {
        let subview = UIView(frame: bounds)
        subview.backgroundColor = color
        subview.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
        insertSubview(subview, at: 0)
    }

}

也许最简单，更易读，更不容易破解的方法是将嵌入UIStackView到UIView并将背景颜色设置为视图。

并且不要忘记在这两个视图之间正确配置自动布局约束…;-)

Pitiphong是正确的，要获取具有背景色的stackview，请执行以下操作...

  let bg = UIView(frame: stackView.bounds)
  bg.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
  bg.backgroundColor = UIColor.red

  stackView.insertSubview(bg, at: 0)

这将为您提供一个stackview，其内容将放置在红色背景上。

要将填充添加到stackview中，以使内容不与边缘齐平，请在代码中或故事板上添加以下内容...

  stackView.isLayoutMarginsRelativeArrangement = true
  stackView.layoutMargins = UIEdgeInsets(top: 8, left: 8, bottom: 8, right: 8)

TL; DR：执行此操作的官方方法是使用addSubview:方法将一个空视图添加到堆栈视图中，并设置添加的视图背景。

说明：UIStackView是一个特殊的UIView子类，仅执行布局而不绘制。因此，它的许多属性将无法正常工作。而且由于UIStackView将仅布局其排列的子视图，所以这意味着您可以简单地使用addSubview:方法添加UIView ，设置其约束和背景色。这是实现WWDC会话中引用的官方方法

这适用于Swift 3和iOS 10：

let stackView = UIStackView()
let subView = UIView()
subView.backgroundColor = .red
subView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackView.addSubview(subView) // Important: addSubview() not addArrangedSubview()

// use whatever constraint method you like to 
// constrain subView to the size of stackView.
subView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.topAnchor).isActive = true
subView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
subView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.leftAnchor).isActive = true
subView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.rightAnchor).isActive = true

// now add your arranged subViews...
stackView.addArrangedSubview(button1)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(button2)

在iOS10中，@ Arbitur的答案在设置颜色后需要setNeedsLayout。这是需要进行的更改：

override var backgroundColor: UIColor? {
    get { return color }
    set { 
        color = newValue
        setNeedsLayout()
    }
}

这是添加堆栈视图背景颜色的简要概述。

class RevealViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet private weak var rootStackView: UIStackView!

创建带有圆角的背景视图

private lazy var backgroundView: UIView = {
    let view = UIView()
    view.backgroundColor = .purple
    view.layer.cornerRadius = 10.0
    return view
}()

为了使其显示为背景，我们将其添加到根堆栈视图的subviews数组中的索引0。这将其置于堆栈视图的排列视图之后。

private func pinBackground(_ view: UIView, to stackView: UIStackView) {
    view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    stackView.insertSubview(view, at: 0)
    view.pin(to: stackView)
}

通过在UIView上使用一个小的扩展，添加约束以将backgroundView固定到堆栈视图的边缘。

public extension UIView {
  public func pin(to view: UIView) {
    NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
      leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor),
      trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor),
      topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor),
      bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor)
      ])
  }
}

调用pinBackground从viewDidLoad

override func viewDidLoad() {
  super.viewDidLoad()
  pinBackground(backgroundView, to: rootStackView)
}

参考来自：这里

您可以对 UIStackView

extension UIStackView {
    func setBackgroundColor(_ color: UIColor) {
        let backgroundView = UIView(frame: .zero)
        backgroundView.backgroundColor = color
        backgroundView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        self.insertSubview(backgroundView, at: 0)
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            backgroundView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.topAnchor),
            backgroundView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leadingAnchor),
            backgroundView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.bottomAnchor),
            backgroundView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.trailingAnchor)
            ])
    }
}

用法：

yourStackView.setBackgroundColor(.black)

Xamarin，C＃版本：

var stackView = new UIStackView { Axis = UILayoutConstraintAxis.Vertical };

UIView bg = new UIView(stackView.Bounds);
bg.AutoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizing.FlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizing.FlexibleHeight;
bg.BackgroundColor = UIColor.White;
stackView.AddSubview(bg);

UIStackView *stackView;
UIView *stackBkg = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
stackBkg.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
[self.view insertSubview:stackBkg belowSubview:stackView];
stackBkg.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
[[stackBkg.topAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:stackView.topAnchor] setActive:YES];
[[stackBkg.bottomAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:stackView.bottomAnchor] setActive:YES];
[[stackBkg.leftAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:stackView.leftAnchor] setActive:YES];
[[stackBkg.rightAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:stackView.rightAnchor] setActive:YES];

子类UIStackView

class CustomStackView : UIStackView {

private var _bkgColor: UIColor?
override public var backgroundColor: UIColor? {
    get { return _bkgColor }
    set {
        _bkgColor = newValue
        setNeedsLayout()
    }
}

private lazy var backgroundLayer: CAShapeLayer = {
    let layer = CAShapeLayer()
    self.layer.insertSublayer(layer, at: 0)
    return layer
}()

override public func layoutSubviews() {
    super.layoutSubviews()
    backgroundLayer.path = UIBezierPath(rect: self.bounds).cgPath
    backgroundLayer.fillColor = self.backgroundColor?.cgColor
}
}

那你上课

yourStackView.backgroundColor = UIColor.lightGray

您可以在StackView中插入一个子层，它对我有用：

@interface StackView ()
@property (nonatomic, strong, nonnull) CALayer *ly;
@end

@implementation StackView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        _ly = [CALayer new];
        [self.layer addSublayer:_ly];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)setBackgroundColor:(UIColor *)backgroundColor {
    [super setBackgroundColor:backgroundColor];
    self.ly.backgroundColor = backgroundColor.CGColor;
}

- (void)layoutSubviews {
    self.ly.frame = self.bounds;
    [super layoutSubviews];
}

@end

我对子类化UI组件有些怀疑。这就是我的使用方式

struct CustomAttributeNames{
        static var _backgroundView = "_backgroundView"
    }

extension UIStackView{

var backgroundView:UIView {
        get {
            if let view = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &CustomAttributeNames._backgroundView) as? UIView {
                return view
            }
            //Create and add
            let view = UIView(frame: .zero)
            view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
            insertSubview(view, at: 0)
            NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
              view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.topAnchor),
              view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leadingAnchor),
              view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.bottomAnchor),
              view.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.trailingAnchor)
            ])

            objc_setAssociatedObject(self,
                                     &CustomAttributeNames._backgroundView,
                                     view,
                                     objc_AssociationPolicy.OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC)

            return view
        }
    }
}

这就是用法

stackView.backgroundView.backgroundColor = .white
stackView.backgroundView.layer.borderWidth = 2.0
stackView.backgroundView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
stackView.backgroundView.layer.cornerRadius = 4.0

注意：使用这种方法时，如果要设置边框，则必须layoutMargins在stackView上进行设置，以使边框可见。

您不能将背景添加到stackview。但是您可以做的是在视图中添加stackview，然后设置视图背景，这将完成工作。*它不会中断stackview的流程。希望这会有所帮助。

我们可以有一个这样的自定义类StackView：

class StackView: UIStackView {
    lazy var backgroundView: UIView = {
        let otherView = UIView()
        addPinedSubview(otherView)
        return otherView
    }()
}

extension UIView {
    func addPinedSubview(_ otherView: UIView) {
        addSubview(otherView)
        otherView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            otherView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: trailingAnchor),
            otherView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: topAnchor),
            otherView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: heightAnchor),
            otherView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: widthAnchor),
        ])
    }
}

可以这样使用：

let stackView = StackView()
stackView.backgroundView.backgroundColor = UIColor.lightGray

这比func addBackground(color: UIColor)其他人建议的扩展功能要好。背景视图是惰性的，因此在实际调用之前不会创建它stackView.backgroundView.backgroundColor = ...。并且多次设置/更改背景颜色不会导致在堆栈视图中插入多个子视图。

如果要从设计器本身进行控制，请将此扩展添加到堆栈视图

 @IBInspectable var customBackgroundColor: UIColor?{
     get{
        return backgroundColor
     }
     set{
        backgroundColor = newValue
         let subview = UIView(frame: bounds)
         subview.backgroundColor = newValue
         subview.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
         insertSubview(subview, at: 0)
     }
 }

您可以这样做：

stackView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue

通过提供扩展以覆盖backgroundColor：

extension UIStackView {

    override open var backgroundColor: UIColor? {

        get {
            return super.backgroundColor
        }

        set {

            super.backgroundColor = newValue

            let tag = -9999
            for view in subviews where view.tag == tag {
                view.removeFromSuperview()
            }

            let subView = UIView()
            subView.tag = tag
            subView.backgroundColor = newValue
            subView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
            self.addSubview(subView)
            subView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.topAnchor).isActive = true
            subView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
            subView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.leftAnchor).isActive = true
            subView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.rightAnchor).isActive = true
        }

    }

}

尝试BoxView。它类似于UIStackView，但是它正在渲染并支持更多的布局选项。