我是Spring Boot的新手,正在尝试了解SpringBoot中的测试工作原理。我对以下两个代码段之间的区别感到困惑:
程式码片段1:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(HelloController.class)
public class HelloControllerApplicationTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@Test
public void getHello() throws Exception {
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Greetings from Spring Boot!")));
}
}
该测试使用了@WebMvcTest
我认为用于功能切片测试的注释,并且仅测试Web应用程序的MVC层。
代码段2:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class HelloControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@Test
public void getHello() throws Exception {
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Greetings from Spring Boot!")));
}
}
此测试使用@SpringBootTest
批注和MockMvc
。那么,这与代码片段1有何不同?这有什么不同?
编辑:添加代码片段3(在Spring文档中找到它作为集成测试的示例)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HelloControllerIT {
@LocalServerPort private int port;
private URL base;
@Autowired private TestRestTemplate template;
@Before public void setUp() throws Exception {
this.base = new URL("http://localhost:" + port + "/");
}
@Test public void getHello() throws Exception {
ResponseEntity < String > response = template.getForEntity(base.toString(), String.class);
assertThat(response.getBody(), equalTo("Greetings from Spring Boot!"));
}
}