现在,我必须下载并安装Android SDK和AVD Manager,然后通过UI安装API和工具。有没有办法使这个过程自动化?
现在,我必须下载并安装Android SDK和AVD Manager,然后通过UI安装API和工具。有没有办法使这个过程自动化?
Answers:
最新版本引入了sdkmanager
,该命令行工具可让您查看,安装,更新和卸载Android SDK的软件包。
该sdkmanager
工具位于Android SDK工具包(25.2.3及更高版本)中,位于android_sdk/tools/bin/
。
sdkmanager [--uninstall] [<common args>] [--package_file <file>] [<packages>...]
sdkmanager --update [<common args>]
sdkmanager --list [<common args>]
sdkmanager --licenses [<common args>]
In its first form, installs, or uninstalls, or updates packages.
By default, the listed packages are installed or (if already installed)
updated to the latest version.
--uninstall: uninstalled listed packages.
<package> is a sdk-style path (e.g. "build-tools;23.0.0" or
"platforms;android-23").
<package-file> is a text file where each line is a sdk-style path
of a package to install or uninstall.
Multiple --package_file arguments may be specified in combination
with explicit paths.
In its second form (with --update), all installed packages are
updated to the latest version.
In its third form, all installed and available packages are printed
out.
In its fourth form (with --licenses), show and offer the option to
accept licenses for all available packages that have not already been
accepted.
Common Arguments:
--sdk_root=<sdkRootPath>: Use the specified SDK root instead of the SDK
containing this tool
--channel=<channelId>: Include packages in channels up to <channelId>.
Common channels are:
0 (Stable), 1 (Beta), 2 (Dev), and 3 (Canary).
--include_obsolete: With --list, show obsolete packages in the
package listing. With --update, update obsolete
packages as well as non-obsolete.
--no_https: Force all connections to use http rather than https.
--proxy=<http | socks>: Connect via a proxy of the given type.
--proxy_host=<IP or DNS address>: IP or DNS address of the proxy to use.
--proxy_port=<port #>: Proxy port to connect to.
* If the env var REPO_OS_OVERRIDE is set to "windows",
"macosx", or "linux", packages will be downloaded for that OS.
因此,要更新运行的软件包
$ sdkmanager --update
接受许可证
$ yes | sdkmanager --licenses
(请注意:不推荐使用android命令!)
您可能更接近自动化:
$ android update sdk --no-ui
android为自动更新提供了以下选项:
Action "update sdk":
Updates the SDK by suggesting new platforms to install if available.
Options:
-f --force Forces replacement of a package or its parts, even if something has been modified
-u --no-ui Updates from command-line (does not display the GUI)
-o --obsolete Installs obsolete packages
-t --filter A filter that limits the update to the specified types of packages in the form of
a comma-separated list of [platform, tool, platform-tool, doc, sample, extra]
-s --no-https Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads
-n --dry-mode Simulates the update but does not download or install anything
如果要列出哪些软件包可用于安装,则可以使用
$ android list sdk
然后您将获得有序的软件包列表,例如
Packages available for installation or update: 9
1- ARM EABI v7a System Image, Android API 15, revision 2
2- Intel x86 Atom System Image, Android API 15, revision 1
3- Android Support, revision 8
4- Google AdMob Ads SDK, revision 6
5- Google Analytics SDK, revision 2
6- Google Play APK Expansion Library, revision 1
7- Google Play Billing Library, revision 2
8- Google Play Licensing Library, revision 2
9- Google Web Driver, revision 2
另外,如果使用此--filter
选项,则可以仅将更新限制为所需的组件
$ android update sdk --filter <component> --no-ui
其中组件是一个或多个
android list sdk
(即1,也称为包索引)或可以是一个或多个特定标识符。例如,如果您只想下载一小组特定的软件包,则可以执行以下操作:
$ android update sdk -u --filter platform-tools,android-16,extra-android-support
并且您将仅获得平台工具,api级别16和支持包jar。如果您仅在构建构建机器,并且必须为下载所有您永远不会使用的额外内容付费,这确实非常方便。
要查看可用选项,例如,可以使用--help。
$ android --help list sdk
Usage:
android [global options] list sdk [action options]
Global options:
-h --help : Help on a specific command.
-v --verbose : Verbose mode, shows errors, warnings and all messages.
--clear-cache: Clear the SDK Manager repository manifest cache.
-s --silent : Silent mode, shows errors only.
Action "list sdk":
Lists remote SDK repository.
Options:
-o --obsolete : Deprecated. Please use --all instead.
-a --all : Lists all available packages (including obsolete and
installed ones)
--proxy-host: HTTP/HTTPS proxy host (overrides settings if defined)
--proxy-port: HTTP/HTTPS proxy port (overrides settings if defined)
-s --no-https : Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads.
-e --extended : Displays extended details on each package
-u --no-ui : Displays list result on console (no GUI) [Default: true]
Error: Ignoring unknown package filter 'tools'
或Error: Ignoring unknown package filter 'android-17'
。
--accept-license
标志。同时,您可以echo "y" | android update sdk --no--ui
这对我不起作用...
echo "y" | android ....
所以我在这里结束了:
expect -c '
set timeout -1 ;
spawn sudo /opt/android-sdk/tools/android update sdk -u;
expect {
"Do you accept the license" { exp_send "y\r" ; exp_continue }
eof
}
'
我用它来安装和更新travis-ci上的sdk
curl --location http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r22.3-linux.tgz | tar -x -z -C $HOME
export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools
( sleep 5 && while [ 1 ]; do sleep 1; echo y; done ) | android update sdk --no-ui --filter platform-tool,android-19,sysimg-19,build-tools-19.0.1
对于仍然在寻找下载所有Android软件包的方法的任何人,我都编写了一个脚本来完成。它将下载所有未废弃的软件包。
#!/binbash
# Install all non-obsolete android sdk packages.
# author: Tai Le Tien (letientai299 at gmail.com)
function install_sdk {
android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$1"
}
function fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices {
# Fetch the sdk list using non-https connections
android list sdk -u -s -a |\
# Filter obsoleted packages
sed '/\(Obsolete\)/d' |\
# Filter to take only the index number of package
sed 's/^[ ]*\([0-9]*\).*/\1/' |\
# Remove the empty lines
sed -n 's/^[^ $]/\0/p'
}
for package_index in $(fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices)
do
echo "====================================================================="
echo "Start to install package: ${package_index}"
echo "====================================================================="
# Auto accept license
echo -e "y" | install_sdk "${package_index}"
echo
echo
done
您也可以在我的Github存储库上看到它
优点:
expect
。缺点:
android
您的路径。在较新的android版本中(例如25.2.5
),我们应该使用sdkmanager(而不是android
命令)
安装软件包的示例:
android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "extras;android;m2repository"
命令以获取所有可用软件包的列表:
android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --verbose --list
此网页列出了SDK工具的下载链接:
这是一个指向开源存储库docker-android的链接,可以在Docker映像中安装android。
您可能还会在以下SO问题中找到答案:自动接受所有SDK许可证很有用。
从Android Plugin for Gradle版本2.2.0开始,缺少的SDK组件会自动下载。
我整理了一个ruby脚本,该脚本下载并安装SDK,而没有提示可能会有所帮助。 https://github.com/ayvazj/andenv
另一个脚本用于下载仅需要的非{obsolute,source,emulator-image,doc}软件包:
#!/bin/bash
set -e
# cd into where tools/android can be found
if [[ -d "$ANDROID_HOME" ]]; then
cd "$ANDROID_HOME"
elif [[ -x "$(dirname "$0")/tools/android" ]]; then
cd "$(dirname "$0")"
else
echo "FAILED: Cannot find ANDROID_HOME/tools/android"
exit 1
fi
android () {
"$(dirname $0)/tools/android" "$@"
}
needed_packages () {
android list sdk -u -s -e \
| grep '^id:' \
| cut -d'"' -f2 \
| grep -v 'source' \
| grep -v 'sys-img' \
| grep -v 'doc' \
| paste -d, -s -
}
main () {
(while : ; do
echo 'y'
sleep 1
done) | android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$(needed_packages)"
}
main
一些部分取自该线程的其他答案。
要sdkmanager.bat --licenses
在Windows上自动删除提示(例如您要通过自动化来构建基础结构),请不要运行它。不要浪费时间试图弄清楚如何使用y
它。我试过了; 失败。
而是-自己运行一次,并注意它会将文件生成到c:\android\android-sdk\licenses
其中(运行的位置c:\android\android-sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat
-安装根目录可能有所不同)。
将这些文件放置在您可以从自动安装脚本中获取的文件中。就个人而言,Ansible是我的毒药,因此:
# Note to future-us:
# These are magical files generated by running `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses`
# This, delightfully, is interactive, and wants to _actually_ read the keyboard buffer.
# That's reputedly possible via SendKeys. I elected to not try that.
# So, instead:
# 1) remote to an instance like a cave-dweller
# 2) run `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses` in a prompt.
# 3) _actually type_ `y` however many godforsaken times you need to.
# 4) meticulously harvest `c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/*` to this task.
# (you don't need the newline that they thoughtfully put before the hash in each file).
- name: set up android licenses by hand
win_lineinfile:
path: c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/{{ item.name }}
line: "{{ item.line }}"
create: true
with_items:
- {name: "android-googletv-license", line: "SOME HASH"}
- {name: "android-sdk-license", line: "SOME OTHER HASH"}
...
我对此也感到沮丧,并构建了一个名为Gradle的插件com.quittle.setup-android-sdk
,该插件将检测并安装所需的东西。它可以在Windows,OSX和Linux上运行,并且如果使用Gradle进行构建,则不需要任何其他依赖项。
如果您有兴趣,可以在这里签出我的文档:https : //github.com/quittle/gradle-setup-android-sdk
对于一个新手Android开发人员,但还是一位经验丰富的Java开发人员,即使您克服了上述所有噩梦,即使知道WHICH依赖关系,也真是令人困惑。我的同事建议我专门使用Android Studio(基于Intellij :-)由于上述噩梦。我听了他的建议。但是我不接受安装的默认设置,而是尝试将其安装在我的软件驱动器中。原来是一场噩梦。SDK对话似乎挂起,根本不直观。这就是为什么我最终来到这里。阅读完以上内容后,我再次尝试了Studio,这次接受了所有默认设置。嘿,PRESTO ...它在没有提示的情况下(即Ctl-Shift-S和SKD)在几次对话中处理了所有SDK依赖项(我猜是核心)。因此,我推荐给新手。这里是布丁下载时的证明:
我下载并安装了sudio 版本:Windows版本: 在此之后,它做了很好的工作:
真诚希望它对您有用!!