使用pip的libxml安装错误

这是我的错误：

(mysite)zjm1126@zjm1126-G41MT-S2:~/zjm_test/mysite$ pip install lxml
Downloading/unpacking lxml
  Running setup.py egg_info for package lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.
    Building without Cython.
    ERROR: /bin/sh: xslt-config: not found

    ** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **

    Using build configuration of libxslt
Installing collected packages: lxml
  Running setup.py install for lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.
    Building without Cython.
    ERROR: /bin/sh: xslt-config: not found

    ** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **

    Using build configuration of libxslt
    building 'lxml.etree' extension
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w
    src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:4: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    Complete output from command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/lxml/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-jOhgvD-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6:
    Building lxml version 2.3.

Building without Cython.

ERROR: /bin/sh: xslt-config: not found



** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **



Using build configuration of libxslt

running install

running build

running build_py

running build_ext

building 'lxml.etree' extension

gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w

src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:4: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录

compilation terminated.

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/lxml/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-jOhgvD-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6 failed with error code 1
Storing complete log in /home/zjm1126/.pip/pip.log

我能做什么？

更新：

(mysite)zjm1126@zjm1126-G41MT-S2:~/zjm_test/mysite$ pip install lxml
Downloading/unpacking lxml
  Running setup.py egg_info for package lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.
    Building without Cython.
    Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
    Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib
Installing collected packages: lxml
  Running setup.py install for lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.
    Building without Cython.
    Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
    Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib
    building 'lxml.etree' extension
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w
    src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:4: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    Complete output from command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/lxml/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-NJw2ws-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6:
    Building lxml version 2.3.

Building without Cython.

Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26

Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib

running install

running build

running build_py

running build_ext

building 'lxml.etree' extension

gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w

src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:4: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录

compilation terminated.

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/lxml/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-NJw2ws-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6 failed with error code 1
Storing complete log in /home/zjm1126/.pip/pip.log

日志：

------------------------------------------------------------
/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/pip run on Thu Mar  3 17:07:27 2011
Downloading/unpacking mysql-python
  Running setup.py egg_info for package mysql-python
    running egg_info
    creating pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info
    writing pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/PKG-INFO
    writing top-level names to pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/top_level.txt
    writing dependency_links to pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
    writing pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/PKG-INFO
    writing top-level names to pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/top_level.txt
    writing dependency_links to pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
    writing manifest file 'pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found
    reading manifest file 'pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
    warning: no files found matching 'MANIFEST'
    warning: no files found matching 'ChangeLog'
    warning: no files found matching 'GPL'
    writing manifest file 'pip-egg-info/MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Installing collected packages: mysql-python
  Running setup.py install for mysql-python
    Running command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/mysql-python/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-XuVIux-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6
    creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building '_mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.6
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,3,'final',0) -D__version__=1.2.3 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/_mysql.o -DBIG_JOINS=1 -fno-strict-aliasing -DUNIV_LINUX -DUNIV_LINUX
    In file included from _mysql.c:29:
    pymemcompat.h:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    Complete output from command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/mysql-python/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-XuVIux-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6:
    running install

running build

running build_py

creating build

creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6

copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6

creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb

creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.6/MySQLdb/constants

running build_ext

building '_mysql' extension

creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.6

gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,3,'final',0) -D__version__=1.2.3 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/_mysql.o -DBIG_JOINS=1 -fno-strict-aliasing -DUNIV_LINUX -DUNIV_LINUX

In file included from _mysql.c:29:

pymemcompat.h:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录

compilation terminated.

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/mysql-python/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-XuVIux-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6 failed with error code 1
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-0.8.1-py2.6.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 130, in main
    self.run(options, args)
  File "/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-0.8.1-py2.6.egg/pip/commands/install.py", line 228, in run
    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options)
  File "/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-0.8.1-py2.6.egg/pip/req.py", line 1043, in install
    requirement.install(install_options, global_options)
  File "/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-0.8.1-py2.6.egg/pip/req.py", line 559, in install
    cwd=self.source_dir, filter_stdout=self._filter_install, show_stdout=False)
  File "/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-0.8.1-py2.6.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 249, in call_subprocess
    % (command_desc, proc.returncode))
InstallationError: Command /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/build/mysql-python/setup.py';execfile(__file__)" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-XuVIux-record/install-record.txt --install-headers /home/zjm1126/zjm_test/mysite/include/site/python2.6 failed with error code 1

**确保已安装libxml2和libxslt的开发包**

从lxml文档中，假设您正在运行基于Debian的发行版：

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev python-dev

对于基于Debian的系统，它应该是足够安装已知的生成依赖python-lxml或者python3-lxml，如

sudo apt-get build-dep python3-lxml

这为我工作：

yum install libxslt-devel libxml2-devel

如果您使用的是Ubuntu / Lubuntu 13.04或Ubuntu 13.10，并且遇到“ / usr / bin / ld：找不到-lz”的问题，则可能还需要安装zlib1g-dev软件包：

sudo apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev

放在一起：

sudo apt-get install -y libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev zlib1g-dev python3-pip
sudo pip3 install lxml

不，您缺少Python头文件。当您使用系统Python时，这通常会在Linux上发生（有理由不这样做，但这是一个不同的问题）。

您可能需要安装一些软件包，它可能称为python-dev或python-devel。

 sudo yum install python-devel

要么

 sudo aptitude install python-dev

或类似的东西。

我通过增加服务器内存来解决此问题。

我只运行512 MB，升级到1 GB时没有问题。

在此之前，我还手动安装了每个软件包，以尝试解决此问题，但是我不确定这是否是必要步骤。

在Windows上 上，在3.3版上尝试手动安装在Python 3.4中时，出现了相同的错误。我终于能够通过安装滚轮并从Python34目录运行pip来解决此问题。

1）从这里下载轮子： http //www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#lxml

2） cd Python34\Scripts

3） pip.exe C:\Users\Home\Downloads\lxml- ......... .whl

只需安装要求：

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev python-dev

现在，您可以使用pip软件包管理工具进行安装：

pip install lxml

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

yum remove audit
yum install gcc
yum install libxslt-devel libxml2-devel

cd lxml-x.x.x
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

我正在使用Ubuntu 14.04，这可以为我解决问题

sudo apt-get build-dep python3-lxml
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev python-dev

STATIC_DEPS=true easy_install lxml

安装lxml二进制文件即可解决问题。检查一下

sudo apt install libxslt-dev libxml2-dev

然后尝试升级python setuptools

pip install -U pip setuptools

这应该解决它。

我在点子安装lxml时遇到了这个问题。我的CentOS实例正在使用python 2.6抛出此错误。

为了解决这个问题，我做了以下操作以在Python 2.7中运行：

1. 跑： sudo yum install python-devel
2. 跑 sudo yum install libxslt-devel libxml2-devel
3. 使用Python 2.7通过运行命令/usr/bin/python2.7 YOUR_PYTHON_COMMAND （对我来说是/usr/bin/python2.7 -m pip install lxml）

pymemcompat.h:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录

男孩，您应该将错误日志发布到，LANG=C否则人们将无法从日志中找到真正的原因。上面的日志说：没有这样的文件或目录。

这意味着您应该安装Python的开发包。在Debian风格的发行版上通常是“ python-dev”，而在RHEL风格的发行版上通常是“ python-devel”。

以上所有答案均假设用户有权访问特权/根帐户以安装所需的库。要在本地安装它，您需要执行以下步骤。仅显示概述，因为根据您可能缺少的依赖项，可能会涉及一些步骤

1.下载并编译libxml2-2.9.1和libxslt-1.1.28（版本可能会更改）

2.使用configure将libxml和libxslt的每个安装路径配置为某个本地目录。例如./configure --prefix=/home_dir/dependencies/libxslt_path

3. make然后运行make install

4，从源代码下载并编译lxml

这对我有效，12.04，python2.7.6

sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
sudo pip install lxml

我知道我迟到了演出，

但这将有助于解决其他问题

mkdir ~/tmp
export TMPDIR=~/tmp
STATIC_DEPS=true easy_install-2.7 lxml

设置TMPDIR将确保该构建可以运行它需要运行的所有内容，而设置STATIC_DEPS将告诉它引入自己的libxml2和libxslt2，而不是使用服务器上安装的旧版本。

在Windows 8上使用cygwin 64。

我有...

pip install lxml（...）

gcc -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -ggdb -O2 -pipe -Wimplicit-function-declaration -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.2.5-4.x86_64/build=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.2.5-4 -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.2.5-4.x86_64/src/Python-3.2.5=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.2.5-4 -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/tmp/pip-build-b8ybku/lxml/src/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python3.2m -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.cygwin-1.7.34-x86_64-3.2/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w

src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:8:22: fatal error: pyconfig.h: No such file or directory

compilation terminated.

/usr/lib/python3.2/distutils/dist.py:257: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'bugtrack_url'

  warnings.warn(msg)

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3.2m -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-b8ybku/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-u3vwj8-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-b8ybku/lxml

我尝试了一切，直到我意识到新的cygwin工具链弄乱了python逻辑。cygwin安装一个称为“ realgcc”的编译器，它不是真正的 gcc。

解

安装gcc。例如：

 apt-cyg install gcc-g++

唯一对我有帮助的是

sudo apt-get install python3.5-dev

我在Linux机器上遇到了相同的错误。如果您也访问了他们文档中的他们的网站。因此，如果您在Linux机器上遇到这种错误，请尝试以下命令，

# apt install libxml2-dev libxslt-dev python-dev

# pip install lxml==3.4.4

我正在使用Ubuntu 12，这对我有用：

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev
sudo apt-get install libxslt1-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install lxml

如果已安装libxml2和libxslt，则可能需要在libxml2和libxslt之间创建符号链接，以指向python2.6的包含路径。您也可以尝试添加INCLUDE环境参数。因为gcc命令仅搜索以下路径：-I / usr / include / python2.6。

以下文件在Windows https://pypi.python.org/pypi/lxml/3.3.3#downloads对我 有用

在osx 10.10.5和virtualenv中，也许您可​​以解决以下问题：

sudo C_INCLUDE_PATH=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include/libxml2:/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/libxml:/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include pip install -r lxml

我在Windows机器上工作。这是成功安装lxml（使用python 2.6和更高版本）的一些指示。

安装以下内容：

1. MingGW。
2. libxml2版本2.7.0或更高版本。
3. libxslt 1.1.23版或更高版本。

不能在上使用所有功能pip install。

libxml2的Windows二进制文件位于此处。

libxslt在这里找到。

完成以上两个步骤后，

做：pip install lxml。

另一个解决方法是使用PyPI的稳定版本或Christoph Gohlke的非官方Windows二进制文件（在此处找到）。

结合使用Windows 7和Cygwin，我发现：

Compile failed: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
cc -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c /tmp/xmlXPathInitZsgdMQ.c -o tmp/xmlXPathInitZsgdMQ.o
*********************************************************************************
Could not find function xmlCheckVersion in library libxml2. Is libxml2 installed?
*********************************************************************************
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

我通过安装修复它 mingw64-x86_64-libxslt

对于Windows：

pip install --upgrade pip wheel
pip install bzt
pip install lxml

这两个软件包需要单独安装，通常无法使用pip... 安装，因此，对于FreeBSD：

Download a compressed snapshot of the Ports Collection into /var/db/portsnap:
# portsnap fetch
When running Portsnap for the first time, extract the snapshot into /usr/ports:
# portsnap extract
After the first use of Portsnap has been completed as shown above, /usr/ports can be updated as needed by running:
# portsnap fetch
# portsnap update

Now Install:
cd /usr/ports/textproc/libxml2
make install clean

cd /usr/ports/textproc/libxslt
make install clean

你应该很好...