如何处理名称长度超过259个字符的文件?


82

我正在开发一个应用程序,该应用程序遍历某些目录中的每个文件,并对这些文件执行一些操作。除其他外,我必须检索文件大小和修改此文件的日期。

某些文件全名(目录+文件名)太长,我无法使用.NET Framework FileInfo,它被限制为MAX_PATH(260个字符)。许多Web来源建议通过P / Invoke使用本机Win32函数来访问名称过长的文件。

当前,Win32函数似乎会出现完全相同的问题。例如对于GetFileAttributesEx(270字节)的路径(kernel32.dll)失败,并出现Win32错误3 ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND。

可以从Notepad2中成功打开相同的文件,并使用Windows资源管理器成功显示该文件(但由于259个字符的限制¹,例如Visual Studio 2010无法打开它)。

文件路径为270个字符长时,我该怎么办才能访问文件?

笔记:

  • 删除或忽略文件路径长度超过259个字符的文件不是解决方案。

  • 我仅在寻找与Unicode兼容的解决方案。

  • 该应用程序将在安装了.NET Framework 4的Windows 2008 / Vista或更高版本下运行。


¹令人惊讶的是,Microsoft Word 2007失败,抱怨没有软盘驱动器的计算机上的“软盘太小”,或者当剩余4 GB RAM时抱怨“ RAM内存不足”,或者最后是“需要更新防病毒软件”。他们是否会停止一天至少在诸如Microsoft Office之类的关键产品中显示如此愚蠢的毫无意义的错误?


1
我相信,即使是现在,每个文件名都映射到8.3格式的文件名,您不能使用它吗?en.wikipedia.org/wiki/…–
格兰特·托马斯

6
即使是8.3格式的文件名也可以超过260个字符,您只需要深度文件夹嵌套即可。
David Heffernan'3

1
请注意,您可以(并且可能要这样做,因为它会增加I / O开销)禁用8.3名称创建,因此,不,您无法确定8.3是否存在。请参阅fsutil.exe 8dot3name
培根钻头

Answers:


81

.NET 4.6.2解决方案

使用此处\\?\C:\Verrrrrrrrrrrry long path描述的语法。

.NET Core解决方案

之所以起作用,是因为该框架为您添加了长路径语法。

.NET 4.6.2之前的解决方案

还要使用长路径语法和带有P / Invoke的Win32 API函数的Unicode版本。命名文件,路径和命名空间

Windows API具有许多功能,它们也具有Unicode版本,以允许使用扩展长度的路径,最大总路径长度为32,767个字符。这种类型的路径由用反斜杠分隔的组件组成,每个反斜杠都取决于GetVolumeInformation函数的lpMaximumComponentLength参数中返回的值(该值通常为255个字符)。要指定扩展长度的路径,请使用\\?\前缀。例如,\\?\D:\very long path

阅读此Microsoft支持页面也可能很有趣。

BCL团队博客的Kim Hamilton在.NET中的Long Paths中进行了非常广泛的解释,列出了处理这些路径的一些障碍,他声称这是.NET仍不直接支持此语法的原因:

我们过去不愿添加长路径的原因有很多,以及为什么我们仍然对此保持谨慎<...>。

<...>\\?\前缀不仅允许长路径;它会导致通过Windows API进行最少的修改即可将路径传递到文件系统。结果是\\?\关闭了Windows API执行的文件名规范化,包括删除尾随空格,扩展“。”。和'..',将相对路径转换为完整路径,依此类推。<...>

<...>带有\\?\前缀的长路径可以在大多数与文件相关的Windows API中使用,但不能在所有Windows API中使用。例如,如果文件名长于MAX_PATH,则LoadLibrary <...>失败。<...>整个Windows API中都有类似的示例。存在一些解决方法,但是它们是根据具体情况而定的。

<...>的另一个因素是与其他基于Windows的应用程序以及Windows Shell本身的兼容性。

由于此问题变得越来越普遍,因此Microsoft一直在努力解决它。实际上,作为及时的Vista插件,您会注意到一些更改,这些更改减少了达到MAX_PATH限制的可能性:许多特殊文件夹的名称已经缩短,更有趣的是,shell使用了自动路径收缩功能。 <...>尝试将其压缩为260个字符。


警告:您可能需要直接调用Windows API,因为我认为.NET Framework可能不支持这种路径语法。


是的,3.5不支持这种路径。我怀疑4.0是否添加了它。
杰米·彭尼

3
是的,您需要P /调用Win32 API函数并直接从.NET应用程序中调用它们。.NET的内部管道(特别是一个PathHelper类)会验证路径,并且如果该路径超过MAX_PATH(260)个字符,则会引发异常。
科迪·格雷

12
@AmaniKilumanga:那么您的路径基本上是一篇6000字的论文,系统无法处理。
user541686 '16

1
@denahiro:也许您可以自由编辑它……就像以前把它放在那儿的人一样(我没有)……
user541686

1
非常精确-\\?\不适用于4.6.1,但适用于4.6.2
jw_

33

我创建了自己LongFileLongDirectory类来解决这个问题。我通常会用到它System.IO.File

上面可能有优化等,但多年来一直运行良好。

public static class LongFile
{
    private const int MAX_PATH = 260;

    public static bool Exists(string path)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) return System.IO.File.Exists(path);
        var attr = NativeMethods.GetFileAttributesW(GetWin32LongPath(path));
        return (attr != NativeMethods.INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && ((attr & NativeMethods.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE) == NativeMethods.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE));
    }

    public static void Delete(string path)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) System.IO.File.Delete(path);
        else
        {
            bool ok = NativeMethods.DeleteFileW(GetWin32LongPath(path));
            if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
    }

    public static void AppendAllText(string path, string contents)
    {
        AppendAllText(path, contents, Encoding.Default);
    }

    public static void AppendAllText(string path, string contents, Encoding encoding)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.File.AppendAllText(path, contents, encoding);
        }
        else
        {
            var fileHandle = CreateFileForAppend(GetWin32LongPath(path));
            using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Write))
            {
                var bytes = encoding.GetBytes(contents);
                fs.Position = fs.Length;
                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void WriteAllText(string path, string contents)
    {
        WriteAllText(path, contents, Encoding.Default);
    }

    public static void WriteAllText(string path, string contents, Encoding encoding)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.File.WriteAllText(path, contents, encoding);
        }
        else
        {
            var fileHandle = CreateFileForWrite(GetWin32LongPath(path));

            using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Write))
            {
                var bytes = encoding.GetBytes(contents);
                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void WriteAllBytes(string path, byte[] bytes)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes(path, bytes);
        }
        else
        {
            var fileHandle = CreateFileForWrite(GetWin32LongPath(path));

            using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Write))
            {
                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void Copy(string sourceFileName, string destFileName)
    {
        Copy(sourceFileName, destFileName, false);
    }

    public static void Copy(string sourceFileName, string destFileName, bool overwrite)
    {
        if (sourceFileName.Length < MAX_PATH && (destFileName.Length < MAX_PATH)) System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFileName, destFileName, overwrite);
        else
        {
            var ok = NativeMethods.CopyFileW(GetWin32LongPath(sourceFileName), GetWin32LongPath(destFileName), !overwrite);
            if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
    }

    public static void Move(string sourceFileName, string destFileName)
    {
        if (sourceFileName.Length < MAX_PATH && (destFileName.Length < MAX_PATH)) System.IO.File.Move(sourceFileName, destFileName);
        else
        {
            var ok = NativeMethods.MoveFileW(GetWin32LongPath(sourceFileName), GetWin32LongPath(destFileName));
            if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
    }

    public static string ReadAllText(string path)
    {
        return ReadAllText(path, Encoding.Default);
    }

    public static string ReadAllText(string path, Encoding encoding)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) { return System.IO.File.ReadAllText(path, encoding); }
        var fileHandle = GetFileHandle(GetWin32LongPath(path));

        using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Read))
        {
            var data = new byte[fs.Length];
            fs.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
            return encoding.GetString(data);
        }
    }

    public static string[] ReadAllLines(string path)
    {
        return ReadAllLines(path, Encoding.Default);
    }

    public static string[] ReadAllLines(string path, Encoding encoding)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) { return System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(path, encoding); }
        var fileHandle = GetFileHandle(GetWin32LongPath(path));

        using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Read))
        {
            var data = new byte[fs.Length];
            fs.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
            var str = encoding.GetString(data);
            if (str.Contains("\r")) return str.Split(new[] { "\r\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None);
            return str.Split('\n');
        }
    }
    public static byte[] ReadAllBytes(string path)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) return System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
        var fileHandle = GetFileHandle(GetWin32LongPath(path));

        using (var fs = new System.IO.FileStream(fileHandle, System.IO.FileAccess.Read))
        {
            var data = new byte[fs.Length];
            fs.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
            return data;
        }
    }


    public static void SetAttributes(string path, FileAttributes attributes)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.File.SetAttributes(path, attributes);
        }
        else
        {
            var longFilename = GetWin32LongPath(path);
            NativeMethods.SetFileAttributesW(longFilename, (int)attributes);
        }
    }

    #region Helper methods

    private static SafeFileHandle CreateFileForWrite(string filename)
    {
        if (filename.Length >= MAX_PATH) filename = GetWin32LongPath(filename);
        SafeFileHandle hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(filename, (int)NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_NONE, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        if (hfile.IsInvalid) ThrowWin32Exception();
        return hfile;
    }

    private static SafeFileHandle CreateFileForAppend(string filename)
    {
        if (filename.Length >= MAX_PATH) filename = GetWin32LongPath(filename);
        SafeFileHandle hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(filename, (int)NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_NONE, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.CREATE_NEW, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        if (hfile.IsInvalid)
        {
            hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(filename, (int)NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_NONE, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
            if (hfile.IsInvalid) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
        return hfile;
    }

    internal static SafeFileHandle GetFileHandle(string filename)
    {
        if (filename.Length >= MAX_PATH) filename = GetWin32LongPath(filename);
        SafeFileHandle hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(filename, (int)NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_READ, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_READ, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        if (hfile.IsInvalid) ThrowWin32Exception();
        return hfile;
    }

    internal static SafeFileHandle GetFileHandleWithWrite(string filename)
    {
        if (filename.Length >= MAX_PATH) filename = GetWin32LongPath(filename);
        SafeFileHandle hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(filename, (int)(NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_READ | NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE | NativeMethods.FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES), NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_NONE, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        if (hfile.IsInvalid) ThrowWin32Exception();
        return hfile;
    }

    public static System.IO.FileStream GetFileStream(string filename, FileAccess access = FileAccess.Read)
    {
        var longFilename = GetWin32LongPath(filename);
        SafeFileHandle hfile;
        if (access == FileAccess.Write)
        {
            hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(longFilename, (int)(NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_READ | NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_WRITE | NativeMethods.FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES), NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_NONE, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        }
        else
        {
            hfile = NativeMethods.CreateFile(longFilename, (int)NativeMethods.FILE_GENERIC_READ, NativeMethods.FILE_SHARE_READ, IntPtr.Zero, NativeMethods.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
        }

        if (hfile.IsInvalid) ThrowWin32Exception();

        return new System.IO.FileStream(hfile, access);
    }


    [DebuggerStepThrough]
    public static void ThrowWin32Exception()
    {
        int code = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
        if (code != 0)
        {
            throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(code);
        }
    }

    public static string GetWin32LongPath(string path)
    {
        if (path.StartsWith(@"\\?\")) return path;

        if (path.StartsWith("\\"))
        {
            path = @"\\?\UNC\" + path.Substring(2);
        }
        else if (path.Contains(":"))
        {
            path = @"\\?\" + path;
        }
        else
        {
            var currdir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
            path = Combine(currdir, path);
            while (path.Contains("\\.\\")) path = path.Replace("\\.\\", "\\");
            path = @"\\?\" + path;
        }
        return path.TrimEnd('.'); ;
    }

    private static string Combine(string path1, string path2)
    {
        return path1.TrimEnd('\\') + "\\" + path2.TrimStart('\\').TrimEnd('.'); ;
    }


    #endregion

    public static void SetCreationTime(string path, DateTime creationTime)
    {
        long cTime = 0;
        long aTime = 0;
        long wTime = 0;

        using (var handle = GetFileHandleWithWrite(path))
        {
            NativeMethods.GetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref aTime, ref wTime);
            var fileTime = creationTime.ToFileTimeUtc();
            if (!NativeMethods.SetFileTime(handle, ref fileTime, ref aTime, ref wTime))
            {
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void SetLastAccessTime(string path, DateTime lastAccessTime)
    {
        long cTime = 0;
        long aTime = 0;
        long wTime = 0;

        using (var handle = GetFileHandleWithWrite(path))
        {
            NativeMethods.GetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref aTime, ref wTime);

            var fileTime = lastAccessTime.ToFileTimeUtc();
            if (!NativeMethods.SetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref fileTime, ref wTime))
            {
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void SetLastWriteTime(string path, DateTime lastWriteTime)
    {
        long cTime = 0;
        long aTime = 0;
        long wTime = 0;

        using (var handle = GetFileHandleWithWrite(path))
        {
            NativeMethods.GetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref aTime, ref wTime);

            var fileTime = lastWriteTime.ToFileTimeUtc();
            if (!NativeMethods.SetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref aTime, ref fileTime))
            {
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
        }
    }

    public static DateTime GetLastWriteTime(string path)
    {
        long cTime = 0;
        long aTime = 0;
        long wTime = 0;

        using (var handle = GetFileHandleWithWrite(path))
        {
            NativeMethods.GetFileTime(handle, ref cTime, ref aTime, ref wTime);

            return DateTime.FromFileTimeUtc(wTime);
        }
    }

}

并对应一个LongDirectory

public class LongDirectory
{
    private const int MAX_PATH = 260;

    public static void CreateDirectory(string path)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path)) return;
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
        }
        else
        {
            var paths = GetAllPathsFromPath(GetWin32LongPath(path));
            foreach (var item in paths)
            {
                if (!LongExists(item))
                {
                    var ok = NativeMethods.CreateDirectory(item, IntPtr.Zero);
                    if (!ok)
                    {
                        ThrowWin32Exception();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void Delete(string path)
    {
        Delete(path, false);
    }

    public static void Delete(string path, bool recursive)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH && !recursive)
        {
            System.IO.Directory.Delete(path, false);
        }
        else
        {
            if (!recursive)
            {
                bool ok = NativeMethods.RemoveDirectory(GetWin32LongPath(path));
                if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
            }
            else
            {
                DeleteDirectories(new string[] { GetWin32LongPath(path) });
            }
        }
    }


    private static void DeleteDirectories(string[] directories)
    {
        foreach (string directory in directories)
        {
            string[] files = LongDirectory.GetFiles(directory, null, System.IO.SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
            foreach (string file in files)
            {
                LongFile.Delete(file);
            }
            directories = LongDirectory.GetDirectories(directory, null, System.IO.SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
            DeleteDirectories(directories);
            bool ok = NativeMethods.RemoveDirectory(GetWin32LongPath(directory));
            if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
    }

    public static bool Exists(string path)
    {
        if (path.Length < MAX_PATH) return System.IO.Directory.Exists(path);
        return LongExists(GetWin32LongPath(path));
    }

    private static bool LongExists(string path)
    {
        var attr = NativeMethods.GetFileAttributesW(path);
        return (attr != NativeMethods.INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && ((attr & NativeMethods.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) == NativeMethods.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY));
    }


    public static string[] GetDirectories(string path)
    {
        return GetDirectories(path, null, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
    }

    public static string[] GetDirectories(string path, string searchPattern)
    {
        return GetDirectories(path, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
    }

    public static string[] GetDirectories(string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.SearchOption searchOption)
    {
        searchPattern = searchPattern ?? "*";
        var dirs = new List<string>();
        InternalGetDirectories(path, searchPattern, searchOption, ref dirs);
        return dirs.ToArray();
    }

    private static void InternalGetDirectories(string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.SearchOption searchOption, ref List<string> dirs)
    {
        NativeMethods.WIN32_FIND_DATA findData;
        IntPtr findHandle = NativeMethods.FindFirstFile(System.IO.Path.Combine(GetWin32LongPath(path), searchPattern), out findData);

        try
        {
            if (findHandle != new IntPtr(-1))
            {

                do
                {
                    if ((findData.dwFileAttributes & System.IO.FileAttributes.Directory) != 0)
                    {
                        if (findData.cFileName != "." && findData.cFileName != "..")
                        {
                            string subdirectory = System.IO.Path.Combine(path, findData.cFileName);
                            dirs.Add(GetCleanPath(subdirectory));
                            if (searchOption == SearchOption.AllDirectories)
                            {
                                InternalGetDirectories(subdirectory, searchPattern, searchOption, ref dirs);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } while (NativeMethods.FindNextFile(findHandle, out findData));
                NativeMethods.FindClose(findHandle);
            }
            else
            {
                ThrowWin32Exception();
            }
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            NativeMethods.FindClose(findHandle);
            throw;
        }
    }

    public static string[] GetFiles(string path)
    {
        return GetFiles(path, null, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
    }

    public static string[] GetFiles(string path, string searchPattern)
    {
        return GetFiles(path, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
    }


    public static string[] GetFiles(string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.SearchOption searchOption)
    {
        searchPattern = searchPattern ?? "*";

        var files = new List<string>();
        var dirs = new List<string> { path };

        if (searchOption == SearchOption.AllDirectories)
        {
            //Add all the subpaths
            dirs.AddRange(LongDirectory.GetDirectories(path, null, SearchOption.AllDirectories));
        }

        foreach (var dir in dirs)
        {
            NativeMethods.WIN32_FIND_DATA findData;
            IntPtr findHandle = NativeMethods.FindFirstFile(System.IO.Path.Combine(GetWin32LongPath(dir), searchPattern), out findData);

            try
            {
                if (findHandle != new IntPtr(-1))
                {

                    do
                    {
                        if ((findData.dwFileAttributes & System.IO.FileAttributes.Directory) == 0)
                        {
                            string filename = System.IO.Path.Combine(dir, findData.cFileName);
                            files.Add(GetCleanPath(filename));
                        }
                    } while (NativeMethods.FindNextFile(findHandle, out findData));
                    NativeMethods.FindClose(findHandle);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                NativeMethods.FindClose(findHandle);
                throw;
            }
        }

        return files.ToArray();
    }



    public static void Move(string sourceDirName, string destDirName)
    {
        if (sourceDirName.Length < MAX_PATH || destDirName.Length < MAX_PATH)
        {
            System.IO.Directory.Move(sourceDirName, destDirName);
        }
        else
        {
            var ok = NativeMethods.MoveFileW(GetWin32LongPath(sourceDirName), GetWin32LongPath(destDirName));
            if (!ok) ThrowWin32Exception();
        }
    }

    #region Helper methods



    [DebuggerStepThrough]
    public static void ThrowWin32Exception()
    {
        int code = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
        if (code != 0)
        {
            throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(code);
        }
    }

    public static string GetWin32LongPath(string path)
    {

        if (path.StartsWith(@"\\?\")) return path;

        var newpath = path;
        if (newpath.StartsWith("\\"))
        {
            newpath = @"\\?\UNC\" + newpath.Substring(2);
        }
        else if (newpath.Contains(":"))
        {
            newpath = @"\\?\" + newpath;
        }
        else
        {
            var currdir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
            newpath = Combine(currdir, newpath);
            while (newpath.Contains("\\.\\")) newpath = newpath.Replace("\\.\\", "\\");
            newpath = @"\\?\" + newpath;
        }
        return newpath.TrimEnd('.');
    }

    private static string GetCleanPath(string path)
    {
        if (path.StartsWith(@"\\?\UNC\")) return @"\\" + path.Substring(8);
        if (path.StartsWith(@"\\?\")) return path.Substring(4);
        return path;
    }

    private static List<string> GetAllPathsFromPath(string path)
    {
        bool unc = false;
        var prefix = @"\\?\";
        if (path.StartsWith(prefix + @"UNC\"))
        {
            prefix += @"UNC\";
            unc = true;
        }
        var split = path.Split('\\');
        int i = unc ? 6 : 4;
        var list = new List<string>();
        var txt = "";

        for (int a = 0; a < i; a++)
        {
            if (a > 0) txt += "\\";
            txt += split[a];
        }
        for (; i < split.Length; i++)
        {
            txt = Combine(txt, split[i]);
            list.Add(txt);
        }

        return list;
    }

    private static string Combine(string path1, string path2)
    {
        return path1.TrimEnd('\\') + "\\" + path2.TrimStart('\\').TrimEnd('.');
    }


    #endregion
}

NativeMethods

internal static class NativeMethods
{
    internal const int FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = 0x20;
    internal const int INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES = -1;

    internal const int FILE_READ_DATA = 0x0001;
    internal const int FILE_WRITE_DATA = 0x0002;
    internal const int FILE_APPEND_DATA = 0x0004;
    internal const int FILE_READ_EA = 0x0008;
    internal const int FILE_WRITE_EA = 0x0010;

    internal const int FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES = 0x0080;
    internal const int FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES = 0x0100;

    internal const int FILE_SHARE_NONE = 0x00000000;
    internal const int FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;

    internal const int FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = 0x10;

    internal const long FILE_GENERIC_WRITE = STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE |
                                                FILE_WRITE_DATA |
                                                FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES |
                                                FILE_WRITE_EA |
                                                FILE_APPEND_DATA |
                                                SYNCHRONIZE;

    internal const long FILE_GENERIC_READ = STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ |
                                            FILE_READ_DATA |
                                            FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES |
                                            FILE_READ_EA |
                                            SYNCHRONIZE;



    internal const long READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000L;
    internal const long STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = READ_CONTROL;
    internal const long STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = READ_CONTROL;

    internal const long SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000L;

    internal const int CREATE_NEW = 1;
    internal const int CREATE_ALWAYS = 2;
    internal const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;

    internal const int MAX_PATH = 260;
    internal const int MAX_ALTERNATE = 14;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    internal struct WIN32_FIND_DATA
    {
        public System.IO.FileAttributes dwFileAttributes;
        public FILETIME ftCreationTime;
        public FILETIME ftLastAccessTime;
        public FILETIME ftLastWriteTime;
        public uint nFileSizeHigh; //changed all to uint, otherwise you run into unexpected overflow
        public uint nFileSizeLow;  //|
        public uint dwReserved0;   //|
        public uint dwReserved1;   //v
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MAX_PATH)]
        public string cFileName;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MAX_ALTERNATE)]
        public string cAlternate;
    }


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(string lpFileName, int dwDesiredAccess, int dwShareMode, IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes, int dwCreationDisposition, int dwFlagsAndAttributes, IntPtr hTemplateFile);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool CopyFileW(string lpExistingFileName, string lpNewFileName, bool bFailIfExists);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern int GetFileAttributesW(string lpFileName);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool DeleteFileW(string lpFileName);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool MoveFileW(string lpExistingFileName, string lpNewFileName);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool SetFileTime(SafeFileHandle hFile, ref long lpCreationTime, ref long lpLastAccessTime, ref long lpLastWriteTime);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool GetFileTime(SafeFileHandle hFile, ref long lpCreationTime, ref long lpLastAccessTime, ref long lpLastWriteTime);


    [DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern IntPtr FindFirstFile(string lpFileName, out WIN32_FIND_DATA lpFindFileData);


    [DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool FindNextFile(IntPtr hFindFile, out WIN32_FIND_DATA lpFindFileData);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool FindClose(IntPtr hFindFile);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool RemoveDirectory(string path);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool CreateDirectory(string lpPathName, IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes);


    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern int SetFileAttributesW(string lpFileName, int fileAttributes);
}

StackOverflow不是共享库源代码的好地方。如果您希望它被其他开发人员实际使用,我相信您应该(1)在GitHub或类似服务上发布它,(2)包含单元测试,(3)作为NuGet包发布;(可选)如果要鼓励其他人为您的图书馆做贡献,则应考虑添加文档。然后,您可以编辑此答案以解释您所做的工作以及该库如何回答原始问题(因为它可以做到!),并包括指向GitHub和NuGet的相应链接。
Arseni Mourzenko

13
这只是我个人TFS存储库(visualstudio.com)上的一个较大项目的几个类。以为我与所有人一样,经常看到缺少对长路径的支持的软件问题(如果长度超过259,甚至TFS 2013也会失败...)。但是,是的。将来可能会做类似的事情(例如,如果该帖子获得很多投票:))。
Wolf5

该解决方案对我有用,但是在InternalGetDirectories函数中,如果选择AllDirectories选项并且在子目录列表中未找到搜索模式,则递归不起作用。我必须替换ThrowWin32Exception();经过某种带“*”为模式的预搜索(码长包括在这里,但很相似,的功能代码)。
亚历克斯

尝试过ZetaLongPaths nuget / github项目,由于某种原因,复制文件会产生损坏的文件,请立即尝试。我认为它也使用了这些pinvoke模式,但您永远不知道!
放屁

谢谢您,先生,但仅供参考,如果目标路径是相对路径(“ .. \ Fu \ Bar.txt”),它将无法使用。我通过强制将其固定为绝对路径来固定它。
Tipx

22

您可以尝试Delimon库,它是Microsoft TechNet上基于.NET Framework 4的库,用于解决长文件名问题:

Delimon.Win32.I.O库(V4.0)。

它具有System.IO中自己的关键方法版本。例如,您将替换为:

System.IO.Directory.GetFiles

Delimon.Win32.IO.Directory.GetFiles

这样您就可以处理长文件和文件夹。

从网站:

Delimon.Win32.IO替换了System.IO的基本文件功能,并支持最多32,767个字符的文件和文件夹名称。

该库是在.NET Framework 4.0上编写的,可以在x86和x64系统上使用。标准System.IO命名空间的文件和文件夹限制可以用于文件名中包含260个字符,文件夹名称中包含240个字符的文件(MAX_PATH通常配置为260个字符)。通常,您会在标准.NET库中遇到 System.IO.PathTooLongException错误。


4
还有一个AlphaFS库,用于超过260个字符的路径。
马克G


5

我曾经在编写一个应用程序时遇到过这个问题。当我快要达到260个字符的限制时,我会即时将网络驱动器映射到完整路径的某些部分,从而大大减少了完整路径+文件名的长度。这并不是一个很好的解决方案,但是它完成了工作。



2

用于GetFileAttributesEx参考MSDN说:

在此功能的ANSI版本中,名称限制为MAX_PATH个字符。若要将此限制扩展为32,767个宽字符,请调用该函数的Unicode版本,并在路径前添加“ \\?\”。有关更多信息,请参见命名文件

因此,您要使用GetFileAttributesExW并在路径前加上“ \\?\”


您的报价是正确的,但有一点误导性:此限制与ANSI版本无关(在Unicode版本中也有限制)。
user541686 2011年

1
它非常清楚地表明您需要同时使用Unicode版本和前缀来扩展限制。
lunixbochs 2011年

2

请像这样更新您的配置文件:

<configuration>
  <runtime>
    <AppContextSwitchOverrides value="Switch.System.IO.UseLegacyPathHandling=false;Switch.System.IO.BlockLongPaths=false" />
  </runtime>
</configuration>

0

创建使用Robocopy的单独进程也是此处讨论的解决方案: 在Windows 8.1中如何移动路径名> 255个字符的文件夹/文件?

  public static void RoboCopy(string src, string dst)
        {
            Process p = new Process();
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format("/C Robocopy {0} {1}", src, dst);
            p.StartInfo.FileName = "CMD.EXE";
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.Start();
            p.WaitForExit();
        }

如图所示:使用robo复制和处理进行文件复制

By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Cookie Policy and Privacy Policy.
Licensed under cc by-sa 3.0 with attribution required.