我使用PackageCompiler希望创建一个可执行文件，从而消除了即时编译开销。
该文档解释说，我必须定义一个函数julia_main来调用程序的逻辑，并编写一个“探听文件”，该脚本调用我希望预编译的函数。My julia_main接受一个参数，即包含要分析的输入数据的文件的位置。因此，为了简单起见，我的监听文件只需要julia_main使用特定的输入文件进行一次调用即可。因此，我希望看到针对相同的输入文件执行时，生成的可执行文件运行得很快且运行良好（没有编译开销）。
但是a，那不是我所看到的。在新的Julia实例中julia_main，第一次执行大约需要74秒，后续执行大约需要4.5秒。每次调用可执行文件大约需要50秒。
我对build_executable函数的使用如下所示：
julia> using PackageCompiler
julia> build_executable("d:/philip/source/script/julia/jsource/SCRiPTMain.jl",
"testexecutable",
builddir = "d:/temp/builddir4",
snoopfile = "d:/philip/source/script/julia/jsource/snoop.jl",
compile = "all",
verbose = true)问题：
- 以上参数是否正确实现了我的无JIT开销的可执行文件的目标？
- 还有其他建议吗？
这是对的响应build_executable。从Start of snoop file execution!到的行End of snoop file execution!由我的代码发出。
Julia program file:
"d:\philip\source\script\julia\jsource\SCRiPTMain.jl"
C program file:
"C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\PackageCompiler\CJQcs\examples\program.c"
Build directory:
"d:\temp\builddir4"
Executing snoopfile: "d:\philip\source\script\julia\jsource\snoop.jl"
Start of snoop file execution!
┌ Warning: The 'control file' contains the key 'InterpolateCovariance' with value 'true' but that is not supported. Pass a value of 'false' or omit the key altogether.
└ @ ValidateInputs d:\Philip\Source\script\Julia\JSource\ValidateInputs.jl:685
Time to build model 20.058000087738037
Saving c:/temp/SCRiPT/SCRiPTModel.jls
Results written to c:/temp/SCRiPT/SCRiPTResultsJulia.json
Time to write file: 3620 milliseconds
Time in method runscript: 76899 milliseconds
End of snoop file execution!
[ Info: used 1313 out of 1320 precompile statements
Build static library "testexecutable.a":
atexit_hook_copy = copy(Base.atexit_hooks) # make backup
# clean state so that any package we use can carelessly call atexit
empty!(Base.atexit_hooks)
Base.__init__()
Sys.__init__() #fix https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/30479
using REPL
Base.REPL_MODULE_REF[] = REPL
Mod = @eval module $(gensym("anon_module")) end
# Include into anonymous module to not polute namespace
Mod.include("d:\\\\temp\\\\builddir4\\\\julia_main.jl")
Base._atexit() # run all exit hooks we registered during precompile
empty!(Base.atexit_hooks) # don't serialize the exit hooks we run + added
# atexit_hook_copy should be empty, but who knows what base will do in the future
append!(Base.atexit_hooks, atexit_hook_copy)
Build shared library "testexecutable.dll":
`'C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\WinRPM\Y9QdZ\deps\usr\x86_64-w64-mingw32\sys-root\mingw\bin\gcc.exe' --sysroot 'C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\WinRPM\Y9QdZ\deps\usr\x86_64-w64-mingw32\sys-root' -shared '-DJULIAC_PROGRAM_LIBNAME="testexecutable.dll"' -o testexecutable.dll -Wl,--whole-archive testexecutable.a -Wl,--no-whole-archive -std=gnu99 '-IC:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Julia-1.2.0\include\julia' -DJULIA_ENABLE_THREADING=1 '-LC:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Julia-1.2.0\bin' -Wl,--stack,8388608 -ljulia -lopenlibm -m64 -Wl,--export-all-symbols`
Build executable "testexecutable.exe":
`'C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\WinRPM\Y9QdZ\deps\usr\x86_64-w64-mingw32\sys-root\mingw\bin\gcc.exe' --sysroot 'C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\WinRPM\Y9QdZ\deps\usr\x86_64-w64-mingw32\sys-root' '-DJULIAC_PROGRAM_LIBNAME="testexecutable.dll"' -o testexecutable.exe 'C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\PackageCompiler\CJQcs\examples\program.c' testexecutable.dll -std=gnu99 '-IC:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Julia-1.2.0\include\julia' -DJULIA_ENABLE_THREADING=1 '-LC:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Julia-1.2.0\bin' -Wl,--stack,8388608 -ljulia -lopenlibm -m64`
Copy Julia libraries to build directory:
7z.dll
BugpointPasses.dll
libamd.2.4.6.dll
libamd.2.dll
libamd.dll
libatomic-1.dll
libbtf.1.2.6.dll
libbtf.1.dll
libbtf.dll
libcamd.2.4.6.dll
libcamd.2.dll
libcamd.dll
libccalltest.dll
libccolamd.2.9.6.dll
libccolamd.2.dll
libccolamd.dll
libcholmod.3.0.13.dll
libcholmod.3.dll
libcholmod.dll
libclang.dll
libcolamd.2.9.6.dll
libcolamd.2.dll
libcolamd.dll
libdSFMT.dll
libexpat-1.dll
libgcc_s_seh-1.dll
libgfortran-4.dll
libgit2.dll
libgmp.dll
libjulia.dll
libklu.1.3.8.dll
libklu.1.dll
libklu.dll
libldl.2.2.6.dll
libldl.2.dll
libldl.dll
libllvmcalltest.dll
libmbedcrypto.dll
libmbedtls.dll
libmbedx509.dll
libmpfr.dll
libopenblas64_.dll
libopenlibm.dll
libpcre2-8-0.dll
libpcre2-8.dll
libpcre2-posix-2.dll
libquadmath-0.dll
librbio.2.2.6.dll
librbio.2.dll
librbio.dll
libspqr.2.0.9.dll
libspqr.2.dll
libspqr.dll
libssh2.dll
libssp-0.dll
libstdc++-6.dll
libsuitesparseconfig.5.4.0.dll
libsuitesparseconfig.5.dll
libsuitesparseconfig.dll
libsuitesparse_wrapper.dll
libumfpack.5.7.8.dll
libumfpack.5.dll
libumfpack.dll
libuv-2.dll
libwinpthread-1.dll
LLVM.dll
LLVMHello.dll
zlib1.dll
All done
julia> 编辑
我担心创建一个最小的工作示例会很困难，但这很简单：
TestBuildExecutable.jl 包含：
module TestBuildExecutable
Base.@ccallable function julia_main(ARGS::Vector{String}=[""])::Cint
@show sum(myarray())
return 0
end
#Function which takes approx 8 seconds to compile. Returns a 500 x 20 array of 1s
function myarray()
[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1;
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1;
# PLEASE EDIT TO INSERT THE MISSING 496 LINES, EACH IDENTICAL TO THE LINE ABOVE!
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1;
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]
end
end #moduleSnoopFile.jl 包含：
module SnoopFile
currentpath = dirname(@__FILE__)
push!(LOAD_PATH, currentpath)
unique!(LOAD_PATH)
using TestBuildExecutable
println("Start of snoop file execution!")
TestBuildExecutable.julia_main()
println("End of snoop file execution!")
end # module在一个新的Julia实例中，julia_main第一次执行耗时8.3秒，第二次执行耗时半毫秒：
julia> @time TestBuildExecutable.julia_main()
sum(myarray()) = 10000
8.355108 seconds (425.36 k allocations: 25.831 MiB, 0.06% gc time)
0
julia> @time TestBuildExecutable.julia_main()
sum(myarray()) = 10000
0.000537 seconds (25 allocations: 82.906 KiB)
0所以接下来我打电话给build_executable：
julia> using PackageCompiler
julia> build_executable("d:/philip/source/script/julia/jsource/TestBuildExecutable.jl",
"testexecutable",
builddir = "d:/temp/builddir15",
snoopfile = "d:/philip/source/script/julia/jsource/SnoopFile.jl",
verbose = false)
Julia program file:
"d:\philip\source\script\julia\jsource\TestBuildExecutable.jl"
C program file:
"C:\Users\Philip\.julia\packages\PackageCompiler\CJQcs\examples\program.c"
Build directory:
"d:\temp\builddir15"
Start of snoop file execution!
sum(myarray()) = 10000
End of snoop file execution!
[ Info: used 79 out of 79 precompile statements
All done最后，在Windows命令提示符下：
D:\temp\builddir15>testexecutable
sum(myarray()) = 1000
D:\temp\builddir15>（用我的秒表）需要8秒钟才能运行，并且每次执行都需要8秒钟才能运行，而不仅仅是第一次。这与可执行文件每次执行JIT编译时都一致，但是snoop文件旨在避免这种情况！
版本信息：
julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.2.0
Commit c6da87ff4b (2019-08-20 00:03 UTC)
Platform Info:
OS: Windows (x86_64-w64-mingw32)
CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700 CPU @ 3.40GHz
WORD_SIZE: 64
LIBM: libopenlibm
LLVM: libLLVM-6.0.1 (ORCJIT, skylake)
Environment:
JULIA_NUM_THREADS = 8
JULIA_EDITOR = "C:\Users\Philip\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\Code.exe"